beluga Who acts: beluga, white whale, beluga whale, Belugas, many sounds, pod · What happens: be, call, sell, make, swim up, turn · To what, where: white whale, beluga, large fish, eggs, many sounds, Belugas · Speech: someone speaks here
«beluga» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: beluga in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A beluga (or beluga whale) is a white whale of the Arctic with a round head, no back fin, and a very wide range of whistles and clicks; it is sometimes called the «sea canary».
The tree, 35 words det nsubj punct cc compound appos punct cop det amod case det nmod case det amod nmod punct det compound conj punct cc det advmod amod conj case nmod cc conj punct nsubj:pass aux:pass advmod acl det punct compound xcomp punct punct root A DET beluga NOUN ( PUNCT or CCONJ beluga NOUN whale NOUN ) PUNCT is AUX a DET white ADJ whale NOUN of ADP the DET Arctic PROPN with ADP a DET round ADJ head NOUN , PUNCT no DET back NOUN fin NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ a DET very ADV wide ADJ range NOUN of ADP whistles NOUN and CCONJ clicks NOUN ; PUNCT it PRON is AUX sometimes ADV called VERB the DET « PUNCT sea NOUN canary NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 beluga det 2 beluga beluga NOUN Number=Sing 11 whale nsubj 3 ( ( PUNCT _ 6 whale punct 4 or or CCONJ _ 6 whale cc 5 beluga beluga NOUN Number=Sing 6 whale compound 6 whale whale NOUN Number=Sing 2 beluga appos 7 ) ) PUNCT _ 6 whale punct 8 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 whale cop 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 whale det 10 white white ADJ Degree=Pos 11 whale amod 11 whale whale NOUN Number=Sing root root 12 of of ADP _ 14 Arctic case 13 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 14 Arctic det 14 Arctic Arctic PROPN Number=Sing 11 whale nmod 15 with with ADP _ 18 head case 16 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 18 head det 17 round round ADJ Degree=Pos 18 head amod 18 head head NOUN Number=Sing 14 Arctic nmod 19 , , PUNCT _ 22 fin punct 20 no no DET PronType=Neg 22 fin det 21 back back NOUN Number=Sing 22 fin compound 22 fin fin NOUN Number=Sing 14 Arctic conj 23 , , PUNCT _ 28 range punct 24 and and CCONJ _ 28 range cc 25 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 28 range det 26 very very ADV _ 27 wide advmod 27 wide wide ADJ Degree=Pos 28 range amod 28 range range NOUN Number=Sing 11 whale conj 29 of of ADP _ 30 whistles case 30 whistles whistle NOUN Number=Plur 28 range nmod 31 and and CCONJ _ 32 clicks cc 32 clicks click NOUN Number=Plur 30 whistles conj 33 ; ; PUNCT _ 37 called punct 34 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 37 called nsubj:pass 35 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 37 called aux:pass 36 sometimes sometimes ADV PronType=Ind 37 called advmod 37 called call VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 11 whale acl 38 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 41 canary det 39 « « PUNCT _ 41 canary punct 40 sea sea NOUN Number=Sing 41 canary compound 41 canary canary NOUN Number=Sing 37 called xcomp 42 » » PUNCT _ 41 canary punct 43 . . PUNCT _ 11 whale punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a beluga a white whale and a wide range of whistles and clicks of the Arctic with a round head and no back fin tree rules 2 call present · passive a white whale and a wide range of whistles and clicks not said here beluga sometimes property vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A beluga is also a very large fish, a kind of sturgeon, whose eggs are sold as expensive caviar.
The tree, 19 words det nsubj cop advmod det advmod amod punct det conj case nmod punct nmod:poss nsubj:pass aux:pass acl case amod obl punct root A DET beluga NOUN is AUX also ADV a DET very ADV large ADJ fish NOUN , PUNCT a DET kind NOUN of ADP sturgeon NOUN , PUNCT whose PRON eggs NOUN are AUX sold VERB as ADP expensive ADJ caviar NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 beluga det 2 beluga beluga NOUN Number=Sing 8 fish nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 fish cop 4 also also ADV _ 8 fish advmod 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 fish det 6 very very ADV _ 7 large advmod 7 large large ADJ Degree=Pos 8 fish amod 8 fish fish NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 , , PUNCT _ 11 kind punct 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 kind det 11 kind kind NOUN Number=Sing 8 fish conj 12 of of ADP _ 13 sturgeon case 13 sturgeon sturgeon NOUN Number=Sing 11 kind nmod 14 , , PUNCT _ 18 sold punct 15 whose whose PRON Poss=Yes PronType=Rel 16 eggs nmod:poss 16 eggs egg NOUN Number=Plur 18 sold nsubj:pass 17 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 18 sold aux:pass 18 sold sell VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 11 kind acl 19 as as ADP _ 21 caviar case 20 expensive expensive ADJ Degree=Pos 21 caviar amod 21 caviar caviar NOUN Number=Sing 18 sold obl 22 . . PUNCT _ 8 fish punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a beluga a large fish and a kind of sturgeon tree rules 2 sell present · passive eggs as expensive caviar vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
Example 1 The beluga whale is completely white.
det compound nsubj cop advmod punct root The DET beluga NOUN whale NOUN is AUX completely ADV white ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 whale det 2 beluga beluga NOUN Number=Sing 3 whale compound 3 whale whale NOUN Number=Sing 6 white nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 white cop 5 completely completely ADV _ 6 white advmod 6 white white ADJ Degree=Pos root root 7 . . PUNCT _ 6 white punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present the beluga whale completely, white property tree rules
Example 2 Belugas make so many sounds they are called sea canaries.
nsubj advmod amod obj nsubj:pass aux:pass acl:relcl compound xcomp punct root Belugas NOUN make VERB so ADV many ADJ sounds NOUN they PRON are AUX called VERB sea NOUN canaries NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Belugas beluga NOUN Number=Plur 2 make nsubj 2 make make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 so so ADV _ 4 many advmod 4 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 5 sounds amod 5 sounds sound NOUN Number=Plur 2 make obj 6 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 called nsubj:pass 7 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 called aux:pass 8 called call VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 sounds acl:relcl 9 sea sea NOUN Number=Sing 10 canaries compound 10 canaries canary NOUN Number=Plur 8 called xcomp 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 make punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make present Belugas many sounds vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset sound=Product 2 call present · passive many sounds not said here Belugas = beluga vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient
Example 3 A pod of belugas swam up the river.
det nsubj case nmod compound:prt det obj punct root A DET pod NOUN of ADP belugas NOUN swam VERB up ADP the DET river NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 pod det 2 pod pod NOUN Number=Sing 5 swam nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 4 belugas case 4 belugas beluga NOUN Number=Plur 2 pod nmod 5 swam swim VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 up up ADP _ 5 swam compound:prt 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 river det 8 river river NOUN Number=Sing 5 swam obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 swam punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 swim up past a pod of belugas the river vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme river=Trajectory
Example 4 Baby belugas are grey and turn white as they grow.
compound nsubj cop cc conj xcomp mark nsubj advcl punct root Baby NOUN belugas NOUN are AUX grey ADJ and CCONJ turn VERB white ADJ as SCONJ they PRON grow VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Baby baby NOUN Number=Sing 2 belugas compound 2 belugas beluga NOUN Number=Plur 4 grey nsubj 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 grey cop 4 grey grey ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 turn cc 6 turn turn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 grey conj 7 white white ADJ Degree=Pos 6 turn xcomp 8 as as SCONJ _ 10 grow mark 9 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 grow nsubj 10 grow grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 turn advcl 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 grey punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Baby belugas grey property tree rules 2 turn present Baby belugas not said here white property vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme 3 grow present belugas = beluga vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 5 A beluga can move its head from side to side.
det nsubj aux nmod:poss obj case obl case nmod punct root A DET beluga NOUN can AUX move VERB its PRON head NOUN from ADP side NOUN to ADP side NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 beluga det 2 beluga beluga NOUN Number=Sing 4 move nsubj 3 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 move aux 4 move move VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 head nmod:poss 6 head head NOUN Number=Sing 4 move obj 7 from from ADP _ 8 side case 8 side side NOUN Number=Sing 4 move obl 9 to to ADP _ 10 side case 10 side side NOUN Number=Sing 8 side nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 move punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 move can a beluga beluga's head side to side vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent head=Theme from side=Trajectory
Example 6 Belugas have no back fin, which helps them swim under ice.
nsubj det compound obj punct nsubj acl:relcl obj xcomp case obl punct root Belugas NOUN have VERB no DET back NOUN fin NOUN , PUNCT which PRON helps VERB them PRON swim VERB under ADP ice NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Belugas beluga NOUN Number=Plur 2 have nsubj 2 have have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 no no DET PronType=Neg 5 fin det 4 back back NOUN Number=Sing 5 fin compound 5 fin fin NOUN Number=Sing 2 have obj 6 , , PUNCT _ 8 helps punct 7 which which PRON PronType=Rel 8 helps nsubj 8 helps help VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 fin acl:relcl 9 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 helps obj 10 swim swim VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 helps xcomp 11 under under ADP _ 12 ice case 12 ice ice NOUN Number=Sing 10 swim obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 2 have punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present Belugas no back fin vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fin=Patient 2 help present no back fin Belugas = beluga vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent they=Beneficiary clause=Theme 3 swim infinitive Belugas = beluga not said here ice vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme under ice=Trajectory
Example 7 We sang the song «Baby Beluga» in the nursery.
nsubj det obj punct compound appos punct case det obl punct root We PRON sang VERB the DET song NOUN « PUNCT Baby PROPN Beluga PROPN » PUNCT in ADP the DET nursery NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 sang nsubj 2 sang sing VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 song det 4 song song NOUN Number=Sing 2 sang obj 5 « « PUNCT _ 7 Beluga punct 6 Baby Baby PROPN Number=Sing 7 Beluga compound 7 Beluga Beluga PROPN Number=Sing 4 song appos 8 » » PUNCT _ 7 Beluga punct 9 in in ADP _ 11 nursery case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 nursery det 11 nursery nursery NOUN Number=Sing 2 sang obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 sang punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sing speech: express past We the song the nursery vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location song=Theme
Example 8 Beluga caviar comes from a huge fish, not a whale.
compound nsubj case det amod obl punct advmod det conj punct root Beluga PROPN caviar NOUN comes VERB from ADP a DET huge ADJ fish NOUN , PUNCT not PART a DET whale NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Beluga Beluga PROPN Number=Sing 2 caviar compound 2 caviar caviar NOUN Number=Sing 3 comes nsubj 3 comes come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 from from ADP _ 7 fish case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 fish det 6 huge huge ADJ Degree=Pos 7 fish amod 7 fish fish NOUN Number=Sing 3 comes obl 8 , , PUNCT _ 11 whale punct 9 not not PART Polarity=Neg 11 whale advmod 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 whale det 11 whale whale NOUN Number=Sing 7 fish conj 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 comes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come present Beluga caviar from a huge fish and a whale vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from fish=Initial_Location
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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