big Who acts: Big, Bigger, word, difference, We, big box · What happens: mean, not mean, add, ask, be, subtract · To what, where: older, larger, smaller number, 24 crayons, 8, biggest planet · Speech: someone speaks here
«big» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: big in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Big means large in size or amount: a big dog.
nsubj xcomp case obl cc conj punct det amod parataxis punct root Big ADJ means VERB large ADJ in ADP size NOUN or CCONJ amount NOUN : PUNCT a DET big ADJ dog NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Big big ADJ Degree=Pos 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 large large ADJ Degree=Pos 2 means xcomp 4 in in ADP _ 5 size case 5 size size NOUN Number=Sing 3 large obl 6 or or CCONJ _ 7 amount cc 7 amount amount NOUN Number=Sing 5 size conj 8 : : PUNCT _ 11 dog punct 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 dog det 10 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 11 dog amod 11 dog dog NOUN Number=Sing 2 means parataxis 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Big large property vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Big means important or serious: a big day, a big mistake.
nsubj xcomp cc conj punct det amod parataxis punct det amod conj punct root Big ADJ means VERB important ADJ or CCONJ serious ADJ : PUNCT a DET big ADJ day NOUN , PUNCT a DET big ADJ mistake NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Big big ADJ Degree=Pos 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 important important ADJ Degree=Pos 2 means xcomp 4 or or CCONJ _ 5 serious cc 5 serious serious ADJ Degree=Pos 3 important conj 6 : : PUNCT _ 9 day punct 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 day det 8 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 9 day amod 9 day day NOUN Number=Sing 2 means parataxis 10 , , PUNCT _ 13 mistake punct 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 mistake det 12 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 13 mistake amod 13 mistake mistake NOUN Number=Sing 9 day conj 14 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Big important property vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
Meaning 3 Big means older: my big sister.
nsubj obj punct nmod:poss amod obj punct root Big ADJ means VERB older ADJ : PUNCT my PRON big ADJ sister NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Big big ADJ Degree=Pos 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 older old ADJ Degree=Cmp 2 means obj 4 : : PUNCT _ 2 means punct 5 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 sister nmod:poss 6 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 7 sister amod 7 sister sister NOUN Number=Sing 2 means obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Big older tree rules
Meaning 4 Bigger means larger than another; biggest means larger than all the others.
nsubj obj case obl punct amod parataxis obj case det:predet det obl punct root Bigger ADJ means VERB larger ADJ than ADP another DET ; PUNCT biggest ADJ means VERB larger ADJ than ADP all DET the DET others NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Bigger big ADJ Degree=Cmp 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 larger large ADJ Degree=Cmp 2 means obj 4 than than ADP _ 5 another case 5 another another DET PronType=Ind 3 larger obl 6 ; ; PUNCT _ 8 means punct 7 biggest big ADJ Degree=Sup 8 means amod 8 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 means parataxis 9 larger large ADJ Degree=Cmp 8 means obj 10 than than ADP _ 13 others case 11 all all DET PronType=Tot 13 others det:predet 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 others det 13 others other NOUN Number=Plur 9 larger obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Bigger larger vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent large=Topic 2 mean present larger vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent large=Topic
Example 1 Here the word «more» does not mean adding: it asks how big the difference is.
The tree, 15 words advmod det nsubj punct appos punct aux advmod xcomp punct nsubj parataxis advmod ccomp det nsubj cop punct root Here ADV the DET word NOUN « PUNCT more ADJ » PUNCT does AUX not PART mean VERB adding VERB : PUNCT it PRON asks VERB how ADV big ADJ the DET difference NOUN is AUX . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Here here ADV PronType=Dem 3 word advmod 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 word det 3 word word NOUN Number=Sing 9 mean nsubj 4 « « PUNCT _ 5 more punct 5 more more ADJ Degree=Cmp 3 word appos 6 » » PUNCT _ 5 more punct 7 does do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 mean aux 8 not not PART Polarity=Neg 9 mean advmod 9 mean mean VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 10 adding add VERB VerbForm=Ger 9 mean xcomp 11 : : PUNCT _ 13 asks punct 12 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 13 asks nsubj 13 asks ask VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 mean parataxis 14 how how ADV PronType=Int 15 big advmod 15 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 13 asks ccomp 16 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 17 difference det 17 difference difference NOUN Number=Sing 15 big nsubj 18 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 15 big cop 19 . . PUNCT _ 9 mean punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not mean present · do-support the word vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 add speech: assert not said to happen gerund the word not said here vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient 3 ask speech: ask present word vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent 4 is present the difference big property tree rules
Example 2 We always subtract the smaller number from the bigger one.
nsubj advmod det amod obj case det amod obl punct root We PRON always ADV subtract VERB the DET smaller ADJ number NOUN from ADP the DET bigger ADJ one NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 subtract nsubj 2 always always ADV PronType=Tot 3 subtract advmod 3 subtract subtract VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 number det 5 smaller small ADJ Degree=Cmp 6 number amod 6 number number NOUN Number=Sing 3 subtract obj 7 from from ADP _ 10 one case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 one det 9 bigger big ADJ Degree=Cmp 10 one amod 10 one one NOUN Number=Sing 3 subtract obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 subtract punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 subtract present We the smaller number from the bigger one; always property vn multiply-108-2 «NP V NP PP.co-theme»: agent=Agent number=Theme from one=Co-Theme
Example 3 A big box holds 24 crayons and a small box holds 8.
det amod nsubj nummod obj cc det amod nsubj conj obj punct root A DET big ADJ box NOUN holds VERB 24 NUM crayons NOUN and CCONJ a DET small ADJ box NOUN holds VERB 8 NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 box det 2 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 3 box amod 3 box box NOUN Number=Sing 4 holds nsubj 4 holds hold VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 24 24 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 crayons nummod 6 crayons crayon NOUN Number=Plur 4 holds obj 7 and and CCONJ _ 11 holds cc 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 box det 9 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 10 box amod 10 box box NOUN Number=Sing 11 holds nsubj 11 holds hold VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 holds conj 12 8 8 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 11 holds obj 13 . . PUNCT _ 4 holds punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hold present a big box 24 crayons vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent crayon=Theme 2 hold present a small box 8 vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 8=Theme
Example 4 An elephant is bigger than a horse.
det nsubj cop case det obl punct root An DET elephant NOUN is AUX bigger ADJ than ADP a DET horse NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 elephant det 2 elephant elephant NOUN Number=Sing 4 bigger nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 bigger cop 4 bigger big ADJ Degree=Cmp root root 5 than than ADP _ 7 horse case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 horse det 7 horse horse NOUN Number=Sing 4 bigger obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 bigger punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present a elephant than a horse; big property tree rules
Example 5 Jupiter is the biggest planet.
nsubj cop det amod punct root Jupiter PROPN is AUX the DET biggest ADJ planet NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Jupiter Jupiter PROPN Number=Sing 5 planet nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 planet cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 planet det 4 biggest big ADJ Degree=Sup 5 planet amod 5 planet planet NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 . . PUNCT _ 5 planet punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Jupiter the biggest planet tree rules
Example 6 Tomorrow is a big day: the school play!
nsubj cop det amod punct det compound conj punct root Tomorrow NOUN is AUX a DET big ADJ day NOUN : PUNCT the DET school NOUN play NOUN ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Tomorrow tomorrow NOUN Number=Sing 5 day nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 day cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 day det 4 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 5 day amod 5 day day NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 : : PUNCT _ 9 play punct 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 play det 8 school school NOUN Number=Sing 9 play compound 9 play play NOUN Number=Sing 5 day conj 10 ! ! PUNCT _ 5 day punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Tomorrow a big day and the school play tree rules
Example 7 My big brother helps me with homework.
nmod:poss amod nsubj obj case obl punct root My PRON big ADJ brother NOUN helps VERB me PRON with ADP homework NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 brother nmod:poss 2 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 3 brother amod 3 brother brother NOUN Number=Sing 4 helps nsubj 4 helps help VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 4 helps obj 6 with with ADP _ 7 homework case 7 homework homework NOUN Number=Sing 4 helps obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 helps punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 help present My big brother me with homework vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent i=Beneficiary with homework=Theme
Example 8 Which number is bigger, 45 or 54?
det nsubj cop punct obl cc conj punct root Which DET number NOUN is AUX bigger ADJ , PUNCT 45 NUM or CCONJ 54 NUM ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Which which DET PronType=Int 2 number det 2 number number NOUN Number=Sing 4 bigger nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 bigger cop 4 bigger big ADJ Degree=Cmp root root 5 , , PUNCT _ 6 45 punct 6 45 45 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 bigger obl 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 54 cc 8 54 54 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 45 conj 9 ? ? PUNCT _ 4 bigger punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present which number 45 obl ; big property tree rules
Example 9 "Was he as big as this?"
punct cop nsubj advmod case obl punct punct root " PUNCT Was AUX he PRON as ADV big ADJ as ADP this PRON ? PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 5 big punct 2 Was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 big cop 3 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 big nsubj 4 as as ADV _ 5 big advmod 5 big big ADJ Degree=Pos root root 6 as as ADP _ 7 this case 7 this this PRON Number=Sing PronType=Dem 5 big obl 8 ? ? PUNCT _ 5 big punct 9 " " PUNCT _ 5 big punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is in a quote past he as this; big property tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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