birdsong Who acts: birds, We, dawn chorus, birdsong, poem, You · What happens: make, wake, be, record, identify, fill · To what, where: musical sounds, birdsong, school garden, birds, quiet woods
«birdsong» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: birdsong in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 The musical sounds that birds make, especially in the early morning and in spring.
The tree, 14 words det amod obj nsubj acl:relcl punct advmod case det amod parataxis cc case conj punct root The DET musical ADJ sounds NOUN that PRON birds NOUN make VERB , PUNCT especially ADV in ADP the DET early ADJ morning NOUN and CCONJ in ADP spring NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 sounds det 2 musical musical ADJ Degree=Pos 3 sounds amod 3 sounds sound NOUN Number=Plur root root 4 that that PRON PronType=Rel 6 make obj 5 birds bird NOUN Number=Plur 6 make nsubj 6 make make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 sounds acl:relcl 7 , , PUNCT _ 12 morning punct 8 especially especially ADV _ 12 morning advmod 9 in in ADP _ 12 morning case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 morning det 11 early early ADJ Degree=Pos 12 morning amod 12 morning morning NOUN Number=Sing 6 make parataxis 13 and and CCONJ _ 15 spring cc 14 in in ADP _ 15 spring case 15 spring spring NOUN Number=Sing 12 morning conj 16 . . PUNCT _ 3 sounds punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make present birds the musical sounds vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Product
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Example 1 We woke to birdsong outside the tent.
nsubj case obl case det nmod punct root We PRON woke VERB to ADP birdsong NOUN outside ADP the DET tent NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 woke nsubj 2 woke wake VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 to to ADP _ 4 birdsong case 4 birdsong birdsong NOUN Number=Sing 2 woke obl 5 outside outside ADP _ 7 tent case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 tent det 7 tent tent NOUN Number=Sing 4 birdsong nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 woke punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wake past We to birdsong outside the tent vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Example 2 The dawn chorus is full of birdsong in May.
det compound nsubj cop case obl case nmod punct root The DET dawn NOUN chorus NOUN is AUX full ADJ of ADP birdsong NOUN in ADP May PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 chorus det 2 dawn dawn NOUN Number=Sing 3 chorus compound 3 chorus chorus NOUN Number=Sing 5 full nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 full cop 5 full full ADJ Degree=Pos root root 6 of of ADP _ 7 birdsong case 7 birdsong birdsong NOUN Number=Sing 5 full obl 8 in in ADP _ 9 May case 9 May May PROPN Number=Sing 7 birdsong nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 full punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present the dawn chorus of birdsong in May; full property tree rules
Example 3 We recorded birdsong in the school garden.
nsubj obj case det compound obl punct root We PRON recorded VERB birdsong NOUN in ADP the DET school NOUN garden NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 recorded nsubj 2 recorded record VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 birdsong birdsong NOUN Number=Sing 2 recorded obj 4 in in ADP _ 7 garden case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 garden det 6 school school NOUN Number=Sing 7 garden compound 7 garden garden NOUN Number=Sing 2 recorded obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 recorded punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 record past We birdsong the school garden vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent birdsong=Theme in garden=Destination
Example 4 A blackbird's birdsong is loud and sweet.
det nmod:poss case nsubj cop cc conj punct root A DET blackbird NOUN 's PART birdsong NOUN is AUX loud ADJ and CCONJ sweet ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 blackbird det 2 blackbird blackbird NOUN Number=Sing 4 birdsong nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 blackbird case 4 birdsong birdsong NOUN Number=Sing 6 loud nsubj 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 loud cop 6 loud loud ADJ Degree=Pos root root 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 sweet cc 8 sweet sweet ADJ Degree=Pos 6 loud conj 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 loud punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present a blackbird's birdsong loud property tree rules 2 be a blackbird's birdsong not said here tree rules
Example 5 The poem was about birdsong after rain.
det nsubj cop case case nmod punct root The DET poem NOUN was AUX about ADP birdsong NOUN after ADP rain NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 poem det 2 poem poem NOUN Number=Sing 5 birdsong nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 birdsong cop 4 about about ADP _ 5 birdsong case 5 birdsong birdsong NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 after after ADP _ 7 rain case 7 rain rain NOUN Number=Sing 5 birdsong nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 birdsong punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past the poem after rain about birdsong tree rules
Example 6 You can identify birds by their birdsong.
nsubj aux obj case nmod:poss obl punct root You PRON can AUX identify VERB birds NOUN by ADP their PRON birdsong NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 You you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 3 identify nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 identify aux 3 identify identify VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 birds bird NOUN Number=Plur 3 identify obj 5 by by ADP _ 7 birdsong case 6 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 birdsong nmod:poss 7 birdsong birdsong NOUN Number=Sing 3 identify obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 identify punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 identify can You birds by birds's birdsong vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent bird=Theme
Example 7 The quiet woods were filled with birdsong.
det amod nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl punct root The DET quiet ADJ woods NOUN were AUX filled VERB with ADP birdsong NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 woods det 2 quiet quiet ADJ Degree=Pos 3 woods amod 3 woods wood NOUN Number=Plur 5 filled nsubj:pass 4 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 filled aux:pass 5 filled fill VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 with with ADP _ 7 birdsong case 7 birdsong birdsong NOUN Number=Sing 5 filled obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 filled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fill past · passive the quiet woods with birdsong vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Patient with birdsong=Instrument
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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