boundary Who acts: boundary, line, 4, Boundaries, limits, river · What happens: be, mark, hit over, score, run, do · To what, where: line, edge, cricket, ball, limits, boundary
«boundary» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: boundary in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A boundary is a line that marks the edge of an area, like a field, a country or a garden.
The tree, 20 words det nsubj cop det nsubj acl:relcl det obj case det nmod punct case det obl punct det appos cc det conj punct root A DET boundary NOUN is AUX a DET line NOUN that PRON marks VERB the DET edge NOUN of ADP an DET area NOUN , PUNCT like ADP a DET field NOUN , PUNCT a DET country NOUN or CCONJ a DET garden NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 boundary det 2 boundary boundary NOUN Number=Sing 5 line nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 line cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 line det 5 line line NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 that that PRON PronType=Rel 7 marks nsubj 7 marks mark VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 line acl:relcl 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 edge det 9 edge edge NOUN Number=Sing 7 marks obj 10 of of ADP _ 12 area case 11 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 area det 12 area area NOUN Number=Sing 9 edge nmod 13 , , PUNCT _ 16 field punct 14 like like ADP _ 16 field case 15 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 16 field det 16 field field NOUN Number=Sing 7 marks obl 17 , , PUNCT _ 19 country punct 18 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 19 country det 19 country country NOUN Number=Sing 16 field appos 20 or or CCONJ _ 22 garden cc 21 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 22 garden det 22 garden garden NOUN Number=Sing 19 country conj 23 . . PUNCT _ 5 line punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a boundary a line tree rules 2 mark present a line the edge of a area like a field vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent edge=Destination
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 In cricket, the boundary is the edge of the field; hitting the ball over or to it scores 4 or 6 runs.
The tree, 22 words case obl punct det nsubj cop det case det nmod punct parataxis det obj advmod cc case nsubj conj nsubj cc conj ccomp punct root In ADP cricket NOUN , PUNCT the DET boundary NOUN is AUX the DET edge NOUN of ADP the DET field NOUN ; PUNCT hitting VERB the DET ball NOUN over ADV or CCONJ to ADP it PRON scores VERB 4 NUM or CCONJ 6 NUM runs VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 cricket case 2 cricket cricket NOUN Number=Sing 8 edge obl 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 cricket punct 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 boundary det 5 boundary boundary NOUN Number=Sing 8 edge nsubj 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 edge cop 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 edge det 8 edge edge NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 of of ADP _ 11 field case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 field det 11 field field NOUN Number=Sing 8 edge nmod 12 ; ; PUNCT _ 13 hitting punct 13 hitting hit VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 8 edge parataxis 14 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 15 ball det 15 ball ball NOUN Number=Sing 13 hitting obj 16 over over ADV _ 13 hitting advmod 17 or or CCONJ _ 20 scores cc 18 to to ADP _ 20 scores case 19 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 20 scores nsubj 20 scores score VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 hitting conj 21 4 4 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 24 runs nsubj 22 or or CCONJ _ 23 6 cc 23 6 6 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 21 4 conj 24 runs run VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 20 scores ccomp 25 . . PUNCT _ 8 edge punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the boundary the edge cricket of the field tree rules 2 hit over gerund the ball over property vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme ball=Co-Theme 3 score present boundary tree rules 4 run present 4 vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Meaning 3 Boundaries are limits on what is OK to do, like personal boundaries.
nsubj cop case nsubj cop acl mark xcomp punct case amod obl punct root Boundaries NOUN are AUX limits NOUN on ADP what PRON is AUX OK ADJ to PART do VERB , PUNCT like ADP personal ADJ boundaries NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Boundaries boundary NOUN Number=Plur 3 limits nsubj 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 limits cop 3 limits limit NOUN Number=Plur root root 4 on on ADP _ 7 OK case 5 what what PRON PronType=Int 7 OK nsubj 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 OK cop 7 OK ok ADJ Degree=Pos 3 limits acl 8 to to PART _ 9 do mark 9 do do VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 OK xcomp 10 , , PUNCT _ 13 boundaries punct 11 like like ADP _ 13 boundaries case 12 personal personal ADJ Degree=Pos 13 boundaries amod 13 boundaries boundary NOUN Number=Plur 9 do obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 3 limits punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Boundaries limits tree rules 2 is present limits ok property tree rules 3 do to-infinitive limits not said here like personal boundaries vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 1 The river is the boundary between the two towns.
det nsubj cop det case det nummod nmod punct root The DET river NOUN is AUX the DET boundary NOUN between ADP the DET two NUM towns NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 river det 2 river river NOUN Number=Sing 5 boundary nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 boundary cop 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 boundary det 5 boundary boundary NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 between between ADP _ 9 towns case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 towns det 8 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 9 towns nummod 9 towns town NOUN Number=Plur 5 boundary nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 boundary punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the river the boundary between the two towns tree rules
Example 2 Stay inside the playground boundary.
case det compound obl punct root Stay VERB inside ADP the DET playground NOUN boundary NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Stay stay VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 inside inside ADP _ 5 boundary case 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 boundary det 4 playground playground NOUN Number=Sing 5 boundary compound 5 boundary boundary NOUN Number=Sing 1 Stay obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 1 Stay punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stay imperative you not said here the playground boundary vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme inside boundary=Location
Example 3 He hit a boundary for four runs.
nsubj det obj case obl conj punct root He PRON hit VERB a DET boundary NOUN for ADP four NUM runs VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 hit nsubj 2 hit hit VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 boundary det 4 boundary boundary NOUN Number=Sing 2 hit obj 5 for for ADP _ 6 four case 6 four four NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 2 hit obl 7 runs run VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 hit conj 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 hit punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hit past He a boundary for four vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme boundary=Co-Theme 2 run present He not said here vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 4 The perimeter is the length of the boundary of a shape.
det nsubj cop det case det nmod case det nmod punct root The DET perimeter NOUN is AUX the DET length NOUN of ADP the DET boundary NOUN of ADP a DET shape NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 perimeter det 2 perimeter perimeter NOUN Number=Sing 5 length nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 length cop 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 length det 5 length length NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 of of ADP _ 8 boundary case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 boundary det 8 boundary boundary NOUN Number=Sing 5 length nmod 9 of of ADP _ 11 shape case 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 shape det 11 shape shape NOUN Number=Sing 8 boundary nmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 5 length punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the perimeter the length of the boundary of a shape tree rules
Example 5 It's okay to set boundaries with friends.
nsubj cop mark csubj obj case obl punct root It PRON 's AUX okay ADJ to PART set VERB boundaries NOUN with ADP friends NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 okay nsubj 2 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 okay cop 3 okay okay ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 to to PART _ 5 set mark 5 set set VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 okay csubj 6 boundaries boundary NOUN Number=Plur 5 set obj 7 with with ADP _ 8 friends case 8 friends friend NOUN Number=Plur 5 set obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 okay punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present It okay property tree rules 2 set to-infinitive boundaries with friends vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent boundary=Patient with friend=Instrument
Example 6 The fence marks the boundary of our garden.
det nsubj det obj case nmod:poss nmod punct root The DET fence NOUN marks VERB the DET boundary NOUN of ADP our PRON garden NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 fence det 2 fence fence NOUN Number=Sing 3 marks nsubj 3 marks mark VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 boundary det 5 boundary boundary NOUN Number=Sing 3 marks obj 6 of of ADP _ 8 garden case 7 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 garden nmod:poss 8 garden garden NOUN Number=Sing 5 boundary nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 marks punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mark present the fence the boundary of our garden vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent boundary=Destination
Example 7 She scored 3 fours and 2 sixes, so 24 runs in boundaries.
nsubj nummod obj cc nummod conj punct advmod nsubj conj case obl punct root She PRON scored VERB 3 NUM fours NOUN and CCONJ 2 NUM sixes NOUN , PUNCT so ADV 24 NUM runs VERB in ADP boundaries NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 scored nsubj 2 scored score VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 fours nummod 4 fours four NOUN Number=Plur 2 scored obj 5 and and CCONJ _ 7 sixes cc 6 2 2 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 7 sixes nummod 7 sixes six NOUN Number=Plur 4 fours conj 8 , , PUNCT _ 11 runs punct 9 so so ADV _ 10 24 advmod 10 24 24 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 11 runs nsubj 11 runs run VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 scored conj 12 in in ADP _ 13 boundaries case 13 boundaries boundary NOUN Number=Plur 11 runs obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 2 scored punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 score past She 3 fours and 2 sixes vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent four=Theme 2 run present 24 boundaries vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in boundary=Trajectory
Example 8 The kids pushed the boundaries by staying up late.
det nsubj det obj mark advcl compound:prt advmod punct root The DET kids NOUN pushed VERB the DET boundaries NOUN by SCONJ staying VERB up ADP late ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 kids det 2 kids kid NOUN Number=Plur 3 pushed nsubj 3 pushed push VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 boundaries det 5 boundaries boundary NOUN Number=Plur 3 pushed obj 6 by by SCONJ _ 7 staying mark 7 staying stay VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 3 pushed advcl 8 up up ADP _ 7 staying compound:prt 9 late late ADV Degree=Pos 7 staying advmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 pushed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 push past the kids the boundaries vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent boundary=Theme 2 stay up gerund the kids not said here late property vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 9 Storks and pelicans flew after him in feathery bands, to accompany him to the boundaries of the garden.
The tree, 18 words nsubj cc conj case obl case amod obl punct mark conj obj case det obl case det nmod punct root Storks NOUN and CCONJ pelicans NOUN flew VERB after ADP him PRON in ADP feathery ADJ bands NOUN , PUNCT to PART accompany VERB him PRON to ADP the DET boundaries NOUN of ADP the DET garden NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Storks stork NOUN Number=Plur 4 flew nsubj 2 and and CCONJ _ 3 pelicans cc 3 pelicans pelican NOUN Number=Plur 1 Storks conj 4 flew fly VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 after after ADP _ 6 him case 6 him he PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 flew obl 7 in in ADP _ 9 bands case 8 feathery feathery ADJ Degree=Pos 9 bands amod 9 bands band NOUN Number=Plur 4 flew obl 10 , , PUNCT _ 12 accompany punct 11 to to PART _ 12 accompany mark 12 accompany accompany VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 flew conj 13 him he PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 12 accompany obj 14 to to ADP _ 16 boundaries case 15 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 16 boundaries det 16 boundaries boundary NOUN Number=Plur 12 accompany obl 17 of of ADP _ 19 garden case 18 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 19 garden det 19 garden garden NOUN Number=Sing 16 boundaries nmod 20 . . PUNCT _ 4 flew punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fly past Storks and pelicans feathery bands after him = he vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent in band=Location 2 accompany to-infinitive Storks and pelicans not said here him = he the boundaries of the garden vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent he=Theme to boundary=Destination
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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