braces Who acts: Straps, Supports, cousin, you, Grandpa, orthodontist · What happens: fix, make, go, hold up, hold, use · To what, where: clear pieces, teeth, shoulders, trousers, something, place
«braces» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: braces in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Wires and small metal or clear pieces fixed to the teeth to make them straight over time.
The tree, 17 words cc amod conj cc amod conj acl case det obl mark advcl obj advmod case obl:unmarked punct root Wires NOUN and CCONJ small ADJ metal NOUN or CCONJ clear ADJ pieces NOUN fixed VERB to ADP the DET teeth NOUN to PART make VERB them PRON straight ADV over ADP time NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Wires wire NOUN Number=Plur root root 2 and and CCONJ _ 4 metal cc 3 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 4 metal amod 4 metal metal NOUN Number=Sing 1 Wires conj 5 or or CCONJ _ 7 pieces cc 6 clear clear ADJ Degree=Pos 7 pieces amod 7 pieces piece NOUN Number=Plur 4 metal conj 8 fixed fix VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 pieces acl 9 to to ADP _ 11 teeth case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 teeth det 11 teeth tooth NOUN Number=Plur 8 fixed obl 12 to to PART _ 13 make mark 13 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 fixed advcl 14 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 13 make obj 15 straight straight ADV _ 17 time advmod 16 over over ADP _ 17 time case 17 time time NOUN Number=Sing 13 make obl:unmarked 18 . . PUNCT _ 1 Wires punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fix participle clear pieces not said here to the teeth vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent to tooth=Co-Patient 2 make to-infinitive teeth = tooth time vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset they=Product
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: British — kept apart, not parsed.
Straps that go over the shoulders to hold trousers up; American «suspenders».
The tree, 12 words nsubj acl:relcl case det obl mark advcl obj compound:prt punct amod punct conj punct punct root Straps NOUN that PRON go VERB over ADP the DET shoulders NOUN to PART hold VERB trousers NOUN up ADP ; PUNCT American ADJ « PUNCT suspenders NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Straps strap NOUN Number=Plur root root 2 that that PRON PronType=Rel 3 go nsubj 3 go go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 Straps acl:relcl 4 over over ADP _ 6 shoulders case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 shoulders det 6 shoulders shoulder NOUN Number=Plur 3 go obl 7 to to PART _ 8 hold mark 8 hold hold VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 go advcl 9 trousers trousers NOUN Number=Plur 8 hold obj 10 up up ADP _ 8 hold compound:prt 11 ; ; PUNCT _ 14 suspenders punct 12 American American ADJ Degree=Pos 14 suspenders amod 13 « « PUNCT _ 14 suspenders punct 14 suspenders suspender NOUN Number=Plur 1 Straps conj 15 » » PUNCT _ 14 suspenders punct 16 . . PUNCT _ 1 Straps punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 go present Straps and American suspenders the shoulders vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme over shoulder=Initial_Location 2 hold up to-infinitive Straps and American suspenders not said here trousers vn support-15.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot trousers=Theme
Meaning 3 Supports that hold something firmly in place, such as for a weak knee or a wall.
The tree, 16 words nsubj acl:relcl obj advmod case obl punct case fixed case det amod nmod cc det conj punct root Supports NOUN that PRON hold VERB something PRON firmly ADV in ADP place NOUN , PUNCT such ADJ as ADP for ADP a DET weak ADJ knee NOUN or CCONJ a DET wall NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Supports support NOUN Number=Plur root root 2 that that PRON PronType=Rel 3 hold nsubj 3 hold hold VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 Supports acl:relcl 4 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 3 hold obj 5 firmly firmly ADV _ 3 hold advmod 6 in in ADP _ 7 place case 7 place place NOUN Number=Sing 3 hold obl 8 , , PUNCT _ 14 knee punct 9 such such ADJ Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP 14 knee case 10 as as ADP _ 9 such fixed 11 for for ADP _ 14 knee case 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 knee det 13 weak weak ADJ Degree=Pos 14 knee amod 14 knee knee NOUN Number=Sing 7 place nmod 15 or or CCONJ _ 17 wall cc 16 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 17 wall det 17 wall wall NOUN Number=Sing 14 knee conj 18 . . PUNCT _ 1 Supports punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hold present Supports something place such a weak knee or a wall firmly property vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent something=Theme in place=Location
Meaning 4 The curly brackets { } used in writing and maths.
det amod nsubj:pass nsubj:pass nsubj:pass case obl cc conj punct root The DET curly ADJ brackets NOUN { SYM } SYM used VERB in ADP writing NOUN and CCONJ maths NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 brackets det 2 curly curly ADJ Degree=Pos 3 brackets amod 3 brackets bracket NOUN Number=Plur 6 used nsubj:pass 4 { { SYM _ 6 used nsubj:pass 5 } } SYM _ 6 used nsubj:pass 6 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 7 in in ADP _ 8 writing case 8 writing writing NOUN Number=Sing 6 used obl 9 and and CCONJ _ 10 maths cc 10 maths math NOUN Number=Plur 8 writing conj 11 . . PUNCT _ 6 used punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use participle · passive the curly brackets writing and maths vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
Example 1 My cousin got braces to fix her crooked teeth.
nmod:poss nsubj obj mark advcl nmod:poss amod obj punct root My PRON cousin NOUN got VERB braces NOUN to PART fix VERB her PRON crooked ADJ teeth NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 cousin nmod:poss 2 cousin cousin NOUN Number=Sing 3 got nsubj 3 got get VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 braces brace NOUN Number=Plur 3 got obj 5 to to PART _ 6 fix mark 6 fix fix VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 got advcl 7 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 teeth nmod:poss 8 crooked crooked ADJ Degree=Pos 9 teeth amod 9 teeth tooth NOUN Number=Plur 6 fix obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 got punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 get past My cousin braces vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer brace=Stimulus 2 fix to-infinitive My cousin not said here cousin's crooked teeth vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent tooth=Patient
Example 2 With braces, you must not eat toffee or chew ice.
case obl punct nsubj aux advmod obj cc conj obj punct root With ADP braces NOUN , PUNCT you PRON must AUX not PART eat VERB toffee NOUN or CCONJ chew VERB ice NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 With with ADP _ 2 braces case 2 braces brace NOUN Number=Plur 7 eat obl 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 braces punct 4 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 7 eat nsubj 5 must must AUX VerbForm=Fin 7 eat aux 6 not not PART Polarity=Neg 7 eat advmod 7 eat eat VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 8 toffee toffee NOUN Number=Sing 7 eat obj 9 or or CCONJ _ 10 chew cc 10 chew chew VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 eat conj 11 ice ice NOUN Number=Sing 10 chew obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 7 eat punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not eat must you toffee with braces vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent toffee=Patient 2 chew infinitive you not said here ice vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ice=Patient
Example 3 Grandpa wears red braces to hold up his trousers.
nsubj amod obj mark advcl compound:prt nmod:poss obj punct root Grandpa NOUN wears VERB red ADJ braces NOUN to PART hold VERB up ADP his PRON trousers NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Grandpa grandpa NOUN Number=Sing 2 wears nsubj 2 wears wear VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 red red ADJ Degree=Pos 4 braces amod 4 braces brace NOUN Number=Plur 2 wears obj 5 to to PART _ 6 hold mark 6 hold hold VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 wears advcl 7 up up ADP _ 6 hold compound:prt 8 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 trousers nmod:poss 9 trousers trousers NOUN Number=Plur 6 hold obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 wears punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wear present Grandpa red braces vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent brace=Theme 2 hold up to-infinitive Grandpa not said here Grandpa's trousers vn support-15.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot trousers=Theme
Example 4 The orthodontist tightens the braces every month.
det nsubj det obj det obl:unmarked punct root The DET orthodontist NOUN tightens VERB the DET braces NOUN every DET month NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 orthodontist det 2 orthodontist orthodontist NOUN Number=Sing 3 tightens nsubj 3 tightens tighten VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 braces det 5 braces brace NOUN Number=Plur 3 tightens obj 6 every every DET PronType=Tot 7 month det 7 month month NOUN Number=Sing 3 tightens obl:unmarked 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 tightens punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 tighten present the orthodontist the braces month vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent brace=Patient
Example 5 After a sprain, she wore a brace on her ankle.
case det obl punct nsubj det obj case nmod:poss obl punct root After ADP a DET sprain NOUN , PUNCT she PRON wore VERB a DET brace NOUN on ADP her PRON ankle NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 After after ADP _ 3 sprain case 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 sprain det 3 sprain sprain NOUN Number=Sing 6 wore obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 sprain punct 5 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 wore nsubj 6 wore wear VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 brace det 8 brace brace NOUN Number=Sing 6 wore obj 9 on on ADP _ 11 ankle case 10 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 11 ankle nmod:poss 11 ankle ankle NOUN Number=Sing 6 wore obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 6 wore punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wear past she a brace her ankle after a sprain vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent brace=Theme
Example 6 In maths, the set of even numbers below ten is written {2, 4, 6, 8}.
The tree, 17 words case punct det conj case advmod nmod advmod nsubj:pass aux:pass acl:relcl case obl punct flat punct flat punct nummod conj punct root In ADP maths NOUN , PUNCT the DET set NOUN of ADP even ADV numbers NOUN below ADV ten NUM is AUX written VERB { ADP 2 NUM , PUNCT 4 NUM , PUNCT 6 NUM , PUNCT 8 NUM } NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 maths case 2 maths math NOUN Number=Plur root root 3 , , PUNCT _ 5 set punct 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 set det 5 set set NOUN Number=Sing 2 maths conj 6 of of ADP _ 8 numbers case 7 even even ADV _ 8 numbers advmod 8 numbers number NOUN Number=Plur 5 set nmod 9 below below ADV _ 12 written advmod 10 ten ten NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 12 written nsubj:pass 11 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 written aux:pass 12 written write VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 8 numbers acl:relcl 13 { { ADP _ 14 2 case 14 2 2 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 12 written obl 15 , , PUNCT _ 16 4 punct 16 4 4 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 14 2 flat 17 , , PUNCT _ 18 6 punct 18 6 6 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 14 2 flat 19 , , PUNCT _ 21 } punct 20 8 8 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 21 } nummod 21 } } NOUN Number=Sing 2 maths conj 22 . . PUNCT _ 2 maths punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 write present · passive numbers not said here ten { 2; below property vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
Example 7 He smiled when his braces came off.
nsubj mark nmod:poss nsubj advcl advmod punct root He PRON smiled VERB when SCONJ his PRON braces NOUN came VERB off ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 smiled nsubj 2 smiled smile VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 when when SCONJ _ 6 came mark 4 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 braces nmod:poss 5 braces brace NOUN Number=Plur 6 came nsubj 6 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 smiled advcl 7 off off ADV _ 6 came advmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 smiled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 smile past He vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 come off past his braces off property vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme
Example 8 Clean braces carefully after every meal.
amod advmod case det nmod punct root Clean ADJ braces NOUN carefully ADV after ADP every DET meal NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Clean clean ADJ Degree=Pos 2 braces amod 2 braces brace NOUN Number=Plur root root 3 carefully carefully ADV _ 6 meal advmod 4 after after ADP _ 6 meal case 5 every every DET PronType=Tot 6 meal det 6 meal meal NOUN Number=Sing 2 braces nmod 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 braces punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 9 Besides this, he wore a bear-skin, and great, warm boots, while his sons went with their throats bare and wore no braces, for they were strong men.
The tree, 28 words case obl punct nsubj det compound punct obj punct cc amod punct amod obl punct mark nmod:poss nsubj parataxis case nmod:poss obl xcomp cc conj det obj punct case nsubj cop amod obl punct root Besides ADP this PRON , PUNCT he PRON wore VERB a DET bear NOUN - PUNCT skin NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ great ADJ , PUNCT warm ADJ boots NOUN , PUNCT while SCONJ his PRON sons NOUN went VERB with ADP their PRON throats NOUN bare ADJ and CCONJ wore VERB no DET braces NOUN , PUNCT for ADP they PRON were AUX strong ADJ men NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Besides besides ADP _ 2 this case 2 this this PRON Number=Sing PronType=Dem 5 wore obl 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 this punct 4 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 wore nsubj 5 wore wear VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 skin det 7 bear bear NOUN Number=Sing 9 skin compound 8 - - PUNCT _ 7 bear punct 9 skin skin NOUN Number=Sing 5 wore obj 10 , , PUNCT _ 15 boots punct 11 and and CCONJ _ 15 boots cc 12 great great ADJ Degree=Pos 15 boots amod 13 , , PUNCT _ 12 great punct 14 warm warm ADJ Degree=Pos 15 boots amod 15 boots boot NOUN Number=Plur 5 wore obl 16 , , PUNCT _ 20 went punct 17 while while SCONJ _ 20 went mark 18 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 19 sons nmod:poss 19 sons son NOUN Number=Plur 20 went nsubj 20 went go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 wore parataxis 21 with with ADP _ 23 throats case 22 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 23 throats nmod:poss 23 throats throat NOUN Number=Plur 20 went obl 24 bare bare ADJ Degree=Pos 20 went xcomp 25 and and CCONJ _ 26 wore cc 26 wore wear VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 20 went conj 27 no no DET PronType=Neg 28 braces det 28 braces brace NOUN Number=Plur 26 wore obj 29 , , PUNCT _ 34 men punct 30 for for ADP _ 34 men case 31 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 34 men nsubj 32 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 34 men cop 33 strong strong ADJ Degree=Pos 34 men amod 34 men man NOUN Number=Plur 26 wore obl 35 . . PUNCT _ 5 wore punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wear past he a bear skin besides this; great warm boots obl vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent skin=Source 2 go past his sons with sons's throats; bare property vn help-72.1-2 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent with throat=Beneficiary 3 wear past his sons not said here no braces vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent brace=Theme 4 is past sons = son for strong men tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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