bristle Who acts: hair, fur, you, bristle, toothbrush, bristles · What happens: stand up, be, show, mean, cover, have · To what, where: soft bristles, toothbrush, back, bristles, Dad, hair · Speech: someone speaks here
«bristle» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: bristle in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A short, stiff hair, like the hairs on a toothbrush, a brush or a pig's back.
The tree, 17 words det amod punct amod punct case det conj case det nmod punct det conj cc det nmod:poss case conj punct root A DET short ADJ , PUNCT stiff ADJ hair NOUN , PUNCT like ADP the DET hairs NOUN on ADP a DET toothbrush NOUN , PUNCT a DET brush NOUN or CCONJ a DET pig NOUN 's PART back NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 hair det 2 short short ADJ Degree=Pos 5 hair amod 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 short punct 4 stiff stiff ADJ Degree=Pos 5 hair amod 5 hair hair NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 , , PUNCT _ 9 hairs punct 7 like like ADP _ 9 hairs case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 hairs det 9 hairs hair NOUN Number=Plur 5 hair conj 10 on on ADP _ 12 toothbrush case 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 toothbrush det 12 toothbrush toothbrush NOUN Number=Sing 9 hairs nmod 13 , , PUNCT _ 15 brush punct 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 brush det 15 brush brush NOUN Number=Sing 5 hair conj 16 or or CCONJ _ 20 back cc 17 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 18 pig det 18 pig pig NOUN Number=Sing 20 back nmod:poss 19 's 's PART _ 18 pig case 20 back back NOUN Number=Sing 15 brush conj 21 . . PUNCT _ 5 hair punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Meaning 2 Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.
When an animal's hair or fur stands up stiffly because it is scared or angry.
The tree, 16 words mark det nmod:poss case nsubj cc conj advcl compound:prt advmod mark nsubj cop cc conj punct root When SCONJ an DET animal NOUN 's PART hair NOUN or CCONJ fur NOUN stands VERB up ADP stiffly ADV because SCONJ it PRON is AUX scared ADJ or CCONJ angry ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 When when SCONJ _ 8 stands mark 2 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 animal det 3 animal animal NOUN Number=Sing 5 hair nmod:poss 4 's 's PART _ 3 animal case 5 hair hair NOUN Number=Sing 8 stands nsubj 6 or or CCONJ _ 7 fur cc 7 fur fur NOUN Number=Sing 5 hair conj 8 stands stand VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 14 scared advcl 9 up up ADP _ 8 stands compound:prt 10 stiffly stiffly ADV _ 8 stands advmod 11 because because SCONJ _ 14 scared mark 12 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 14 scared nsubj 13 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 14 scared cop 14 scared scared ADJ Degree=Pos root root 15 or or CCONJ _ 16 angry cc 16 angry angry ADJ Degree=Pos 14 scared conj 17 . . PUNCT _ 14 scared punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stand up present a animal's hair or fur stiffly property vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 is present fur scared property tree rules 3 be fur not said here tree rules
Meaning 3 Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.
To suddenly show you are annoyed or offended.
mark advmod nsubj cop ccomp cc conj punct root To PART suddenly ADV show VERB you PRON are AUX annoyed ADJ or CCONJ offended ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 3 show mark 2 suddenly suddenly ADV _ 3 show advmod 3 show show VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 4 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 6 annoyed nsubj 5 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 annoyed cop 6 annoyed annoyed ADJ Degree=Pos 3 show ccomp 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 offended cc 8 offended offended ADJ Degree=Pos 6 annoyed conj 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 show punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 show to-infinitive suddenly property vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 is present you annoyed property tree rules 3 be you not said here tree rules
Meaning 4 «bristle with» means to be full of or covered with many things.
The tree, 12 words punct nsubj case punct mark cop ccomp obl cc conj case amod obl punct root « PUNCT bristle NOUN with ADP » PUNCT means VERB to PART be AUX full ADJ of ADP or CCONJ covered VERB with ADP many ADJ things NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 bristle punct 2 bristle bristle NOUN Number=Sing 5 means nsubj 3 with with ADP _ 4 » case 4 » » PUNCT _ 2 bristle punct 5 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 to to PART _ 8 full mark 7 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 8 full cop 8 full full ADJ Degree=Pos 5 means ccomp 9 of of ADP _ 8 full obl 10 or or CCONJ _ 11 covered cc 11 covered cover VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 8 full conj 12 with with ADP _ 14 things case 13 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 14 things amod 14 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 11 covered obl 15 . . PUNCT _ 5 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present bristle vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent 2 is not said to happen to-infinitive full property tree rules 3 cover participle with many things vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent with thing=Theme
Example 1 My toothbrush has soft bristles.
nmod:poss nsubj amod obj punct root My PRON toothbrush NOUN has VERB soft ADJ bristles NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 toothbrush nmod:poss 2 toothbrush toothbrush NOUN Number=Sing 3 has nsubj 3 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 soft soft ADJ Degree=Pos 5 bristles amod 5 bristles bristle NOUN Number=Plur 3 has obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present My toothbrush soft bristles vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bristle=Patient
Example 2 Change your toothbrush when the bristles get bent.
nmod:poss obj advmod det nsubj advcl xcomp punct root Change VERB your PRON toothbrush NOUN when ADV the DET bristles NOUN get VERB bent ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Change change VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 toothbrush nmod:poss 3 toothbrush toothbrush NOUN Number=Sing 1 Change obj 4 when when ADV PronType=Int 7 get advmod 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 bristles det 6 bristles bristle NOUN Number=Plur 7 get nsubj 7 get get VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 Change advcl 8 bent bent ADJ Degree=Pos 7 get xcomp 9 . . PUNCT _ 1 Change punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 change imperative you not said here your toothbrush vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent toothbrush=Patient 2 get present the bristles bent property vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer
Example 3 The cat's fur bristled when the big dog came near.
det nmod:poss case nsubj mark det amod nsubj advcl advmod punct root The DET cat NOUN 's PART fur NOUN bristled VERB when SCONJ the DET big ADJ dog NOUN came VERB near ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 cat det 2 cat cat NOUN Number=Sing 4 fur nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 cat case 4 fur fur NOUN Number=Sing 5 bristled nsubj 5 bristled bristle VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 when when SCONJ _ 10 came mark 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 dog det 8 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 9 dog amod 9 dog dog NOUN Number=Sing 10 came nsubj 10 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 bristled advcl 11 near near ADV _ 10 came advmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 5 bristled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 bristle past the cat's fur vn bulge-47.5.3 «NP V»: agent=Location 2 come past the big dog near property vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 4 A hedgehog's back is covered in stiff spines, not soft bristles.
det nmod:poss case nsubj:pass aux:pass case amod obl punct advmod amod conj punct root A DET hedgehog NOUN 's PART back NOUN is AUX covered VERB in ADP stiff ADJ spines NOUN , PUNCT not PART soft ADJ bristles NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 hedgehog det 2 hedgehog hedgehog NOUN Number=Sing 4 back nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 hedgehog case 4 back back NOUN Number=Sing 6 covered nsubj:pass 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 covered aux:pass 6 covered cover VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 7 in in ADP _ 9 spines case 8 stiff stiff ADJ Degree=Pos 9 spines amod 9 spines spine NOUN Number=Plur 6 covered obl 10 , , PUNCT _ 13 bristles punct 11 not not PART Polarity=Neg 13 bristles advmod 12 soft soft ADJ Degree=Pos 13 bristles amod 13 bristles bristle NOUN Number=Plur 9 spines conj 14 . . PUNCT _ 6 covered punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cover present · passive a hedgehog's back in stiff spines and soft bristles vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination in spine=Theme
Example 5 Paint brushes have bristles made of hair or plastic.
compound nsubj obj acl case obl cc conj punct root Paint NOUN brushes NOUN have VERB bristles NOUN made VERB of ADP hair NOUN or CCONJ plastic NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Paint paint NOUN Number=Sing 2 brushes compound 2 brushes brush NOUN Number=Plur 3 have nsubj 3 have have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 bristles bristle NOUN Number=Plur 3 have obj 5 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 bristles acl 6 of of ADP _ 7 hair case 7 hair hair NOUN Number=Sing 5 made obl 8 or or CCONJ _ 9 plastic cc 9 plastic plastic NOUN Number=Sing 7 hair conj 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 have punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present Paint brushes bristles vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bristle=Patient 2 make participle bristles not said here of hair or plastic vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset
Example 6 Dad bristled when someone called him lazy.
nsubj advmod nsubj ccomp obj xcomp punct root Dad NOUN bristled VERB when ADV someone PRON called VERB him PRON lazy ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Dad dad NOUN Number=Sing 2 bristled nsubj 2 bristled bristle VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 when when ADV PronType=Int 5 called advmod 4 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 5 called nsubj 5 called call VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 bristled ccomp 6 him he PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 called obj 7 lazy lazy ADJ Degree=Pos 5 called xcomp 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 bristled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 bristle past Dad tree rules 2 call past someone Dad lazy property vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Recipient
Example 7 The old castle wall bristled with arrows.
det amod compound nsubj case obl punct root The DET old ADJ castle NOUN wall NOUN bristled VERB with ADP arrows NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 wall det 2 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 4 wall amod 3 castle castle NOUN Number=Sing 4 wall compound 4 wall wall NOUN Number=Sing 5 bristled nsubj 5 bristled bristle VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 with with ADP _ 7 arrows case 7 arrows arrow NOUN Number=Plur 5 bristled obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 bristled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 bristle past the old castle wall with arrows vn bulge-47.5.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Location with arrow=Theme
Example 8 If a dog's back hair bristles, give it space.
mark det nmod:poss case compound nsubj advcl punct obj obj punct root If SCONJ a DET dog NOUN 's PART back NOUN hair NOUN bristles VERB , PUNCT give VERB it PRON space NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 If if SCONJ _ 7 bristles mark 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 dog det 3 dog dog NOUN Number=Sing 5 back nmod:poss 4 's 's PART _ 3 dog case 5 back back NOUN Number=Sing 6 hair compound 6 hair hair NOUN Number=Sing 7 bristles nsubj 7 bristles bristle VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 give advcl 8 , , PUNCT _ 7 bristles punct 9 give give VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 10 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 give obj 11 space space NOUN Number=Sing 9 give obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 9 give punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 bristle a condition, not said to happen present back hair vn bulge-47.5.3 «NP V»: agent=Location 2 give imperative you not said here hair vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent it=Recipient space=Theme
Example 9 There sat Gray Brother, every bristle on his back lifted.
expl amod obj punct det nsubj case nmod:poss nmod conj punct root There PRON sat VERB Gray PROPN Brother PROPN , PUNCT every DET bristle NOUN on ADP his PRON back NOUN lifted VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 There there PRON PronType=Dem 2 sat expl 2 sat sit VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 Gray Gray PROPN Number=Sing 4 Brother amod 4 Brother Brother PROPN Number=Sing 2 sat obj 5 , , PUNCT _ 2 sat punct 6 every every DET PronType=Tot 7 bristle det 7 bristle bristle NOUN Number=Sing 11 lifted nsubj 8 on on ADP _ 10 back case 9 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 10 back nmod:poss 10 back back NOUN Number=Sing 7 bristle nmod 11 lifted lift VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 sat conj 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 sat punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sit past Gray Brother there vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location brother=Theme 2 lift past every bristle on bristle's back vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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