buck Who acts: you, ice cream, buck, doe, horse, it · What happens: jump, arch, kick, pass, make, buck up · To what, where: back legs, buck, someone, three bucks, ten bucks, me
«buck» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: buck in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Usage: informal, USA, Canada, Australia, NZ — kept apart, not parsed.
A dollar.
det punct root A DET dollar NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 dollar det 2 dollar dollar NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 . . PUNCT _ 2 dollar punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Meaning 2 A male deer, rabbit or hare.
det amod punct conj cc conj punct root A DET male ADJ deer NOUN , PUNCT rabbit NOUN or CCONJ hare NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 deer det 2 male male ADJ Degree=Pos 3 deer amod 3 deer deer NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 , , PUNCT _ 5 rabbit punct 5 rabbit rabbit NOUN Number=Sing 3 deer conj 6 or or CCONJ _ 7 hare cc 7 hare hare NOUN Number=Sing 3 deer conj 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 deer punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Meaning 3 Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.
Of a horse: to jump with its back arched and kick its back legs.
The tree, 14 words case det obl punct mark case nmod:poss obl advcl cc conj nmod:poss compound obj punct root Of ADP a DET horse NOUN : PUNCT to PART jump VERB with ADP its PRON back NOUN arched VERB and CCONJ kick VERB its PRON back NOUN legs NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Of of ADP _ 3 horse case 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 horse det 3 horse horse NOUN Number=Sing 6 jump obl 4 : : PUNCT _ 6 jump punct 5 to to PART _ 6 jump mark 6 jump jump VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 7 with with ADP _ 9 back case 8 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 back nmod:poss 9 back back NOUN Number=Sing 6 jump obl 10 arched arch VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 jump advcl 11 and and CCONJ _ 12 kick cc 12 kick kick VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 6 jump conj 13 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 15 legs nmod:poss 14 back back NOUN Number=Sing 15 legs compound 15 legs leg NOUN Number=Plur 12 kick obj 16 . . PUNCT _ 6 jump punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 jump to-infinitive of a horse; with horse's back vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme of horse=Trajectory 2 arch participle vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 3 kick infinitive back's back legs vn split-23.2 «NP V NP apart»: agent=Agent leg=Patient
Meaning 4 pass the buck: to make someone else responsible.
det obj punct mark conj obj advmod xcomp punct root pass VERB the DET buck NOUN : PUNCT to PART make VERB someone PRON else ADV responsible ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 pass pass VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 buck det 3 buck buck NOUN Number=Sing 1 pass obj 4 : : PUNCT _ 6 make punct 5 to to PART _ 6 make mark 6 make make VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 1 pass conj 7 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 6 make obj 8 else else ADV _ 7 someone advmod 9 responsible responsible ADJ Degree=Pos 6 make xcomp 10 . . PUNCT _ 1 pass punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pass imperative you not said here the buck vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme buck=Trajectory 2 make to-infinitive you not said here someone responsible property vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset someone=Product
Meaning 5 buck up (informal): cheer up or hurry up.
compound:prt punct parataxis punct punct conj compound:prt cc conj compound:prt punct root buck VERB up ADP ( PUNCT informal ADJ ) PUNCT : PUNCT cheer VERB up ADP or CCONJ hurry VERB up ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 buck buck VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 up up ADP _ 1 buck compound:prt 3 ( ( PUNCT _ 4 informal punct 4 informal informal ADJ Degree=Pos 1 buck parataxis 5 ) ) PUNCT _ 4 informal punct 6 : : PUNCT _ 7 cheer punct 7 cheer cheer VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 1 buck conj 8 up up ADP _ 7 cheer compound:prt 9 or or CCONJ _ 10 hurry cc 10 hurry hurry VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 7 cheer conj 11 up up ADP _ 10 hurry compound:prt 12 . . PUNCT _ 1 buck punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 buck up imperative you not said here vn body_internal_motion-49.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 cheer up infinitive you not said here vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 3 hurry up infinitive you not said here vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 1 The ice cream cost three bucks.
det compound nsubj nummod obj punct root The DET ice NOUN cream NOUN cost VERB three NUM bucks NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 cream det 2 ice ice NOUN Number=Sing 3 cream compound 3 cream cream NOUN Number=Sing 4 cost nsubj 4 cost cost VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 three three NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 6 bucks nummod 6 bucks buck NOUN Number=Plur 4 cost obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 cost punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cost past the ice cream three bucks vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme buck=Value
Example 2 Can you lend me ten bucks?
aux nsubj iobj nummod obj punct root Can AUX you PRON lend VERB me PRON ten NUM bucks NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 lend aux 2 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 3 lend nsubj 3 lend lend VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 lend iobj 5 ten ten NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 6 bucks nummod 6 bucks buck NOUN Number=Plur 3 lend obj 7 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 lend punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lend can you ten bucks me vn give-13.1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent i=Recipient buck=Theme
Example 3 A buck has antlers; a doe does not.
det nsubj obj punct det nsubj parataxis advmod punct root A DET buck NOUN has VERB antlers NOUN ; PUNCT a DET doe NOUN does VERB not PART . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 buck det 2 buck buck NOUN Number=Sing 3 has nsubj 3 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 antlers antler NOUN Number=Plur 3 has obj 5 ; ; PUNCT _ 8 does punct 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 doe det 7 doe doe NOUN Number=Sing 8 does nsubj 8 does do VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 has parataxis 9 not not PART Polarity=Neg 8 does advmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present a buck antlers vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent antler=Patient 2 not do present a doe vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 4 The horse bucked and threw the rider.
det nsubj acl cc det obj punct root The DET horse NOUN bucked VERB and CCONJ threw VERB the DET rider NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 horse det 2 horse horse NOUN Number=Sing 5 threw nsubj 3 bucked buck VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 horse acl 4 and and CCONJ _ 3 bucked cc 5 threw throw VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 rider det 7 rider rider NOUN Number=Sing 5 threw obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 threw punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 buck participle the horse not said here vn body_internal_motion-49.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 throw past the horse the rider vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rider=Theme
Example 5 Buck up, it's not that bad!
compound:prt punct nsubj cop advmod advmod conj punct root Buck VERB up ADP , PUNCT it PRON 's AUX not PART that ADV bad ADJ ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Buck buck VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 up up ADP _ 1 Buck compound:prt 3 , , PUNCT _ 8 bad punct 4 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 bad nsubj 5 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 bad cop 6 not not PART Polarity=Neg 8 bad advmod 7 that that ADV _ 8 bad advmod 8 bad bad ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Buck conj 9 ! ! PUNCT _ 1 Buck punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 buck up imperative you not said here vn body_internal_motion-49.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 not is present it bad, that property tree rules
Example 6 Don't pass the buck: it was your job.
aux advmod det obj punct nsubj cop nmod:poss conj punct root Do AUX n't PART pass VERB the DET buck NOUN : PUNCT it PRON was AUX your PRON job NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Do do AUX Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 3 pass aux 2 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 3 pass advmod 3 pass pass VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 buck det 5 buck buck NOUN Number=Sing 3 pass obj 6 : : PUNCT _ 10 job punct 7 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 job nsubj 8 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 10 job cop 9 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 10 job nmod:poss 10 job job NOUN Number=Sing 3 pass conj 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 pass punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not pass imperative · do-support you not said here the buck vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme buck=Trajectory 2 is a past buck your job tree rules
Example 7 He made a few bucks washing cars.
nsubj det amod obj xcomp obj punct root He PRON made VERB a DET few ADJ bucks NOUN washing VERB cars NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 made nsubj 2 made make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 bucks det 4 few few ADJ Degree=Pos 5 bucks amod 5 bucks buck NOUN Number=Plur 2 made obj 6 washing wash VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 made xcomp 7 cars car NOUN Number=Plur 6 washing obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make past He a few bucks tree rules 2 wash gerund a few bucks not said here cars vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent car=Patient
Example 8 A doe now, or even a young buck?
det advmod punct cc advmod det amod conj punct root A DET doe NOUN now ADV , PUNCT or CCONJ even ADV a DET young ADJ buck NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 doe det 2 doe doe NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 now now ADV PronType=Dem 2 doe advmod 4 , , PUNCT _ 9 buck punct 5 or or CCONJ _ 9 buck cc 6 even even ADV _ 9 buck advmod 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 buck det 8 young young ADJ Degree=Pos 9 buck amod 9 buck buck NOUN Number=Sing 2 doe conj 10 ? ? PUNCT _ 2 doe punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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