buy Who acts: buy, coat, Ben, many cards, Mia, pack · What happens: buy, be, pay, hold, have, leave · To what, where: money, something, good buy, 6 cards, total, 8 packs
«buy» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: buy in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To buy is to get something by paying money for it.
mark csubj cop mark obj mark advcl obj case obl punct root To PART buy VERB is AUX to PART get VERB something PRON by SCONJ paying VERB money NOUN for ADP it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 buy mark 2 buy buy VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 get csubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 get cop 4 to to PART _ 5 get mark 5 get get VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 5 get obj 7 by by SCONJ _ 8 paying mark 8 paying pay VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 5 get advcl 9 money money NOUN Number=Sing 8 paying obj 10 for for ADP _ 11 it case 11 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 paying obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 5 get punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 buy to-infinitive vn accept-77.1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent 2 is present get property tree rules 3 pay gerund money for money vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent money=Asset for it=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A buy is something bought: this coat was a good buy (it was worth the money).
The tree, 16 words det nsubj cop acl punct det nsubj cop det amod conj punct nsubj cop parataxis det obj punct punct root A DET buy NOUN is AUX something PRON bought VERB : PUNCT this DET coat NOUN was AUX a DET good ADJ buy NOUN ( PUNCT it PRON was AUX worth ADJ the DET money NOUN ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 buy det 2 buy buy NOUN Number=Sing 4 something nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 something cop 4 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind root root 5 bought buy VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 something acl 6 : : PUNCT _ 12 buy punct 7 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 8 coat det 8 coat coat NOUN Number=Sing 12 buy nsubj 9 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 12 buy cop 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 buy det 11 good good ADJ Degree=Pos 12 buy amod 12 buy buy NOUN Number=Sing 4 something conj 13 ( ( PUNCT _ 16 worth punct 14 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 16 worth nsubj 15 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 16 worth cop 16 worth worth ADJ Degree=Pos 12 buy parataxis 17 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 18 money det 18 money money NOUN Number=Sing 16 worth obj 19 ) ) PUNCT _ 16 worth punct 20 . . PUNCT _ 4 something punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a buy something tree rules 2 buy participle vn accept-77.1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent 3 is a past this coat a good buy tree rules 4 is past coat worth property tree rules
Example 1 Ben bought 6 cards on Monday and 5 cards on Tuesday. How many cards did Ben buy in total?
Sentence 1: Ben bought 6 cards on Monday and 5 cards on Tuesday.
nsubj nummod obj case obl cc nummod conj case obl punct root Ben PROPN bought VERB 6 NUM cards NOUN on ADP Monday PROPN and CCONJ 5 NUM cards NOUN on ADP Tuesday PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Ben Ben PROPN Number=Sing 2 bought nsubj 2 bought buy VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 6 6 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 cards nummod 4 cards card NOUN Number=Plur 2 bought obj 5 on on ADP _ 6 Monday case 6 Monday Monday PROPN Number=Sing 2 bought obl 7 and and CCONJ _ 9 cards cc 8 5 5 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 9 cards nummod 9 cards card NOUN Number=Plur 6 Monday conj 10 on on ADP _ 11 Tuesday case 11 Tuesday Tuesday PROPN Number=Sing 2 bought obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 bought punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 buy past Ben 6 cards monday; tuesday vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent card=Theme
Sentence 2: How many cards did Ben buy in total?
advmod amod nsubj aux nsubj case obl punct root How ADV many ADJ cards NOUN did AUX Ben PROPN buy VERB in ADP total ADJ ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 How how ADV PronType=Int 2 many advmod 2 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 3 cards amod 3 cards card NOUN Number=Plur 6 buy nsubj 4 did do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 buy aux 5 Ben Ben PROPN Number=Sing 6 buy nsubj 6 buy buy VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 7 in in ADP _ 8 total case 8 total total ADJ Degree=Pos 6 buy obl 9 ? ? PUNCT _ 6 buy punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 buy past · do-support many cards total vn accept-77.1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent
Example 2 Mia buys 8 packs of cards. A pack holds 3 cards.
Sentence 1: Mia buys 8 packs of cards.
nsubj nummod obj case nmod punct root Mia PROPN buys VERB 8 NUM packs NOUN of ADP cards NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mia Mia PROPN Number=Sing 2 buys nsubj 2 buys buy VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 8 8 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 packs nummod 4 packs pack NOUN Number=Plur 2 buys obj 5 of of ADP _ 6 cards case 6 cards card NOUN Number=Plur 4 packs nmod 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 buys punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 buy present Mia 8 packs of cards vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pack=Theme
Sentence 2: A pack holds 3 cards.
det nsubj nummod obj punct root A DET pack NOUN holds VERB 3 NUM cards NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 pack det 2 pack pack NOUN Number=Sing 3 holds nsubj 3 holds hold VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 cards nummod 5 cards card NOUN Number=Plur 3 holds obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 holds punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hold present a pack 3 cards vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent card=Theme
Example 3 Sam has 20 pence and buys a pen for 7 pence. How much money is left?
Sentence 1: Sam has 20 pence and buys a pen for 7 pence.
nsubj nummod obj cc conj det obj case nummod obl punct root Sam PROPN has VERB 20 NUM pence NOUN and CCONJ buys VERB a DET pen NOUN for ADP 7 NUM pence NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Sam Sam PROPN Number=Sing 2 has nsubj 2 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 20 20 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 pence nummod 4 pence pence NOUN Number=Plur 2 has obj 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 buys cc 6 buys buy VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 has conj 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 pen det 8 pen pen NOUN Number=Sing 6 buys obj 9 for for ADP _ 11 pence case 10 7 7 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 11 pence nummod 11 pence pence NOUN Number=Plur 6 buys obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present Sam 20 pence vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pence=Patient 2 buy present Sam not said here a pen for 7 pence vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent pen=Theme for pence=Beneficiary
Sentence 2: How much money is left?
advmod amod nsubj:pass aux:pass punct root How ADV much ADJ money NOUN is AUX left VERB ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 How how ADV PronType=Int 2 much advmod 2 much much ADJ Degree=Pos 3 money amod 3 money money NOUN Number=Sing 5 left nsubj:pass 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 left aux:pass 5 left leave VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 ? ? PUNCT _ 5 left punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 leave present · passive much money vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
Example 4 We buy bread at the bakery.
nsubj obj case det obl punct root We PRON buy VERB bread NOUN at ADP the DET bakery NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 buy nsubj 2 buy buy VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 bread bread NOUN Number=Sing 2 buy obj 4 at at ADP _ 6 bakery case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 bakery det 6 bakery bakery NOUN Number=Sing 2 buy obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 buy punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 buy present We bread the bakery vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source NP.asset»: agent=Agent bread=Theme at bakery=Asset
Example 5 I saved my pocket money to buy a new ball.
nsubj nmod:poss compound obj mark advcl det amod obj punct root I PRON saved VERB my PRON pocket NOUN money NOUN to PART buy VERB a DET new ADJ ball NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 saved nsubj 2 saved save VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 money nmod:poss 4 pocket pocket NOUN Number=Sing 5 money compound 5 money money NOUN Number=Sing 2 saved obj 6 to to PART _ 7 buy mark 7 buy buy VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 saved advcl 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 ball det 9 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 10 ball amod 10 ball ball NOUN Number=Sing 7 buy obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 saved punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 save past I my pocket money vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Theme 2 buy to-infinitive I not said here a new ball vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ball=Theme
Example 6 Mum bought a bag of apples for 3 dollars.
nsubj det obj case nmod case nummod obl punct root Mum NOUN bought VERB a DET bag NOUN of ADP apples NOUN for ADP 3 NUM dollars NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mum mum NOUN Number=Sing 2 bought nsubj 2 bought buy VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 bag det 4 bag bag NOUN Number=Sing 2 bought obj 5 of of ADP _ 6 apples case 6 apples apple NOUN Number=Plur 4 bag nmod 7 for for ADP _ 9 dollars case 8 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 9 dollars nummod 9 dollars dollar NOUN Number=Plur 2 bought obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 bought punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 buy past Mum a bag of apples for 3 dollars vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent bag=Theme for dollar=Beneficiary
Example 7 Can I buy a ticket here?
aux nsubj det obj advmod punct root Can AUX I PRON buy VERB a DET ticket NOUN here ADV ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 buy aux 2 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 buy nsubj 3 buy buy VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 ticket det 5 ticket ticket NOUN Number=Sing 3 buy obj 6 here here ADV PronType=Dem 3 buy advmod 7 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 buy punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 buy can I a ticket here vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ticket=Theme
Example 8 It is cheaper to buy a big pack.
nsubj cop mark xcomp det amod obj punct root It PRON is AUX cheaper ADJ to PART buy VERB a DET big ADJ pack NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 cheaper nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 cheaper cop 3 cheaper cheap ADJ Degree=Cmp root root 4 to to PART _ 5 buy mark 5 buy buy VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 cheaper xcomp 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 pack det 7 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 8 pack amod 8 pack pack NOUN Number=Sing 5 buy obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 cheaper punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present It cheap property tree rules 2 buy to-infinitive a big pack vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pack=Theme
Example 9 “But why did you buy me?
punct cc advmod aux nsubj iobj punct root “ PUNCT But CCONJ why ADV did AUX you PRON buy VERB me PRON ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 “ " PUNCT _ 6 buy punct 2 But but CCONJ _ 6 buy cc 3 why why ADV PronType=Int 6 buy advmod 4 did do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 buy aux 5 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 6 buy nsubj 6 buy buy VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 7 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 6 buy iobj 8 ? ? PUNCT _ 6 buy punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 buy in a quote past · do-support you me vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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