captive Who acts: captive, captive audience, they, pirates, captives, Dad · What happens: be, catch, keep, not allow, leave, mean · To what, where: person, that, sailors, prince, tower, Captive pandas · Speech: someone speaks here
«captive» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: captive in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A captive is a person or animal that has been caught and is kept somewhere and not allowed to leave.
The tree, 20 words det nsubj cop det cc conj nsubj:pass aux aux:pass parataxis cc aux:pass conj advmod cc advmod conj mark xcomp punct root A DET captive NOUN is AUX a DET person NOUN or CCONJ animal NOUN that PRON has AUX been AUX caught VERB and CCONJ is AUX kept VERB somewhere ADV and CCONJ not PART allowed VERB to PART leave VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 captive det 2 captive captive NOUN Number=Sing 5 person nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 person cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 person det 5 person person NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 or or CCONJ _ 7 animal cc 7 animal animal NOUN Number=Sing 5 person conj 8 that that PRON PronType=Rel 11 caught nsubj:pass 9 has have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 caught aux 10 been be AUX Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 11 caught aux:pass 11 caught catch VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 person parataxis 12 and and CCONJ _ 14 kept cc 13 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 14 kept aux:pass 14 kept keep VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 11 caught conj 15 somewhere somewhere ADV PronType=Ind 14 kept advmod 16 and and CCONJ _ 18 allowed cc 17 not not PART Polarity=Neg 18 allowed advmod 18 allowed allow VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 14 kept conj 19 to to PART _ 20 leave mark 20 leave leave VERB VerbForm=Inf 18 allowed xcomp 21 . . PUNCT _ 5 person punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a captive a person or animal tree rules 2 catch present · perfect · passive that vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme 3 keep present · passive somewhere property vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP» 4 not allow participle vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Causer clause=Eventuality 5 leave not said to happen to-infinitive vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Captive means kept and not free: captive animals.
nsubj ccomp cc advmod conj punct amod conj punct root Captive NOUN means VERB kept VERB and CCONJ not PART free ADJ : PUNCT captive ADJ animals NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Captive captive NOUN Number=Sing 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 kept keep VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 means ccomp 4 and and CCONJ _ 6 free cc 5 not not PART Polarity=Neg 6 free advmod 6 free free ADJ Degree=Pos 3 kept conj 7 : : PUNCT _ 9 animals punct 8 captive captive ADJ Degree=Pos 9 animals amod 9 animals animal NOUN Number=Plur 2 means conj 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Captive vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 keep participle vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Meaning 3 A captive audience must listen because they cannot leave.
det amod nsubj aux mark nsubj aux advmod advcl punct root A DET captive ADJ audience NOUN must AUX listen VERB because SCONJ they PRON can AUX not PART leave VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 audience det 2 captive captive ADJ Degree=Pos 3 audience amod 3 audience audience NOUN Number=Sing 5 listen nsubj 4 must must AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 listen aux 5 listen listen VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 because because SCONJ _ 10 leave mark 7 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 leave nsubj 8 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 10 leave aux 9 not not PART Polarity=Neg 10 leave advmod 10 leave leave VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 listen advcl 11 . . PUNCT _ 5 listen punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 listen must a captive audience vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent 2 not leave can they vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 1 The pirates took the sailors captive.
det nsubj det obj xcomp punct root The DET pirates NOUN took VERB the DET sailors NOUN captive ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 pirates det 2 pirates pirate NOUN Number=Plur 3 took nsubj 3 took take VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 sailors det 5 sailors sailor NOUN Number=Plur 3 took obj 6 captive captive ADJ Degree=Pos 3 took xcomp 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 took punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 take past the pirates the sailors captive property vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sailor=Theme
Example 2 The prince was held captive in a tower.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass xcomp case det obl punct root The DET prince NOUN was AUX held VERB captive ADJ in ADP a DET tower NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 prince det 2 prince prince NOUN Number=Sing 4 held nsubj:pass 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 held aux:pass 4 held hold VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 captive captive ADJ Degree=Pos 4 held xcomp 6 in in ADP _ 8 tower case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 tower det 8 tower tower NOUN Number=Sing 4 held obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 held punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hold past · passive the prince a tower captive property vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Theme in tower=Location
Example 3 Captive pandas are bred in zoos to save the species.
amod nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl mark advcl det obj punct root Captive ADJ pandas NOUN are AUX bred VERB in ADP zoos NOUN to PART save VERB the DET species NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Captive captive ADJ Degree=Pos 2 pandas amod 2 pandas panda NOUN Number=Plur 4 bred nsubj:pass 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 bred aux:pass 4 bred breed VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 in in ADP _ 6 zoos case 6 zoos zoo NOUN Number=Plur 4 bred obl 7 to to PART _ 8 save mark 8 save save VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 bred advcl 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 species det 10 species species NOUN Number=Plur 8 save obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 bred punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 breed present · passive Captive pandas zoos tree rules 2 save to-infinitive the species vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent species=Theme
Example 4 The captives escaped at night.
det nsubj case obl punct root The DET captives NOUN escaped VERB at ADP night NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 captives det 2 captives captive NOUN Number=Plur 3 escaped nsubj 3 escaped escape VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 at at ADP _ 5 night case 5 night night NOUN Number=Sing 3 escaped obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 escaped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 escape past the captives night vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 5 On the long bus ride, Dad had a captive audience for his jokes.
The tree, 13 words case det amod compound obl punct nsubj det amod obj case nmod:poss nmod punct root On ADP the DET long ADJ bus NOUN ride NOUN , PUNCT Dad NOUN had VERB a DET captive ADJ audience NOUN for ADP his PRON jokes NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 On on ADP _ 5 ride case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 ride det 3 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 5 ride amod 4 bus bus NOUN Number=Sing 5 ride compound 5 ride ride NOUN Number=Sing 8 had obl 6 , , PUNCT _ 5 ride punct 7 Dad dad NOUN Number=Sing 8 had nsubj 8 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 audience det 10 captive captive ADJ Degree=Pos 11 audience amod 11 audience audience NOUN Number=Sing 8 had obj 12 for for ADP _ 14 jokes case 13 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 14 jokes nmod:poss 14 jokes joke NOUN Number=Plur 11 audience nmod 15 . . PUNCT _ 8 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past Dad a captive audience the long bus ride for Dad's jokes vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent audience=Patient 2 joke Dad nom joke «communication intransitive»: poss=agent
Example 6 The Bible tells of the Israelites held captive in Babylon.
det nsubj case det nsubj ccomp xcomp case obl punct root The DET Bible PROPN tells VERB of ADP the DET Israelites PROPN held VERB captive ADJ in ADP Babylon PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 Bible det 2 Bible Bible PROPN Number=Sing 3 tells nsubj 3 tells tell VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 of of ADP _ 6 Israelites case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 Israelites det 6 Israelites Israelite PROPN Number=Plur 7 held nsubj 7 held hold VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 tells ccomp 8 captive captive ADJ Degree=Pos 7 held xcomp 9 in in ADP _ 10 Babylon case 10 Babylon Babylon PROPN Number=Sing 8 captive obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 tells punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 tell speech: assert present the Bible vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 hold past the Israelites captive property vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 7 Among his captives was a Persian princess, to whom he was warmly attached.
The tree, 13 words case nmod:poss obl cop det amod punct case appos nsubj aux:pass advmod acl:relcl punct root Among ADP his PRON captives NOUN was AUX a DET Persian ADJ princess NOUN , PUNCT to ADP whom PRON he PRON was AUX warmly ADV attached VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Among among ADP _ 3 captives case 2 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 captives nmod:poss 3 captives captive NOUN Number=Plur 7 princess obl 4 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 princess cop 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 princess det 6 Persian persian ADJ Degree=Pos 7 princess amod 7 princess princess NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 , , PUNCT _ 10 whom punct 9 to to ADP _ 10 whom case 10 whom whom PRON PronType=Rel 7 princess appos 11 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 14 attached nsubj 12 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 14 attached aux:pass 13 warmly warmly ADV _ 14 attached advmod 14 attached attach VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 10 whom acl:relcl 15 . . PUNCT _ 7 princess punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past a Persian princess among his captives tree rules 2 attach past · passive he warmly property vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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