caramel Who acts: Caramel, We, Melting, Grandma, Hot caramel, puppy · What happens: be, make, heat, melt, turn, drizzle · To what, where: sweet sticky food, sugar, chewy sweet, light brown colour, caramel sauce, ice cream
«caramel» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: caramel in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Caramel is a sweet, brown, sticky food made by heating sugar until it melts and turns brown.
The tree, 17 words nsubj cop det amod punct conj punct amod acl mark advcl obj mark nsubj advcl cc conj xcomp punct root Caramel NOUN is AUX a DET sweet ADJ , PUNCT brown ADJ , PUNCT sticky ADJ food NOUN made VERB by SCONJ heating VERB sugar NOUN until SCONJ it PRON melts VERB and CCONJ turns VERB brown ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Caramel caramel NOUN Number=Sing 9 food nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 food cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 food det 4 sweet sweet ADJ Degree=Pos 9 food amod 5 , , PUNCT _ 6 brown punct 6 brown brown ADJ Degree=Pos 4 sweet conj 7 , , PUNCT _ 9 food punct 8 sticky sticky ADJ Degree=Pos 9 food amod 9 food food NOUN Number=Sing root root 10 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 9 food acl 11 by by SCONJ _ 12 heating mark 12 heating heat VERB VerbForm=Ger 10 made advcl 13 sugar sugar NOUN Number=Sing 12 heating obj 14 until until SCONJ _ 16 melts mark 15 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 16 melts nsubj 16 melts melt VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 heating advcl 17 and and CCONJ _ 18 turns cc 18 turns turn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 16 melts conj 19 brown brown ADJ Degree=Pos 18 turns xcomp 20 . . PUNCT _ 9 food punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Caramel a sweet sticky food tree rules 2 make participle a sweet sticky food not said here vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset 3 heat gerund sugar vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent sugar=Patient 4 melt present Caramel vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 5 turn present Caramel not said here brown property vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A caramel is a chewy sweet made from sugar, butter and milk.
det nsubj cop det amod acl case obl punct conj cc conj punct root A DET caramel NOUN is AUX a DET chewy ADJ sweet NOUN made VERB from ADP sugar NOUN , PUNCT butter NOUN and CCONJ milk NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 caramel det 2 caramel caramel NOUN Number=Sing 6 sweet nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 sweet cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 sweet det 5 chewy chewy ADJ Degree=Pos 6 sweet amod 6 sweet sweet NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 sweet acl 8 from from ADP _ 9 sugar case 9 sugar sugar NOUN Number=Sing 7 made obl 10 , , PUNCT _ 11 butter punct 11 butter butter NOUN Number=Sing 9 sugar conj 12 and and CCONJ _ 13 milk cc 13 milk milk NOUN Number=Sing 9 sugar conj 14 . . PUNCT _ 6 sweet punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a caramel a chewy sweet tree rules 2 make participle a chewy sweet not said here sugar and butter and milk vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: agent=Asset from sugar=Material
Meaning 3 Caramel is a light brown colour.
nsubj cop det compound amod punct root Caramel NOUN is AUX a DET light NOUN brown ADJ colour NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Caramel caramel NOUN Number=Sing 6 colour nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 colour cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 colour det 4 light light NOUN Number=Sing 6 colour compound 5 brown brown ADJ Degree=Pos 6 colour amod 6 colour colour NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 . . PUNCT _ 6 colour punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Caramel a light brown colour tree rules
Example 1 We drizzled caramel sauce over the ice cream.
nsubj compound obj case det compound obl punct root We PRON drizzled VERB caramel NOUN sauce NOUN over ADP the DET ice NOUN cream NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 drizzled nsubj 2 drizzled drizzle VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 caramel caramel NOUN Number=Sing 4 sauce compound 4 sauce sauce NOUN Number=Sing 2 drizzled obj 5 over over ADP _ 8 cream case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 cream det 7 ice ice NOUN Number=Sing 8 cream compound 8 cream cream NOUN Number=Sing 2 drizzled obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 drizzled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 drizzle past We caramel sauce the ice cream vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent sauce=Theme over cream=Destination
Example 2 Melting sugar turns into caramel.
csubj obj case obl punct root Melting VERB sugar NOUN turns VERB into ADP caramel NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Melting melt VERB VerbForm=Ger 3 turns csubj 2 sugar sugar NOUN Number=Sing 1 Melting obj 3 turns turn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 into into ADP _ 5 caramel case 5 caramel caramel NOUN Number=Sing 3 turns obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 turns punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 melt gerund sugar vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient sugar=Result 2 turn present Melting caramel vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme into caramel=Trajectory
Example 3 Grandma gave us a chewy caramel.
nsubj iobj det amod obj punct root Grandma NOUN gave VERB us PRON a DET chewy ADJ caramel NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Grandma grandma NOUN Number=Sing 2 gave nsubj 2 gave give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 us we PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 gave iobj 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 caramel det 5 chewy chewy ADJ Degree=Pos 6 caramel amod 6 caramel caramel NOUN Number=Sing 2 gave obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 gave punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give past Grandma a chewy caramel us vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent we=Recipient caramel=Theme
Example 4 Hot caramel can burn, so ask an adult.
amod nsubj aux punct advmod conj det obj punct root Hot ADJ caramel NOUN can AUX burn VERB , PUNCT so ADV ask VERB an DET adult NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Hot hot ADJ Degree=Pos 2 caramel amod 2 caramel caramel NOUN Number=Sing 4 burn nsubj 3 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 burn aux 4 burn burn VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 , , PUNCT _ 7 ask punct 6 so so ADV _ 7 ask advmod 7 ask ask VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 burn conj 8 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 adult det 9 adult adult NOUN Number=Sing 7 ask obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 burn punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 burn can Hot caramel vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 ask speech: ask infinitive Hot caramel not said here a adult vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent adult=Recipient
Example 5 Her puppy has a caramel-coloured coat.
nmod:poss nsubj det compound punct amod obj punct root Her PRON puppy NOUN has VERB a DET caramel NOUN - PUNCT coloured ADJ coat NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 puppy nmod:poss 2 puppy puppy NOUN Number=Sing 3 has nsubj 3 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 coat det 5 caramel caramel NOUN Number=Sing 7 coloured compound 6 - - PUNCT _ 5 caramel punct 7 coloured coloured ADJ Degree=Pos 8 coat amod 8 coat coat NOUN Number=Sing 3 has obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present Her puppy a coloured coat vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent coat=Patient
Example 6 Salted caramel is sweet and a bit salty.
amod nsubj cop cc det obl:unmarked conj punct root Salted VERB caramel NOUN is AUX sweet ADJ and CCONJ a DET bit NOUN salty ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Salted salt VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 caramel amod 2 caramel caramel NOUN Number=Sing 4 sweet nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 sweet cop 4 sweet sweet ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 and and CCONJ _ 8 salty cc 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 bit det 7 bit bit NOUN Number=Sing 8 salty obl:unmarked 8 salty salty ADJ Degree=Pos 4 sweet conj 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 sweet punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 salt participle vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent 2 is present Salted caramel sweet property tree rules 3 be Salted caramel not said here a bit tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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