cassia Who acts: spice, Much, Cassia bark, Bright yellow cassia trees, Bible, Cassia · What happens: make, taste, smell, sell, grow, mention · To what, where: spice, bark, tree, gardens, smelling spice, Bible
«cassia» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: cassia in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A spice made from the bark of a tree; it tastes and smells like cinnamon and is often sold as cinnamon.
The tree, 21 words det nsubj acl case det obl case det nmod punct nsubj cc conj case obl cc aux:pass advmod conj case obl punct root A DET spice NOUN made VERB from ADP the DET bark NOUN of ADP a DET tree NOUN ; PUNCT it PRON tastes VERB and CCONJ smells VERB like ADP cinnamon NOUN and CCONJ is AUX often ADV sold VERB as ADP cinnamon NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 spice det 2 spice spice NOUN Number=Sing 12 tastes nsubj 3 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 spice acl 4 from from ADP _ 6 bark case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 bark det 6 bark bark NOUN Number=Sing 3 made obl 7 of of ADP _ 9 tree case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 tree det 9 tree tree NOUN Number=Sing 6 bark nmod 10 ; ; PUNCT _ 12 tastes punct 11 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 12 tastes nsubj 12 tastes taste VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 13 and and CCONJ _ 14 smells cc 14 smells smell VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 tastes conj 15 like like ADP _ 16 cinnamon case 16 cinnamon cinnamon NOUN Number=Sing 14 smells obl 17 and and CCONJ _ 20 sold cc 18 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 20 sold aux:pass 19 often often ADV _ 20 sold advmod 20 sold sell VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 12 tastes conj 21 as as ADP _ 22 cinnamon case 22 cinnamon cinnamon NOUN Number=Sing 20 sold obl 23 . . PUNCT _ 12 tastes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make participle a spice not said here the bark of a tree vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: agent=Asset from bark=Material 2 taste present a spice vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus 3 smell present a spice not said here like cinnamon vn smell_emission-43.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme 4 sell present · passive a spice not said here as cinnamon; often property vn give-13.1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A tree or bush with yellow flowers in warm countries; some kinds are grown in gardens and parks.
The tree, 18 words det nsubj:pass cc conj case amod nmod case amod nmod punct det nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl cc conj punct root A DET tree NOUN or CCONJ bush NOUN with ADP yellow ADJ flowers NOUN in ADP warm ADJ countries NOUN ; PUNCT some DET kinds NOUN are AUX grown VERB in ADP gardens NOUN and CCONJ parks NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 tree det 2 tree tree NOUN Number=Sing 15 grown nsubj:pass 3 or or CCONJ _ 4 bush cc 4 bush bush NOUN Number=Sing 2 tree conj 5 with with ADP _ 7 flowers case 6 yellow yellow ADJ Degree=Pos 7 flowers amod 7 flowers flower NOUN Number=Plur 2 tree nmod 8 in in ADP _ 10 countries case 9 warm warm ADJ Degree=Pos 10 countries amod 10 countries country NOUN Number=Plur 7 flowers nmod 11 ; ; PUNCT _ 15 grown punct 12 some some DET PronType=Ind 13 kinds det 13 kinds kind NOUN Number=Plur 15 grown nsubj:pass 14 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 15 grown aux:pass 15 grown grow VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 16 in in ADP _ 17 gardens case 17 gardens garden NOUN Number=Plur 15 grown obl 18 and and CCONJ _ 19 parks cc 19 parks park NOUN Number=Plur 17 gardens conj 20 . . PUNCT _ 15 grown punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 grow present · passive a tree with yellow flowers in warm countries or bush gardens and parks vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme
Meaning 3 Usage: Bible — kept apart, not parsed.
A sweet-smelling spice mentioned in the Bible, used in holy oil and perfumes.
The tree, 14 words det compound punct amod acl case det obl punct acl case amod obl cc conj punct root A DET sweet ADJ - PUNCT smelling VERB spice NOUN mentioned VERB in ADP the DET Bible PROPN , PUNCT used VERB in ADP holy ADJ oil NOUN and CCONJ perfumes NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 spice det 2 sweet sweet ADJ Degree=Pos 4 smelling compound 3 - - PUNCT _ 2 sweet punct 4 smelling smell VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 5 spice amod 5 spice spice NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 mentioned mention VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 spice acl 7 in in ADP _ 9 Bible case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 Bible det 9 Bible Bible PROPN Number=Sing 6 mentioned obl 10 , , PUNCT _ 11 used punct 11 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 spice acl 12 in in ADP _ 14 oil case 13 holy holy ADJ Degree=Pos 14 oil amod 14 oil oil NOUN Number=Sing 11 used obl 15 and and CCONJ _ 16 perfumes cc 16 perfumes perfume NOUN Number=Plur 14 oil conj 17 . . PUNCT _ 5 spice punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 smell gerund vn smell_emission-43.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 mention speech: other participle a smelling spice not said here the Bible vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent 3 use participle a smelling spice not said here holy oil and perfumes vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 1 Much of the cinnamon sold in supermarkets is actually cassia.
nsubj case det nmod acl case obl cop advmod punct root Much ADJ of ADP the DET cinnamon NOUN sold VERB in ADP supermarkets NOUN is AUX actually ADV cassia NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Much much ADJ Degree=Pos 10 cassia nsubj 2 of of ADP _ 4 cinnamon case 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 cinnamon det 4 cinnamon cinnamon NOUN Number=Sing 1 Much nmod 5 sold sell VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 cinnamon acl 6 in in ADP _ 7 supermarkets case 7 supermarkets supermarket NOUN Number=Plur 5 sold obl 8 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 cassia cop 9 actually actually ADV _ 10 cassia advmod 10 cassia cassia NOUN Number=Sing root root 11 . . PUNCT _ 10 cassia punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sell participle the cinnamon not said here supermarkets vn give-13.1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent 2 is a present Much of the cinnamon cassia actually property tree rules
Example 2 Cassia bark is thicker and rougher than true cinnamon.
compound nsubj cop cc conj case amod obl punct root Cassia NOUN bark NOUN is AUX thicker ADJ and CCONJ rougher ADJ than ADP true ADJ cinnamon NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Cassia cassia NOUN Number=Sing 2 bark compound 2 bark bark NOUN Number=Sing 4 thicker nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 thicker cop 4 thicker thick ADJ Degree=Cmp root root 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 rougher cc 6 rougher rough ADJ Degree=Cmp 4 thicker conj 7 than than ADP _ 9 cinnamon case 8 true true ADJ Degree=Pos 9 cinnamon amod 9 cinnamon cinnamon NOUN Number=Sing 6 rougher obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 thicker punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Cassia bark thick property tree rules 2 be Cassia bark not said here than true cinnamon tree rules
Example 3 Grandma's apple cake smelled of cassia and cloves.
nmod:poss case compound acl case obl cc conj punct root Grandma NOUN 's PART apple NOUN cake NOUN smelled VERB of ADP cassia NOUN and CCONJ cloves NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Grandma grandma NOUN Number=Sing 4 cake nmod:poss 2 's 's PART _ 1 Grandma case 3 apple apple NOUN Number=Sing 4 cake compound 4 cake cake NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 smelled smell VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 cake acl 6 of of ADP _ 7 cassia case 7 cassia cassia NOUN Number=Sing 5 smelled obl 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 cloves cc 9 cloves clove NOUN Number=Plur 7 cassia conj 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 cake punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 smell participle Grandma's apple cake not said here of cassia and cloves vn smell_emission-43.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Location of cassia=Theme
Example 4 Bright yellow cassia trees lined the street in the summer.
amod amod compound nsubj det obj case det obl punct root Bright ADJ yellow ADJ cassia NOUN trees NOUN lined VERB the DET street NOUN in ADP the DET summer NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Bright bright ADJ Degree=Pos 4 trees amod 2 yellow yellow ADJ Degree=Pos 4 trees amod 3 cassia cassia NOUN Number=Sing 4 trees compound 4 trees tree NOUN Number=Plur 5 lined nsubj 5 lined line VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 street det 7 street street NOUN Number=Sing 5 lined obj 8 in in ADP _ 10 summer case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 summer det 10 summer summer NOUN Number=Sing 5 lined obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 5 lined punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 line past Bright yellow cassia trees the street summer vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme street=Destination
Example 5 The Bible lists cassia among the spices for the holy oil.
det nsubj obj case det obl case det amod nmod punct root The DET Bible PROPN lists VERB cassia NOUN among ADP the DET spices NOUN for ADP the DET holy ADJ oil NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 Bible det 2 Bible Bible PROPN Number=Sing 3 lists nsubj 3 lists list VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 cassia cassia NOUN Number=Sing 3 lists obj 5 among among ADP _ 7 spices case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 spices det 7 spices spice NOUN Number=Plur 3 lists obl 8 for for ADP _ 11 oil case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 oil det 10 holy holy ADJ Degree=Pos 11 oil amod 11 oil oil NOUN Number=Sing 7 spices nmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 lists punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 list present the Bible cassia among the spices for the holy oil tree rules
Example 6 Cassia comes from the bark of a tree that grows in southern China.
nsubj case det obl case det nmod nsubj acl:relcl case amod obl punct root Cassia NOUN comes VERB from ADP the DET bark NOUN of ADP a DET tree NOUN that PRON grows VERB in ADP southern ADJ China PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Cassia cassia NOUN Number=Sing 2 comes nsubj 2 comes come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 from from ADP _ 5 bark case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 bark det 5 bark bark NOUN Number=Sing 2 comes obl 6 of of ADP _ 8 tree case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 tree det 8 tree tree NOUN Number=Sing 5 bark nmod 9 that that PRON PronType=Rel 10 grows nsubj 10 grows grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 tree acl:relcl 11 in in ADP _ 13 China case 12 southern southern ADJ Degree=Pos 13 China amod 13 China China PROPN Number=Sing 10 grows obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 2 comes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come present Cassia the bark of a tree vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from bark=Initial_Location 2 grow present a tree southern China vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in china=Location
Example 7 We crushed a stick of cassia in the science lesson to smell it.
nsubj det obj case nmod case det compound obl mark advcl obj punct root We PRON crushed VERB a DET stick NOUN of ADP cassia NOUN in ADP the DET science NOUN lesson NOUN to PART smell VERB it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 crushed nsubj 2 crushed crush VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 stick det 4 stick stick NOUN Number=Sing 2 crushed obj 5 of of ADP _ 6 cassia case 6 cassia cassia NOUN Number=Sing 4 stick nmod 7 in in ADP _ 10 lesson case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 lesson det 9 science science NOUN Number=Sing 10 lesson compound 10 lesson lesson NOUN Number=Sing 2 crushed obl 11 to to PART _ 12 smell mark 12 smell smell VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 crushed advcl 13 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 12 smell obj 14 . . PUNCT _ 2 crushed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 crush past We a stick of cassia the science lesson vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stick=Patient 2 smell to-infinitive We not said here stick vn see-30.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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