cast Who acts: leg, tree, Tom, We, Dad, witch · What happens: throw, put, break, heal, give, make · To what, where: something, plaster, broken arm, actors, light, object
«cast» in the school dictionary: its 8 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: cast in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To throw something, such as a fishing line or a net.
mark obj punct case fixed det compound appos cc det conj punct root To PART throw VERB something PRON , PUNCT such ADJ as ADP a DET fishing NOUN line NOUN or CCONJ a DET net NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 throw mark 2 throw throw VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 throw obj 4 , , PUNCT _ 9 line punct 5 such such ADJ Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP 9 line case 6 as as ADP _ 5 such fixed 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 line det 8 fishing fishing NOUN Number=Sing 9 line compound 9 line line NOUN Number=Sing 3 something appos 10 or or CCONJ _ 12 net cc 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 net det 12 net net NOUN Number=Sing 9 line conj 13 . . PUNCT _ 2 throw punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 throw to-infinitive something vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A hard cover, often of plaster, put around a broken arm or leg so it can heal.
The tree, 17 words det amod punct advmod case appos punct acl case det amod obl cc conj mark nsubj aux advcl punct root A DET hard ADJ cover NOUN , PUNCT often ADV of ADP plaster NOUN , PUNCT put VERB around ADP a DET broken VERB arm NOUN or CCONJ leg NOUN so SCONJ it PRON can AUX heal VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 cover det 2 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 3 cover amod 3 cover cover NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 , , PUNCT _ 7 plaster punct 5 often often ADV _ 7 plaster advmod 6 of of ADP _ 7 plaster case 7 plaster plaster NOUN Number=Sing 3 cover appos 8 , , PUNCT _ 9 put punct 9 put put VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 plaster acl 10 around around ADP _ 13 arm case 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 arm det 12 broken break VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 13 arm amod 13 arm arm NOUN Number=Sing 9 put obl 14 or or CCONJ _ 15 leg cc 15 leg leg NOUN Number=Sing 13 arm conj 16 so so SCONJ _ 19 heal mark 17 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 19 heal nsubj 18 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 19 heal aux 19 heal heal VERB VerbForm=Inf 9 put advcl 20 . . PUNCT _ 3 cover punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 put participle plaster not said here a broken arm or leg vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent around arm=Destination 2 break participle vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient 3 heal can leg vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Meaning 3 All the actors in a play, film or show.
det:predet det case det nmod punct conj cc conj punct root All DET the DET actors NOUN in ADP a DET play NOUN , PUNCT film NOUN or CCONJ show NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 All all DET PronType=Tot 3 actors det:predet 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 actors det 3 actors actor NOUN Number=Plur root root 4 in in ADP _ 6 play case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 play det 6 play play NOUN Number=Sing 3 actors nmod 7 , , PUNCT _ 8 film punct 8 film film NOUN Number=Sing 6 play conj 9 or or CCONJ _ 10 show cc 10 show show NOUN Number=Sing 6 play conj 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 actors punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Meaning 4 To give actors their parts.
mark obj nmod:poss obj punct root To PART give VERB actors NOUN their PRON parts NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 give mark 2 give give VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 actors actor NOUN Number=Plur 2 give obj 4 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 parts nmod:poss 5 parts part NOUN Number=Plur 2 give obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 give punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give to-infinitive actors vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent actor=Recipient part=Theme
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
"She was cast as the queen."
punct nsubj aux:pass case det obl punct punct root " PUNCT She PRON was AUX cast VERB as ADP the DET queen NOUN . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 4 cast punct 2 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 cast nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 cast aux:pass 4 cast cast VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 as as ADP _ 7 queen case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 queen det 7 queen queen NOUN Number=Sing 4 cast obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 cast punct 9 " " PUNCT _ 4 cast punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cast in a quote past · passive She as the queen vn characterize-29.2 «NP V NP S_ING»: subject=Theme as queen=Attribute
Meaning 5 To make light or shadow fall somewhere.
mark obj cc compound conj advmod punct root To PART make VERB light NOUN or CCONJ shadow NOUN fall NOUN somewhere ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 make mark 2 make make VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 light light NOUN Number=Sing 2 make obj 4 or or CCONJ _ 6 fall cc 5 shadow shadow NOUN Number=Sing 6 fall compound 6 fall fall NOUN Number=Sing 3 light conj 7 somewhere somewhere ADV PronType=Ind 2 make advmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 make punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make to-infinitive light or shadow fall somewhere property vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset light=Product
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
"The tree cast a long shadow."
punct det nsubj det amod obj punct punct root " PUNCT The DET tree NOUN cast VERB a DET long ADJ shadow NOUN . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 4 cast punct 2 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 tree det 3 tree tree NOUN Number=Sing 4 cast nsubj 4 cast cast VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 shadow det 6 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 7 shadow amod 7 shadow shadow NOUN Number=Sing 4 cast obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 cast punct 9 " " PUNCT _ 4 cast punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cast in a quote past the tree a long shadow vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shadow=Product
Meaning 6 To make an object by pouring hot liquid metal or plaster into a mould.
The tree, 14 words mark det obj mark advcl amod amod obj cc conj case det obl punct root To PART make VERB an DET object NOUN by SCONJ pouring VERB hot ADJ liquid ADJ metal NOUN or CCONJ plaster NOUN into ADP a DET mould NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 make mark 2 make make VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 object det 4 object object NOUN Number=Sing 2 make obj 5 by by SCONJ _ 6 pouring mark 6 pouring pour VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 make advcl 7 hot hot ADJ Degree=Pos 9 metal amod 8 liquid liquid ADJ Degree=Pos 9 metal amod 9 metal metal NOUN Number=Sing 6 pouring obj 10 or or CCONJ _ 11 plaster cc 11 plaster plaster NOUN Number=Sing 9 metal conj 12 into into ADP _ 14 mould case 13 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 mould det 14 mould mould NOUN Number=Sing 6 pouring obl 15 . . PUNCT _ 2 make punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make to-infinitive a object vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset object=Product 2 pour gerund hot liquid metal or plaster a mould vn pour-9.5 «NP V NP PP.initial_location PP.destination»: agent=Agent metal=Theme into mould=Destination
Meaning 7 To cast a spell or a vote.
mark det obj cc det conj punct root To PART cast VERB a DET spell NOUN or CCONJ a DET vote NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 cast mark 2 cast cast VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 spell det 4 spell spell NOUN Number=Sing 2 cast obj 5 or or CCONJ _ 7 vote cc 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 vote det 7 vote vote NOUN Number=Sing 4 spell conj 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 cast punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cast to-infinitive a spell or a vote vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spell=Product
Meaning 8 To cast someone out means to send them away from a place or a group.
The tree, 15 words mark nsubj obj compound:prt mark xcomp obj advmod case det obl cc det conj punct root To PART cast VERB someone PRON out ADP means VERB to PART send VERB them PRON away ADV from ADP a DET place NOUN or CCONJ a DET group NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 cast mark 2 cast cast VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 5 means nsubj 3 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 cast obj 4 out out ADP _ 2 cast compound:prt 5 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 to to PART _ 7 send mark 7 send send VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 means xcomp 8 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 send obj 9 away away ADV _ 7 send advmod 10 from from ADP _ 12 place case 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 place det 12 place place NOUN Number=Sing 7 send obl 13 or or CCONJ _ 15 group cc 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 group det 15 group group NOUN Number=Sing 12 place conj 16 . . PUNCT _ 5 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cast out to-infinitive someone vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent someone=Product 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 send away not said to happen to-infinitive them = they a place or a group away property vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent they=Theme from place=Source
Example 1 Tom has a cast on his broken arm.
nsubj det obj case nmod:poss amod nmod punct root Tom PROPN has VERB a DET cast NOUN on ADP his PRON broken VERB arm NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Tom Tom PROPN Number=Sing 2 has nsubj 2 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 cast det 4 cast cast NOUN Number=Sing 2 has obj 5 on on ADP _ 8 arm case 6 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 arm nmod:poss 7 broken break VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 8 arm amod 8 arm arm NOUN Number=Sing 4 cast nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present Tom a cast Tom's broken arm vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cast=Patient 2 break participle vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient
Example 2 We all signed her cast.
nsubj advmod nmod:poss obj punct root We PRON all ADV signed VERB her PRON cast NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 signed nsubj 2 all all ADV _ 3 signed advmod 3 signed sign VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 cast nmod:poss 5 cast cast NOUN Number=Sing 3 signed obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 signed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sign past We her cast all property vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent cast=Destination
Example 3 The tree cast a shadow on the grass.
det nsubj det obj case det obl punct root The DET tree NOUN cast VERB a DET shadow NOUN on ADP the DET grass NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 tree det 2 tree tree NOUN Number=Sing 3 cast nsubj 3 cast cast VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 shadow det 5 shadow shadow NOUN Number=Sing 3 cast obj 6 on on ADP _ 8 grass case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 grass det 8 grass grass NOUN Number=Sing 3 cast obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 cast punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cast past the tree a shadow the grass vn throw-17.1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent shadow=Theme on grass=Destination
Example 4 The whole cast bowed at the end of the play.
det amod acl case det obl case det nmod punct root The DET whole ADJ cast NOUN bowed VERB at ADP the DET end NOUN of ADP the DET play NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 cast det 2 whole whole ADJ Degree=Pos 3 cast amod 3 cast cast NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 bowed bow VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 cast acl 5 at at ADP _ 7 end case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 end det 7 end end NOUN Number=Sing 4 bowed obl 8 of of ADP _ 10 play case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 play det 10 play play NOUN Number=Sing 7 end nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 cast punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 bow participle the whole cast not said here at the end of the play vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent at end=Location
Example 5 She was cast as the wolf.
nsubj aux:pass case det obl punct root She PRON was AUX cast VERB as ADP the DET wolf NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 cast nsubj 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 cast aux:pass 3 cast cast VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 as as ADP _ 6 wolf case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 wolf det 6 wolf wolf NOUN Number=Sing 3 cast obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 cast punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cast past · passive She as the wolf vn characterize-29.2 «NP V NP S_ING»: subject=Theme as wolf=Attribute
Example 6 Dad cast his fishing line into the lake.
nsubj nmod:poss compound obj case det obl punct root Dad NOUN cast VERB his PRON fishing NOUN line NOUN into ADP the DET lake NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Dad dad NOUN Number=Sing 2 cast nsubj 2 cast cast VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 line nmod:poss 4 fishing fishing NOUN Number=Sing 5 line compound 5 line line NOUN Number=Sing 2 cast obj 6 into into ADP _ 8 lake case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 lake det 8 lake lake NOUN Number=Sing 2 cast obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 cast punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cast past Dad Dad's fishing line the lake vn build-26.1 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: agent=Agent line=Material into lake=Product
Example 7 The witch cast a spell on the prince.
det nsubj det obj case det obl punct root The DET witch NOUN cast VERB a DET spell NOUN on ADP the DET prince NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 witch det 2 witch witch NOUN Number=Sing 3 cast nsubj 3 cast cast VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 spell det 5 spell spell NOUN Number=Sing 3 cast obj 6 on on ADP _ 8 prince case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 prince det 8 prince prince NOUN Number=Sing 3 cast obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 cast punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cast past the witch a spell on the prince vn throw-17.1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent spell=Theme on prince=Destination
Example 8 The statue was cast in bronze.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl punct root The DET statue NOUN was AUX cast VERB in ADP bronze NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 statue det 2 statue statue NOUN Number=Sing 4 cast nsubj:pass 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 cast aux:pass 4 cast cast VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 in in ADP _ 6 bronze case 6 bronze bronze NOUN Number=Sing 4 cast obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 cast punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cast past · passive the statue bronze vn throw-17.1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: subject=Theme in bronze=Destination
Example 9 Wolf Pack, ye have cast me out too.
nsubj flat punct nsubj:pass aux obj compound:prt advmod punct root Wolf PROPN Pack PROPN , PUNCT ye PRON have AUX cast VERB me PRON out ADP too ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Wolf Wolf PROPN Number=Sing 6 cast nsubj 2 Pack Pack PROPN Number=Sing 1 Wolf flat 3 , , PUNCT _ 1 Wolf punct 4 ye ye PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch 6 cast nsubj:pass 5 have have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 cast aux 6 cast cast VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 7 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 6 cast obj 8 out out ADP _ 6 cast compound:prt 9 too too ADV _ 6 cast advmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 6 cast punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cast out present · perfect · passive Wolf vn build-26.1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP PP»: subject=Beneficiary i=Product
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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