castle Who acts: piece, castle, Knights, We, Many old castles, princess · What happens: build, protect, call, have, guard, be · To what, where: king, rook, four towers, castle gate, sandcastle, beach · Speech: someone speaks here
«castle» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: castle in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A large, strong building with thick walls and towers, built long ago to protect a king, queen or lord from enemies.
The tree, 21 words det amod punct amod case amod nmod cc conj punct conj advmod advmod mark advcl det obj punct conj cc conj case obl punct root A DET large ADJ , PUNCT strong ADJ building NOUN with ADP thick ADJ walls NOUN and CCONJ towers NOUN , PUNCT built VERB long ADV ago ADV to PART protect VERB a DET king NOUN , PUNCT queen NOUN or CCONJ lord NOUN from ADP enemies NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 building det 2 large large ADJ Degree=Pos 5 building amod 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 large punct 4 strong strong ADJ Degree=Pos 5 building amod 5 building building NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 with with ADP _ 8 walls case 7 thick thick ADJ Degree=Pos 8 walls amod 8 walls wall NOUN Number=Plur 5 building nmod 9 and and CCONJ _ 10 towers cc 10 towers tower NOUN Number=Plur 8 walls conj 11 , , PUNCT _ 12 built punct 12 built build VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 building conj 13 long long ADV Degree=Pos 14 ago advmod 14 ago ago ADV _ 12 built advmod 15 to to PART _ 16 protect mark 16 protect protect VERB VerbForm=Inf 12 built advcl 17 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 18 king det 18 king king NOUN Number=Sing 16 protect obj 19 , , PUNCT _ 20 queen punct 20 queen queen NOUN Number=Sing 18 king conj 21 or or CCONJ _ 22 lord cc 22 lord lord NOUN Number=Sing 18 king conj 23 from from ADP _ 24 enemies case 24 enemies enemy NOUN Number=Plur 16 protect obl 25 . . PUNCT _ 5 building punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 build participle ago property vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute 2 protect to-infinitive a king and queen or lord from enemies vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent king=Beneficiary from enemy=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A piece in chess, also called a rook.
det case nmod punct advmod acl det xcomp punct root A DET piece NOUN in ADP chess NOUN , PUNCT also ADV called VERB a DET rook NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 piece det 2 piece piece NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 in in ADP _ 4 chess case 4 chess chess NOUN Number=Sing 2 piece nmod 5 , , PUNCT _ 7 called punct 6 also also ADV _ 7 called advmod 7 called call VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 piece acl 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 rook det 9 rook rook NOUN Number=Sing 7 called xcomp 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 piece punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 call participle a piece in chess not said here a rook vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Meaning 3 Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.
A special chess move with the king and a rook.
det amod compound case det nmod cc det conj punct root A DET special ADJ chess NOUN move NOUN with ADP the DET king NOUN and CCONJ a DET rook NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 move det 2 special special ADJ Degree=Pos 4 move amod 3 chess chess NOUN Number=Sing 4 move compound 4 move move NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 with with ADP _ 7 king case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 king det 7 king king NOUN Number=Sing 4 move nmod 8 and and CCONJ _ 10 rook cc 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 rook det 10 rook rook NOUN Number=Sing 7 king conj 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 move punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 1 The castle has four towers and a moat.
det nsubj nummod obj cc det conj punct root The DET castle NOUN has VERB four NUM towers NOUN and CCONJ a DET moat NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 castle det 2 castle castle NOUN Number=Sing 3 has nsubj 3 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 four four NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 5 towers nummod 5 towers tower NOUN Number=Plur 3 has obj 6 and and CCONJ _ 8 moat cc 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 moat det 8 moat moat NOUN Number=Sing 5 towers conj 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present the castle four towers and a moat vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tower=Patient
Example 2 Knights guarded the castle gate.
nsubj det compound obj punct root Knights NOUN guarded VERB the DET castle NOUN gate NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Knights knight NOUN Number=Plur 2 guarded nsubj 2 guarded guard VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 gate det 4 castle castle NOUN Number=Sing 5 gate compound 5 gate gate NOUN Number=Sing 2 guarded obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 guarded punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 guard past Knights the castle gate vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gate=Beneficiary
Example 3 We built a sandcastle at the beach.
nsubj det obj case det obl punct root We PRON built VERB a DET sandcastle NOUN at ADP the DET beach NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 built nsubj 2 built build VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 sandcastle det 4 sandcastle sandcastle NOUN Number=Sing 2 built obj 5 at at ADP _ 7 beach case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 beach det 7 beach beach NOUN Number=Sing 2 built obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 built punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 build past We a sandcastle the beach vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sandcastle=Product
Example 4 Many old castles are in ruins now.
amod amod nsubj cop case advmod punct root Many ADJ old ADJ castles NOUN are AUX in ADP ruins NOUN now ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Many many ADJ Degree=Pos 3 castles amod 2 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 3 castles amod 3 castles castle NOUN Number=Plur 6 ruins nsubj 4 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 ruins cop 5 in in ADP _ 6 ruins case 6 ruins ruin NOUN Number=Plur root root 7 now now ADV PronType=Dem 6 ruins advmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 6 ruins punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Many old castles ruins now tree rules
Example 5 The princess lived in a castle on a hill.
det nsubj case det obl case det obl punct root The DET princess NOUN lived VERB in ADP a DET castle NOUN on ADP a DET hill NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 princess det 2 princess princess NOUN Number=Sing 3 lived nsubj 3 lived live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 in in ADP _ 6 castle case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 castle det 6 castle castle NOUN Number=Sing 3 lived obl 7 on on ADP _ 9 hill case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 hill det 9 hill hill NOUN Number=Sing 3 lived obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 lived punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 live past the princess a castle on a hill vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in castle=Location
Example 6 In chess, the castle can move in straight lines.
case obl punct det nsubj aux case amod obl punct root In ADP chess NOUN , PUNCT the DET castle NOUN can AUX move VERB in ADP straight ADJ lines NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 chess case 2 chess chess NOUN Number=Sing 7 move obl 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 chess punct 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 castle det 5 castle castle NOUN Number=Sing 7 move nsubj 6 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 7 move aux 7 move move VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 8 in in ADP _ 10 lines case 9 straight straight ADJ Degree=Pos 10 lines amod 10 lines line NOUN Number=Plur 7 move obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 7 move punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 move can the castle chess in straight lines vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V PP.source PP.trajectory PP.destination»: agent=Theme in chess=Source in line=Trajectory
Example 7 The castle walls were three metres thick.
det compound nsubj cop nummod obl:unmarked punct root The DET castle NOUN walls NOUN were AUX three NUM metres NOUN thick ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 walls det 2 castle castle NOUN Number=Sing 3 walls compound 3 walls wall NOUN Number=Plur 7 thick nsubj 4 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 thick cop 5 three three NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 6 metres nummod 6 metres metre NOUN Number=Plur 7 thick obl:unmarked 7 thick thick ADJ Degree=Pos root root 8 . . PUNCT _ 7 thick punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past the castle walls three metres obl:unmarked ; thick property tree rules
Example 8 The ship glided past the castle.
det nsubj case det obl punct root The DET ship NOUN glided VERB past ADP the DET castle NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 ship det 2 ship ship NOUN Number=Sing 3 glided nsubj 3 glided glide VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 past past ADP _ 6 castle case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 castle det 6 castle castle NOUN Number=Sing 3 glided obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 glided punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 glide past the ship the castle vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme past castle=Trajectory
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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