catalyst Who acts: substance, chemical reaction, person, big change, change, Enzymes · What happens: make, go, use up, happen, act, break down · To what, where: chemical reaction, reaction, big change, change, food, peroxide fizz
«catalyst» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: catalyst in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Usage: science — kept apart, not parsed.
A substance that makes a chemical reaction go faster without being used up itself.
The tree, 14 words det nsubj acl:relcl det amod obj xcomp advmod mark aux:pass advcl compound:prt obl punct root A DET substance NOUN that PRON makes VERB a DET chemical ADJ reaction NOUN go VERB faster ADV without SCONJ being AUX used VERB up ADP itself PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 substance det 2 substance substance NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 that that PRON PronType=Rel 4 makes nsubj 4 makes make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 substance acl:relcl 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 reaction det 6 chemical chemical ADJ Degree=Pos 7 reaction amod 7 reaction reaction NOUN Number=Sing 4 makes obj 8 go go VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 makes xcomp 9 faster fast ADV Degree=Cmp 8 go advmod 10 without without SCONJ _ 12 used mark 11 being be AUX Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 12 used aux:pass 12 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 makes advcl 13 up up ADP _ 12 used compound:prt 14 itself itself PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 12 used obl 15 . . PUNCT _ 2 substance punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make present a substance a chemical reaction tree rules 2 go infinitive a chemical reaction not said here fast property vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 3 use up gerund · passive a substance not said here reaction vn eat-39.1 «NP V»
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A person or event that makes a big change happen, or makes it happen sooner.
The tree, 15 words det nsubj cc conj nsubj det amod obj xcomp punct cc conj obj xcomp advmod punct root A DET person NOUN or CCONJ event NOUN that PRON makes VERB a DET big ADJ change NOUN happen VERB , PUNCT or CCONJ makes VERB it PRON happen VERB sooner ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 person det 2 person person NOUN Number=Sing 6 makes nsubj 3 or or CCONJ _ 4 event cc 4 event event NOUN Number=Sing 2 person conj 5 that that PRON PronType=Rel 6 makes nsubj 6 makes make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 change det 8 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 9 change amod 9 change change NOUN Number=Sing 6 makes obj 10 happen happen VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 makes xcomp 11 , , PUNCT _ 13 makes punct 12 or or CCONJ _ 13 makes cc 13 makes make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 makes conj 14 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 13 makes obj 15 happen happen VERB VerbForm=Inf 13 makes xcomp 16 sooner soon ADV Degree=Cmp 15 happen advmod 17 . . PUNCT _ 6 makes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make present a person or event a big change tree rules 2 happen infinitive a big change not said here vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 3 make present a person or event not said here change tree rules 4 happen infinitive change not said here soon property vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 1 Enzymes in your saliva act as catalysts to break down food.
nsubj case nmod:poss nmod case obl mark advcl compound:prt obj punct root Enzymes NOUN in ADP your PRON saliva NOUN act VERB as ADP catalysts NOUN to PART break VERB down ADP food NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Enzymes enzyme NOUN Number=Plur 5 act nsubj 2 in in ADP _ 4 saliva case 3 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 saliva nmod:poss 4 saliva saliva NOUN Number=Sing 1 Enzymes nmod 5 act act VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 as as ADP _ 7 catalysts case 7 catalysts catalyst NOUN Number=Plur 5 act obl 8 to to PART _ 9 break mark 9 break break VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 act advcl 10 down down ADP _ 9 break compound:prt 11 food food NOUN Number=Sing 9 break obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 5 act punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 act present Enzymes in your saliva as catalysts vn masquerade-29.6-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent as catalyst=Attribute 2 break down to-infinitive Enzymes in your saliva not said here food vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Patient
Example 2 A catalyst speeds up a reaction but is not used up.
det nsubj compound:prt det obj cc aux:pass advmod conj compound:prt punct root A DET catalyst NOUN speeds VERB up ADP a DET reaction NOUN but CCONJ is AUX not PART used VERB up ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 catalyst det 2 catalyst catalyst NOUN Number=Sing 3 speeds nsubj 3 speeds speed VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 up up ADP _ 3 speeds compound:prt 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 reaction det 6 reaction reaction NOUN Number=Sing 3 speeds obj 7 but but CCONJ _ 10 used cc 8 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 used aux:pass 9 not not PART Polarity=Neg 10 used advmod 10 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 speeds conj 11 up up ADP _ 10 used compound:prt 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 speeds punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 speed up present a catalyst a reaction vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reaction=Agent 2 not use up present · passive a catalyst not said here vn eat-39.1 «NP V»
Example 3 In the experiment, the catalyst made the hydrogen peroxide fizz quickly.
case det obl punct det nsubj det compound compound obj advmod punct root In ADP the DET experiment NOUN , PUNCT the DET catalyst NOUN made VERB the DET hydrogen NOUN peroxide NOUN fizz NOUN quickly ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 experiment case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 experiment det 3 experiment experiment NOUN Number=Sing 7 made obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 experiment punct 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 catalyst det 6 catalyst catalyst NOUN Number=Sing 7 made nsubj 7 made make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 fizz det 9 hydrogen hydrogen NOUN Number=Sing 10 peroxide compound 10 peroxide peroxide NOUN Number=Sing 11 fizz compound 11 fizz fizz NOUN Number=Sing 7 made obj 12 quickly quickly ADV _ 7 made advmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 7 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make past the catalyst the peroxide fizz the experiment quickly property vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset fizz=Product
Example 4 The new teacher was a catalyst for change in our school.
det amod nsubj cop det case nmod case nmod:poss nmod punct root The DET new ADJ teacher NOUN was AUX a DET catalyst NOUN for ADP change NOUN in ADP our PRON school NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 teacher det 2 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 3 teacher amod 3 teacher teacher NOUN Number=Sing 6 catalyst nsubj 4 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 catalyst cop 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 catalyst det 6 catalyst catalyst NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 for for ADP _ 8 change case 8 change change NOUN Number=Sing 6 catalyst nmod 9 in in ADP _ 11 school case 10 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 11 school nmod:poss 11 school school NOUN Number=Sing 8 change nmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 6 catalyst punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past the new teacher a catalyst for change in our school tree rules
Example 5 The storm was the catalyst that made the town build a stronger sea wall.
The tree, 14 words det nsubj cop det nsubj acl:relcl det obj xcomp det amod compound obj punct root The DET storm NOUN was AUX the DET catalyst NOUN that PRON made VERB the DET town NOUN build VERB a DET stronger ADJ sea NOUN wall NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 storm det 2 storm storm NOUN Number=Sing 5 catalyst nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 catalyst cop 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 catalyst det 5 catalyst catalyst NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 that that PRON PronType=Rel 7 made nsubj 7 made make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 catalyst acl:relcl 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 town det 9 town town NOUN Number=Sing 7 made obj 10 build build VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 made xcomp 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 wall det 12 stronger strong ADJ Degree=Cmp 14 wall amod 13 sea sea NOUN Number=Sing 14 wall compound 14 wall wall NOUN Number=Sing 10 build obj 15 . . PUNCT _ 5 catalyst punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past the storm the catalyst tree rules 2 make past the catalyst the town tree rules 3 build infinitive the town not said here a stronger sea wall vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset wall=Product
Example 6 Rosa Parks's brave act became a catalyst for the bus boycott.
nmod:poss flat case amod nsubj det xcomp case det compound nmod punct root Rosa PROPN Parks PROPN 's PART brave ADJ act NOUN became VERB a DET catalyst NOUN for ADP the DET bus NOUN boycott NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Rosa Rosa PROPN Number=Sing 5 act nmod:poss 2 Parks Parks PROPN Number=Sing 1 Rosa flat 3 's 's PART _ 1 Rosa case 4 brave brave ADJ Degree=Pos 5 act amod 5 act act NOUN Number=Sing 6 became nsubj 6 became become VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 catalyst det 8 catalyst catalyst NOUN Number=Sing 6 became xcomp 9 for for ADP _ 12 boycott case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 boycott det 11 bus bus NOUN Number=Sing 12 boycott compound 12 boycott boycott NOUN Number=Sing 8 catalyst nmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 6 became punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 become past Rosa's brave act a catalyst for the bus boycott vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient 2 act Rosa nom act «communication intransitive»: poss=agent
Example 7 Platinum is a catalyst in a car's exhaust system.
nsubj cop det case det nmod:poss case compound nmod punct root Platinum NOUN is AUX a DET catalyst NOUN in ADP a DET car NOUN 's PART exhaust NOUN system NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Platinum platinum NOUN Number=Sing 4 catalyst nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 catalyst cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 catalyst det 4 catalyst catalyst NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 in in ADP _ 10 system case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 car det 7 car car NOUN Number=Sing 10 system nmod:poss 8 's 's PART _ 7 car case 9 exhaust exhaust NOUN Number=Sing 10 system compound 10 system system NOUN Number=Sing 4 catalyst nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 catalyst punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Platinum a catalyst a car's exhaust system tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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