catapult Who acts: catapult, old war machine, army, We, He, crash · What happens: be, throw, shape, use, shoot, call · To what, where: old war machine, heavy stones, shaped stick, rubber band, small stones, catapult · Speech: someone speaks here
«catapult» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: catapult in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A catapult is an old war machine that throws heavy stones or objects a long way.
The tree, 16 words det nsubj cop det amod compound nsubj acl:relcl amod obj cc conj det amod obl:unmarked punct root A DET catapult NOUN is AUX an DET old ADJ war NOUN machine NOUN that PRON throws VERB heavy ADJ stones NOUN or CCONJ objects NOUN a DET long ADJ way NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 catapult det 2 catapult catapult NOUN Number=Sing 7 machine nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 machine cop 4 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 machine det 5 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 7 machine amod 6 war war NOUN Number=Sing 7 machine compound 7 machine machine NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 that that PRON PronType=Rel 9 throws nsubj 9 throws throw VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 machine acl:relcl 10 heavy heavy ADJ Degree=Pos 11 stones amod 11 stones stone NOUN Number=Plur 9 throws obj 12 or or CCONJ _ 13 objects cc 13 objects object NOUN Number=Plur 11 stones conj 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 16 way det 15 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 16 way amod 16 way way NOUN Number=Sing 9 throws obl:unmarked 17 . . PUNCT _ 7 machine punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a catapult a old war machine tree rules 2 throw present a old war machine heavy stones or objects a long way obl:unmarked vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stone=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: UK — kept apart, not parsed.
A catapult is a Y-shaped stick with a rubber band used to shoot small stones; in the USA it is called a slingshot.
The tree, 24 words det nsubj cop det compound punct amod case det compound nmod acl mark advcl amod obj punct case det obl nsubj:pass aux:pass parataxis det xcomp punct root A DET catapult NOUN is AUX a DET Y NOUN - PUNCT shaped VERB stick NOUN with ADP a DET rubber NOUN band NOUN used VERB to PART shoot VERB small ADJ stones NOUN ; PUNCT in ADP the DET USA PROPN it PRON is AUX called VERB a DET slingshot NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 catapult det 2 catapult catapult NOUN Number=Sing 8 stick nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 stick cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 stick det 5 Y y NOUN Number=Sing 7 shaped compound 6 - - PUNCT _ 5 Y punct 7 shaped shape VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 8 stick amod 8 stick stick NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 with with ADP _ 12 band case 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 band det 11 rubber rubber NOUN Number=Sing 12 band compound 12 band band NOUN Number=Sing 8 stick nmod 13 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 12 band acl 14 to to PART _ 15 shoot mark 15 shoot shoot VERB VerbForm=Inf 13 used advcl 16 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 17 stones amod 17 stones stone NOUN Number=Plur 15 shoot obj 18 ; ; PUNCT _ 8 stick punct 19 in in ADP _ 21 USA case 20 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 21 USA det 21 USA USA PROPN Number=Sing 24 called obl 22 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 24 called nsubj:pass 23 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 24 called aux:pass 24 called call VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 8 stick parataxis 25 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 26 slingshot det 26 slingshot slingshot NOUN Number=Sing 24 called xcomp 27 . . PUNCT _ 8 stick punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 shape participle vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset 2 is a present a catapult a shaped stick with a rubber band tree rules 3 use participle a rubber band not said here vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 4 shoot to-infinitive small stones vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stone=Theme 5 call present · passive catapult the USA vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient
Meaning 3 To catapult means to throw or launch something hard and fast.
mark csubj mark ccomp cc conj obj amod cc conj punct root To PART catapult VERB means VERB to PART throw VERB or CCONJ launch VERB something PRON hard ADJ and CCONJ fast ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 catapult mark 2 catapult catapult VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 means csubj 3 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 to to PART _ 5 throw mark 5 throw throw VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 means ccomp 6 or or CCONJ _ 7 launch cc 7 launch launch VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 throw conj 8 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 7 launch obj 9 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 8 something amod 10 and and CCONJ _ 11 fast cc 11 fast fast ADJ Degree=Pos 9 hard conj 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 catapult to-infinitive vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 throw not said to happen to-infinitive vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer 4 launch infinitive something vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Theme
Meaning 4 To be catapulted into something means to be moved suddenly into a new situation, as in «catapulted to fame».
The tree, 19 words mark aux:pass nsubj case obl mark aux:pass ccomp advmod case det amod obl punct mark mark punct advcl mark xcomp punct punct root To PART be AUX catapulted VERB into ADP something PRON means VERB to PART be AUX moved VERB suddenly ADV into ADP a DET new ADJ situation NOUN , PUNCT as SCONJ in SCONJ « PUNCT catapulted VERB to PART fame VERB » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 3 catapulted mark 2 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 3 catapulted aux:pass 3 catapulted catapult VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 means nsubj 4 into into ADP _ 5 something case 5 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 3 catapulted obl 6 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 to to PART _ 9 moved mark 8 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 9 moved aux:pass 9 moved move VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 means ccomp 10 suddenly suddenly ADV _ 9 moved advmod 11 into into ADP _ 14 situation case 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 situation det 13 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 14 situation amod 14 situation situation NOUN Number=Sing 9 moved obl 15 , , PUNCT _ 19 catapulted punct 16 as as SCONJ _ 19 catapulted mark 17 in in SCONJ _ 19 catapulted mark 18 « « PUNCT _ 19 catapulted punct 19 catapulted catapult VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 9 moved advcl 20 to to PART _ 21 fame mark 21 fame fame VERB VerbForm=Inf 19 catapulted xcomp 22 » » PUNCT _ 19 catapulted punct 23 . . PUNCT _ 6 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 catapult to-infinitive · passive into something result vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.result»: into something=Result 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 move not said to happen to-infinitive · passive a new situation suddenly property vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: into situation=Trajectory 4 catapult in a quote participle tree rules 5 fame in a quote to-infinitive tree rules
Example 1 The army used a catapult to throw stones at the castle walls.
det nsubj det obj mark advcl obj case det compound obl punct root The DET army NOUN used VERB a DET catapult NOUN to PART throw VERB stones NOUN at ADP the DET castle NOUN walls NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 army det 2 army army NOUN Number=Sing 3 used nsubj 3 used use VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 catapult det 5 catapult catapult NOUN Number=Sing 3 used obj 6 to to PART _ 7 throw mark 7 throw throw VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 used advcl 8 stones stone NOUN Number=Plur 7 throw obj 9 at at ADP _ 12 walls case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 walls det 11 castle castle NOUN Number=Sing 12 walls compound 12 walls wall NOUN Number=Plur 7 throw obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 3 used punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use past the army a catapult vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent catapult=Patient 2 throw to-infinitive the army not said here stones the castle walls vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent stone=Theme at wall=Destination
Example 2 We built a lolly-stick catapult in science.
nsubj det compound punct compound obj case nmod punct root We PRON built VERB a DET lolly NOUN - PUNCT stick NOUN catapult NOUN in ADP science NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 built nsubj 2 built build VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 catapult det 4 lolly lolly NOUN Number=Sing 6 stick compound 5 - - PUNCT _ 4 lolly punct 6 stick stick NOUN Number=Sing 7 catapult compound 7 catapult catapult NOUN Number=Sing 2 built obj 8 in in ADP _ 9 science case 9 science science NOUN Number=Sing 7 catapult nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 built punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 build past We a stick catapult science vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent catapult=Product
Example 3 He fired a pea from his catapult.
nsubj det obj case nmod:poss obl punct root He PRON fired VERB a DET pea NOUN from ADP his PRON catapult NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 fired nsubj 2 fired fire VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 pea det 4 pea pea NOUN Number=Sing 2 fired obj 5 from from ADP _ 7 catapult case 6 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 catapult nmod:poss 7 catapult catapult NOUN Number=Sing 2 fired obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 fired punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fire past He a pea his catapult vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent pea=Theme from catapult=Initial_Location
Example 4 The crash catapulted him out of his seat.
det nsubj obj case case nmod:poss obl punct root The DET crash NOUN catapulted VERB him PRON out ADP of ADP his PRON seat NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 crash det 2 crash crash NOUN Number=Sing 3 catapulted nsubj 3 catapulted catapult VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 him he PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 catapulted obj 5 out out ADP _ 8 seat case 6 of of ADP _ 8 seat case 7 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 seat nmod:poss 8 seat seat NOUN Number=Sing 3 catapulted obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 catapulted punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 catapult past the crash him = he crash's seat vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent he=Theme out seat=Destination
Example 5 The song catapulted the band to fame.
det nsubj det obj mark advcl punct root The DET song NOUN catapulted VERB the DET band NOUN to PART fame VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 song det 2 song song NOUN Number=Sing 3 catapulted nsubj 3 catapulted catapult VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 band det 5 band band NOUN Number=Sing 3 catapulted obj 6 to to PART _ 7 fame mark 7 fame fame VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 catapulted advcl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 catapulted punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 catapult past the song the band vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent band=Theme 2 fame to-infinitive the song not said here tree rules
Example 6 We measured how far the catapult could throw a marshmallow.
nsubj advmod advmod det nsubj aux ccomp det obj punct root We PRON measured VERB how ADV far ADV the DET catapult NOUN could AUX throw VERB a DET marshmallow NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 measured nsubj 2 measured measure VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 how how ADV PronType=Int 4 far advmod 4 far far ADV Degree=Pos 8 throw advmod 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 catapult det 6 catapult catapult NOUN Number=Sing 8 throw nsubj 7 could could AUX VerbForm=Fin 8 throw aux 8 throw throw VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 measured ccomp 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 marshmallow det 10 marshmallow marshmallow NOUN Number=Sing 8 throw obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 measured punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 measure past We tree rules 2 throw could the catapult a marshmallow far property vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent marshmallow=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
← previous catalyticnext → cataract↑ back to C in school dictionary This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/C/catapult/