cloak Who acts: loose coat, wizard, thieves, Red Riding Hood, you, It · What happens: hang, fasten, cover, hide, cloak, swirl · To what, where: shoulders, neck, cloak, something, hills, long black cloak
«cloak» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: cloak in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A loose coat without sleeves that hangs from the shoulders and is fastened at the neck.
The tree, 16 words det amod case nmod nsubj acl:relcl case det obl cc aux:pass conj case det obl punct root A DET loose ADJ coat NOUN without ADP sleeves NOUN that PRON hangs VERB from ADP the DET shoulders NOUN and CCONJ is AUX fastened VERB at ADP the DET neck NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 coat det 2 loose loose ADJ Degree=Pos 3 coat amod 3 coat coat NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 without without ADP _ 5 sleeves case 5 sleeves sleeve NOUN Number=Plur 3 coat nmod 6 that that PRON PronType=Rel 7 hangs nsubj 7 hangs hang VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 coat acl:relcl 8 from from ADP _ 10 shoulders case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 shoulders det 10 shoulders shoulder NOUN Number=Plur 7 hangs obl 11 and and CCONJ _ 13 fastened cc 12 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 fastened aux:pass 13 fastened fasten VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 hangs conj 14 at at ADP _ 16 neck case 15 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 16 neck det 16 neck neck NOUN Number=Sing 13 fastened obl 17 . . PUNCT _ 3 coat punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hang present a loose coat without sleeves the shoulders vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 fasten present · passive a loose coat without sleeves not said here the neck vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Something that covers or hides: «under a cloak of darkness».
nsubj acl:relcl cc conj punct punct case det obj case nmod punct punct root Something PRON that PRON covers VERB or CCONJ hides VERB : PUNCT « PUNCT under ADP a DET cloak NOUN of ADP darkness NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind root root 2 that that PRON PronType=Rel 3 covers nsubj 3 covers cover VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 Something acl:relcl 4 or or CCONJ _ 5 hides cc 5 hides hide VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 covers conj 6 : : PUNCT _ 10 cloak punct 7 « « PUNCT _ 10 cloak punct 8 under under ADP _ 10 cloak case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 cloak det 10 cloak cloak NOUN Number=Sing 5 hides obj 11 of of ADP _ 12 darkness case 12 darkness darkness NOUN Number=Sing 10 cloak nmod 13 » » PUNCT _ 10 cloak punct 14 . . PUNCT _ 1 Something punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cover present vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme 2 hide present a cloak of darkness vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cloak=Patient
Meaning 3 Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.
To cover or hide something: «The hills were cloaked in mist.».
The tree, 11 words mark cc conj obj punct punct det nsubj:pass aux:pass appos case obl punct punct punct root To PART cover VERB or CCONJ hide VERB something PRON : PUNCT « PUNCT The DET hills NOUN were AUX cloaked VERB in ADP mist NOUN . PUNCT » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 cover mark 2 cover cover VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 or or CCONJ _ 4 hide cc 4 hide hide VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 2 cover conj 5 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 4 hide obj 6 : : PUNCT _ 11 cloaked punct 7 « « PUNCT _ 11 cloaked punct 8 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 hills det 9 hills hill NOUN Number=Plur 11 cloaked nsubj:pass 10 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 11 cloaked aux:pass 11 cloaked cloak VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 something appos 12 in in ADP _ 13 mist case 13 mist mist NOUN Number=Sing 11 cloaked obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 11 cloaked punct 15 » » PUNCT _ 11 cloaked punct 16 . . PUNCT _ 2 cover punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cover to-infinitive vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme 2 hide infinitive something vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Patient 3 cloak in a quote past · passive the hills in mist vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination in mist=Theme
Example 1 The wizard swirled his long black cloak.
det nsubj nmod:poss amod amod obj punct root The DET wizard NOUN swirled VERB his PRON long ADJ black ADJ cloak NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 wizard det 2 wizard wizard NOUN Number=Sing 3 swirled nsubj 3 swirled swirl VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 cloak nmod:poss 5 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 7 cloak amod 6 black black ADJ Degree=Pos 7 cloak amod 7 cloak cloak NOUN Number=Sing 3 swirled obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 swirled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 swirl past the wizard wizard's long black cloak vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location cloak=Theme
Example 2 The thieves escaped under cloak of darkness.
det nsubj case obl case nmod punct root The DET thieves NOUN escaped VERB under ADP cloak NOUN of ADP darkness NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 thieves det 2 thieves thief NOUN Number=Plur 3 escaped nsubj 3 escaped escape VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 under under ADP _ 5 cloak case 5 cloak cloak NOUN Number=Sing 3 escaped obl 6 of of ADP _ 7 darkness case 7 darkness darkness NOUN Number=Sing 5 cloak nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 escaped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 escape past the thieves cloak of darkness vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 3 The mountains were cloaked in fog.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl punct root The DET mountains NOUN were AUX cloaked VERB in ADP fog NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 mountains det 2 mountains mountain NOUN Number=Plur 4 cloaked nsubj:pass 3 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 cloaked aux:pass 4 cloaked cloak VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 in in ADP _ 6 fog case 6 fog fog NOUN Number=Sing 4 cloaked obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 cloaked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cloak past · passive the mountains in fog vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination in fog=Theme
Example 4 Little Red Riding Hood wore a red cloak with a hood.
amod amod compound nsubj det amod obj case det obl punct root Little ADJ Red ADJ Riding PROPN Hood PROPN wore VERB a DET red ADJ cloak NOUN with ADP a DET hood NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Little little ADJ Degree=Pos 2 Red amod 2 Red Red ADJ Degree=Pos 4 Hood amod 3 Riding Riding PROPN Number=Sing 4 Hood compound 4 Hood Hood PROPN Number=Sing 5 wore nsubj 5 wore wear VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 cloak det 7 red red ADJ Degree=Pos 8 cloak amod 8 cloak cloak NOUN Number=Sing 5 wore obj 9 with with ADP _ 11 hood case 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 hood det 11 hood hood NOUN Number=Sing 5 wore obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 5 wore punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wear past Red Riding Hood a red cloak with a hood vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent cloak=Theme
Example 5 Hang your coats in the cloakroom.
nmod:poss obj case det obl punct root Hang VERB your PRON coats NOUN in ADP the DET cloakroom NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Hang hang VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 coats nmod:poss 3 coats coat NOUN Number=Plur 1 Hang obj 4 in in ADP _ 6 cloakroom case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 cloakroom det 6 cloakroom cloakroom NOUN Number=Sing 1 Hang obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 1 Hang punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hang imperative you not said here your coats the cloakroom vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent coat=Theme in cloakroom=Destination
Example 6 It was a cloak-and-dagger mission.
nsubj cop det nsubj punct cc punct compound punct root It PRON was AUX a DET cloak NOUN - PUNCT and CCONJ - PUNCT dagger NOUN mission NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 mission nsubj 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 9 mission cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 mission det 4 cloak cloak NOUN Number=Sing 9 mission nsubj 5 - - PUNCT _ 9 mission punct 6 and and CCONJ _ 9 mission cc 7 - - PUNCT _ 6 and punct 8 dagger dagger NOUN Number=Sing 9 mission compound 9 mission mission NOUN Number=Sing root root 10 . . PUNCT _ 9 mission punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past It a dagger mission tree rules
Example 7 He wore a bearskin dress and cloak.
nsubj det compound obj cc conj punct root He PRON wore VERB a DET bearskin NOUN dress NOUN and CCONJ cloak NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 wore nsubj 2 wore wear VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 dress det 4 bearskin bearskin NOUN Number=Sing 5 dress compound 5 dress dress NOUN Number=Sing 2 wore obj 6 and and CCONJ _ 7 cloak cc 7 cloak cloak NOUN Number=Sing 5 dress conj 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 wore punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wear past He a bearskin dress and cloak vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent dress=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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