coca Who acts: Coca, bush, local people, Farmers, Visitors, name · What happens: be, grow, chew, make, help, use · To what, where: bush, Andes mountains, leaves, tea, Coca leaves, illegal drug cocaine
«coca» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: coca in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Coca is a bush that grows in the Andes mountains of South America; its leaves are chewed or made into tea by local people to help with tiredness and mountain sickness.
The tree, 31 words nsubj cop det nsubj acl:relcl case det compound obl case compound nmod punct nmod:poss nsubj:pass aux:pass conj cc conj case obl case amod obl mark advcl case obl cc compound conj punct root Coca NOUN is AUX a DET bush NOUN that PRON grows VERB in ADP the DET Andes PROPN mountains NOUN of ADP South PROPN America PROPN ; PUNCT its PRON leaves NOUN are AUX chewed VERB or CCONJ made VERB into ADP tea NOUN by ADP local ADJ people NOUN to PART help VERB with ADP tiredness NOUN and CCONJ mountain NOUN sickness NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Coca coca NOUN Number=Sing 4 bush nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 bush cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 bush det 4 bush bush NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 that that PRON PronType=Rel 6 grows nsubj 6 grows grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 bush acl:relcl 7 in in ADP _ 10 mountains case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 mountains det 9 Andes Ande PROPN Number=Plur 10 mountains compound 10 mountains mountain NOUN Number=Plur 6 grows obl 11 of of ADP _ 13 America case 12 South South PROPN Number=Sing 13 America compound 13 America America PROPN Number=Sing 10 mountains nmod 14 ; ; PUNCT _ 18 chewed punct 15 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 16 leaves nmod:poss 16 leaves leaf NOUN Number=Plur 18 chewed nsubj:pass 17 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 18 chewed aux:pass 18 chewed chew VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 bush conj 19 or or CCONJ _ 20 made cc 20 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 18 chewed conj 21 into into ADP _ 22 tea case 22 tea tea NOUN Number=Sing 18 chewed obl 23 by by ADP _ 25 people case 24 local local ADJ Degree=Pos 25 people amod 25 people people NOUN Number=Plur 18 chewed obl 26 to to PART _ 27 help mark 27 help help VERB VerbForm=Inf 18 chewed advcl 28 with with ADP _ 29 tiredness case 29 tiredness tiredness NOUN Number=Sing 27 help obl 30 and and CCONJ _ 32 sickness cc 31 mountain mountain NOUN Number=Sing 32 sickness compound 32 sickness sickness NOUN Number=Sing 29 tiredness conj 33 . . PUNCT _ 4 bush punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Coca a bush tree rules 2 grow present a bush the Andes mountains of South America vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in mountain=Location 3 chew present · passive local people Coca's leaves tea vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient 4 make participle local people not said here vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset 5 help to-infinitive local people not said here with tiredness and mountain sickness vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent with tiredness=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Coca leaves are also used to make the illegal and very dangerous drug cocaine.
The tree, 14 words compound nsubj:pass aux:pass advmod mark advcl det amod cc advmod conj compound obj punct root Coca NOUN leaves NOUN are AUX also ADV used VERB to PART make VERB the DET illegal ADJ and CCONJ very ADV dangerous ADJ drug NOUN cocaine NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Coca coca NOUN Number=Sing 2 leaves compound 2 leaves leaf NOUN Number=Plur 5 used nsubj:pass 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 used aux:pass 4 also also ADV _ 5 used advmod 5 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 to to PART _ 7 make mark 7 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 used advcl 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 14 cocaine det 9 illegal illegal ADJ Degree=Pos 14 cocaine amod 10 and and CCONJ _ 12 dangerous cc 11 very very ADV _ 12 dangerous advmod 12 dangerous dangerous ADJ Degree=Pos 9 illegal conj 13 drug drug NOUN Number=Sing 14 cocaine compound 14 cocaine cocaine NOUN Number=Sing 7 make obj 15 . . PUNCT _ 5 used punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use present · passive Coca leaves vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient 2 make to-infinitive the illegal drug cocaine vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset cocaine=Product
Example 1 Farmers in Bolivia grow coca on the mountainsides.
nsubj case nmod obj case det obl punct root Farmers NOUN in ADP Bolivia PROPN grow VERB coca NOUN on ADP the DET mountainsides NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Farmers farmer NOUN Number=Plur 4 grow nsubj 2 in in ADP _ 3 Bolivia case 3 Bolivia Bolivia PROPN Number=Sing 1 Farmers nmod 4 grow grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 coca coca NOUN Number=Sing 4 grow obj 6 on on ADP _ 8 mountainsides case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 mountainsides det 8 mountainsides mountainside NOUN Number=Plur 4 grow obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 grow punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 grow present Farmers in Bolivia coca the mountainsides vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location coca=Theme
Example 2 Visitors to the Andes may drink coca tea for altitude sickness.
nsubj case det nmod aux compound obj case compound obl punct root Visitors NOUN to ADP the DET Andes PROPN may AUX drink VERB coca NOUN tea NOUN for ADP altitude NOUN sickness NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Visitors visitor NOUN Number=Plur 6 drink nsubj 2 to to ADP _ 4 Andes case 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 Andes det 4 Andes Ande PROPN Number=Plur 1 Visitors nmod 5 may may AUX VerbForm=Fin 6 drink aux 6 drink drink VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 7 coca coca NOUN Number=Sing 8 tea compound 8 tea tea NOUN Number=Sing 6 drink obj 9 for for ADP _ 11 sickness case 10 altitude altitude NOUN Number=Sing 11 sickness compound 11 sickness sickness NOUN Number=Sing 6 drink obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 6 drink punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 drink may Visitors to the Andes coca tea for altitude sickness vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tea=Patient
Example 3 Coca leaves have been chewed in the Andes for thousands of years.
compound nsubj:pass aux aux:pass case det obl case obl case nmod punct root Coca NOUN leaves NOUN have AUX been AUX chewed VERB in ADP the DET Andes PROPN for ADP thousands NOUN of ADP years NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Coca coca NOUN Number=Sing 2 leaves compound 2 leaves leaf NOUN Number=Plur 5 chewed nsubj:pass 3 have have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 chewed aux 4 been be AUX Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 5 chewed aux:pass 5 chewed chew VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 in in ADP _ 8 Andes case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 Andes det 8 Andes Ande PROPN Number=Plur 5 chewed obl 9 for for ADP _ 10 thousands case 10 thousands thousand NOUN Number=Plur 5 chewed obl 11 of of ADP _ 12 years case 12 years year NOUN Number=Plur 10 thousands nmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 5 chewed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 chew present · perfect · passive Coca leaves the Andes for thousands of years vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
Example 4 Cocaine, an illegal drug, is made from coca leaves.
nsubj:pass punct det amod appos punct aux:pass case compound obl punct root Cocaine PROPN , PUNCT an DET illegal ADJ drug NOUN , PUNCT is AUX made VERB from ADP coca NOUN leaves NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Cocaine Cocaine PROPN Number=Sing 8 made nsubj:pass 2 , , PUNCT _ 5 drug punct 3 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 drug det 4 illegal illegal ADJ Degree=Pos 5 drug amod 5 drug drug NOUN Number=Sing 1 Cocaine appos 6 , , PUNCT _ 1 Cocaine punct 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 made aux:pass 8 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 9 from from ADP _ 11 leaves case 10 coca coca NOUN Number=Sing 11 leaves compound 11 leaves leaf NOUN Number=Plur 8 made obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 8 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make present · passive Cocaine coca leaves vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: subject=Product from leaf=Material
Example 5 The name Coca-Cola comes from coca leaves and kola nuts.
det nsubj appos punct flat case compound obl cc compound conj punct root The DET name NOUN Coca PROPN - PUNCT Cola PROPN comes VERB from ADP coca NOUN leaves NOUN and CCONJ kola NOUN nuts NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 name det 2 name name NOUN Number=Sing 6 comes nsubj 3 Coca Coca PROPN Number=Sing 2 name appos 4 - - PUNCT _ 3 Coca punct 5 Cola Cola PROPN Number=Sing 3 Coca flat 6 comes come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 from from ADP _ 9 leaves case 8 coca coca NOUN Number=Sing 9 leaves compound 9 leaves leaf NOUN Number=Plur 6 comes obl 10 and and CCONJ _ 12 nuts cc 11 kola kola NOUN Number=Sing 12 nuts compound 12 nuts nut NOUN Number=Plur 9 leaves conj 13 . . PUNCT _ 6 comes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come present the name coca leaves and kola nuts vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from leaf=Initial_Location
Example 6 The coca bush has small oval leaves.
det compound nsubj amod amod obj punct root The DET coca NOUN bush NOUN has VERB small ADJ oval ADJ leaves NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 bush det 2 coca coca NOUN Number=Sing 3 bush compound 3 bush bush NOUN Number=Sing 4 has nsubj 4 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 7 leaves amod 6 oval oval ADJ Degree=Pos 7 leaves amod 7 leaves leaf NOUN Number=Plur 4 has obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present the coca bush small oval leaves vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leaf=Patient
Example 7 Growing coca is controlled by law in many countries.
csubj:pass obj aux:pass case obl case amod obl punct root Growing VERB coca NOUN is AUX controlled VERB by ADP law NOUN in ADP many ADJ countries NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Growing grow VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 4 controlled csubj:pass 2 coca coca NOUN Number=Sing 1 Growing obj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 controlled aux:pass 4 controlled control VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 by by ADP _ 6 law case 6 law law NOUN Number=Sing 4 controlled obl 7 in in ADP _ 9 countries case 8 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 9 countries amod 9 countries country NOUN Number=Plur 4 controlled obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 controlled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 grow gerund coca vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location coca=Theme 2 control present · passive Growing many countries by law vn enforce-63 «NP V that S»
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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