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concrete

Who acts: water, you, workers, Dog, joy, We · What happens: make, mix, be, set, see, touch · To what, where: hard building material, cement, adjective, wet concrete, bridge, concrete noun

«concrete» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: concrete in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

A hard building material made by mixing cement, sand, small stones and water; it is soft when wet and sets very hard.

The tree, 22 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 material	det
2	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 material	amod
3	building	building	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 material	compound
4	material	material	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 material	acl
6	by	by	SCONJ	_	7 mixing	mark
7	mixing	mix	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	5 made	advcl
8	cement	cement	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 mixing	obj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 sand	punct
10	sand	sand	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 cement	conj
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 stones	punct
12	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 stones	amod
13	stones	stone	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 cement	conj
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 water	cc
15	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 cement	conj
16	;	;	PUNCT	_	19 soft	punct
17	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 soft	nsubj
18	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	19 soft	cop
19	soft	soft	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 material	conj
20	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	21 wet	advmod
21	wet	wet	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 soft	conj
22	and	and	CCONJ	_	23 sets	cc
23	sets	set	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	19 soft	conj
24	very	very	ADV	_	25 hard	advmod
25	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	23 sets	xcomp
26	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 material	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	participle		a hard building material not said here					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset
2	mix	gerund		cement and sand and small stones and water					vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cement=Patient
3	is	present	water					soft property	tree rules
4	be		water not said here						tree rules
5	set	present	water not said here					hard property	vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

As an adjective, made of concrete.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	As	as	ADP	_	3 adjective	case
2	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 adjective	det
3	adjective	adjective	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 made	punct
5	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 adjective	acl
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 concrete	case
7	concrete	concrete	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 made	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 adjective	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	participle		a adjective not said here				of concrete	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset

Meaning 3

Real and definite, something you can see or touch, not just an idea.

The tree, 13 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 something	amod
2	and	and	CCONJ	_	3 definite	cc
3	definite	definite	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Real	conj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 something	punct
5	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	root	root
6	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	8 see	nsubj
7	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	8 see	aux
8	see	see	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 something	acl:relcl
9	or	or	CCONJ	_	10 touch	cc
10	touch	touch	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 see	conj
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 idea	punct
12	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	15 idea	advmod
13	just	just	ADV	_	15 idea	advmod
14	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 idea	det
15	idea	idea	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 something	parataxis
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 something	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	see	can	you						vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
2	touch	infinitive	you not said here						vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

"concrete evidence", "concrete objects".

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 evidence	punct
2	concrete	concrete	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 evidence	compound
3	evidence	evidence	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 evidence	punct
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 objects	punct
6	"	"	PUNCT	_	8 objects	punct
7	concrete	concrete	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 objects	compound
8	objects	object	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 evidence	appos
9	"	"	PUNCT	_	8 objects	punct
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 evidence	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 1

The workers poured wet concrete for the new path.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 workers	det
2	workers	worker	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 poured	nsubj
3	poured	pour	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	wet	wet	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 concrete	amod
5	concrete	concrete	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 poured	obj
6	for	for	ADP	_	9 path	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 path	det
8	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 path	amod
9	path	path	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 poured	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 poured	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pour	past	the workers	wet concrete				for the new path	vn preparing-26.3-2 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent concrete=Patient for path=Beneficiary

Example 2

Don't write in wet concrete.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Do	do	AUX	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	3 write	aux
2	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	3 write	advmod
3	write	write	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 concrete	case
5	wet	wet	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 concrete	amod
6	concrete	concrete	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 write	obl
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 write	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not write	imperative · do-support	you not said here			wet concrete			vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent in concrete=Destination

Example 3

The bridge is made of concrete and steel.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 bridge	det
2	bridge	bridge	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 made	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 made	aux:pass
4	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 concrete	case
6	concrete	concrete	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 made	obl
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 steel	cc
8	steel	steel	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 concrete	conj
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 made	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present · passive		the bridge				of concrete and steel	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product

Example 4

"Dog" is a concrete noun, but "joy" is abstract.

The tree, 9 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	2 Dog	punct
2	Dog	dog	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 noun	nsubj
3	"	"	PUNCT	_	2 Dog	punct
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 noun	cop
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 noun	det
6	concrete	concrete	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 noun	compound
7	noun	noun	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 abstract	punct
9	but	but	CCONJ	_	14 abstract	cc
10	"	"	PUNCT	_	11 joy	punct
11	joy	joy	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 abstract	nsubj
12	"	"	PUNCT	_	11 joy	punct
13	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 abstract	cop
14	abstract	abstract	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 noun	conj
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 noun	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Dog	a concrete noun					tree rules
2	is	present	joy					abstract property	tree rules

Example 5

Use concrete objects like cubes to show the sum.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Use	use	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	concrete	concrete	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 objects	compound
3	objects	object	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Use	obj
4	like	like	ADP	_	5 cubes	case
5	cubes	cube	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Use	obl
6	to	to	PART	_	7 show	mark
7	show	show	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 Use	advcl
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 sum	det
9	sum	sum	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 show	obj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Use	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	use	imperative	you not said here	concrete objects				like cubes	vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent object=Patient
2	show	to-infinitive	you not said here	the sum					vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent sum=Recipient

Example 6

We need concrete proof, not guesses.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	We	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 need	nsubj
2	need	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	concrete	concrete	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 proof	compound
4	proof	proof	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 need	obj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 guesses	punct
6	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	7 guesses	advmod
7	guesses	guess	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 proof	conj
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 need	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	need	present	We	concrete proof and guesses					vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot proof=Theme

Example 7

I scraped my knee on the concrete.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 scraped	nsubj
2	scraped	scrape	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 knee	nmod:poss
4	knee	knee	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 scraped	obj
5	on	on	ADP	_	7 concrete	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 concrete	det
7	concrete	concrete	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 scraped	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 scraped	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	scrape	past	I	my knee		the concrete			vn funnel-9.3-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent knee=Theme on concrete=Trajectory

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/C/concrete/