confounded Who acts: plan, one, puzzle, That, old man, result · What happens: confound, mean, use, show, be, confuse · To what, where: annoyance, annoying, someone, them, two things, everyone · Speech: someone speaks here
«confounded» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: confounded in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Confounded means very puzzled or confused.
nsubj advmod xcomp cc conj punct root Confounded VERB means VERB very ADV puzzled ADJ or CCONJ confused ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Confounded confound VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 very very ADV _ 4 puzzled advmod 4 puzzled puzzled ADJ Degree=Pos 2 means xcomp 5 or or CCONJ _ 6 confused cc 6 confused confused ADJ Degree=Pos 4 puzzled conj 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 confound participle vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer 2 mean present puzzled property vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: old-fashioned, mild swearing — kept apart, not parsed.
Confounded is used to show annoyance, meaning «annoying» or «wretched»: «this confounded rain».
The tree, 13 words mark aux:pass mark advcl obj punct advcl punct obj punct cc punct conj punct punct punct det amod parataxis punct punct root Confounded VERB is AUX used VERB to PART show VERB annoyance NOUN , PUNCT meaning VERB « PUNCT annoying ADJ » PUNCT or CCONJ « PUNCT wretched ADJ » PUNCT : PUNCT « PUNCT this DET confounded VERB rain NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Confounded confound VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 used mark 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 used aux:pass 3 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 to to PART _ 5 show mark 5 show show VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 used advcl 6 annoyance annoyance NOUN Number=Sing 5 show obj 7 , , PUNCT _ 8 meaning punct 8 meaning mean VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 5 show advcl 9 « « PUNCT _ 10 annoying punct 10 annoying annoying ADJ Degree=Pos 8 meaning obj 11 » » PUNCT _ 10 annoying punct 12 or or CCONJ _ 14 wretched cc 13 « « PUNCT _ 14 wretched punct 14 wretched wretched ADJ Degree=Pos 10 annoying conj 15 » » PUNCT _ 10 annoying punct 16 : : PUNCT _ 3 used punct 17 « « PUNCT _ 20 rain punct 18 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 20 rain det 19 confounded confound VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 20 rain amod 20 rain rain NOUN Number=Sing 3 used parataxis 21 » » PUNCT _ 20 rain punct 22 . . PUNCT _ 3 used punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 confound participle vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer 2 use present · passive tree rules 3 show to-infinitive annoyance vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent annoyance=Recipient 4 mean gerund annoying vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent annoying=Topic 5 confound in a quote participle vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
Meaning 3 To confound someone is to surprise and confuse them; to confound a plan or prediction is to prove it wrong.
The tree, 20 words mark advcl obj cop mark cc conj obj punct mark conj det nsubj cc conj cop mark ccomp obj xcomp punct root To PART confound VERB someone PRON is AUX to PART surprise VERB and CCONJ confuse VERB them PRON ; PUNCT to PART confound VERB a DET plan NOUN or CCONJ prediction NOUN is AUX to PART prove VERB it PRON wrong ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 confound mark 2 confound confound VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 surprise advcl 3 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 confound obj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 surprise cop 5 to to PART _ 6 surprise mark 6 surprise surprise VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 confuse cc 8 confuse confuse VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 6 surprise conj 9 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 confuse obj 10 ; ; PUNCT _ 12 confound punct 11 to to PART _ 12 confound mark 12 confound confound VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 6 surprise conj 13 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 plan det 14 plan plan NOUN Number=Sing 19 prove nsubj 15 or or CCONJ _ 16 prediction cc 16 prediction prediction NOUN Number=Sing 14 plan conj 17 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 19 prove cop 18 to to PART _ 19 prove mark 19 prove prove VERB VerbForm=Inf 12 confound ccomp 20 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 19 prove obj 21 wrong wrong ADJ Degree=Pos 19 prove xcomp 22 . . PUNCT _ 6 surprise punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 confound to-infinitive someone vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus someone=Experiencer 2 is present surprise property tree rules 3 confuse infinitive them = they vn amalgamate-22.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient 4 confound to-infinitive tree rules 5 is present a plan or prediction prove, wrong property tree rules
Meaning 4 To confound two things is to mix them up and think one is the other.
The tree, 15 words mark advcl nummod obj cop mark obj compound:prt cc conj nsubj cop det ccomp punct root To PART confound VERB two NUM things NOUN is AUX to PART mix VERB them PRON up ADP and CCONJ think VERB one NUM is AUX the DET other ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 confound mark 2 confound confound VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 mix advcl 3 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 4 things nummod 4 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 2 confound obj 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 mix cop 6 to to PART _ 7 mix mark 7 mix mix VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 8 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 mix obj 9 up up ADP _ 7 mix compound:prt 10 and and CCONJ _ 11 think cc 11 think think VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 7 mix conj 12 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 15 other nsubj 13 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 15 other cop 14 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 15 other det 15 other other ADJ Degree=Pos 11 think ccomp 16 . . PUNCT _ 7 mix punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 confound to-infinitive two things vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus thing=Experiencer 2 is present mix property tree rules 3 think speech: other infinitive vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 4 is present one other property tree rules
Example 1 The puzzle left everyone confounded.
det nsubj obj acl punct root The DET puzzle NOUN left VERB everyone PRON confounded VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 puzzle det 2 puzzle puzzle NOUN Number=Sing 3 left nsubj 3 left leave VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 everyone everyone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Tot 3 left obj 5 confounded confound VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 everyone acl 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 left punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 leave past the puzzle everyone vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent everyone=Theme 2 confound participle vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
Example 2 «That confounded motor car!» shouted the old man.
punct nsubj amod compound nsubj punct punct det amod obj punct root « PUNCT That PRON confounded VERB motor NOUN car NOUN ! PUNCT » PUNCT shouted VERB the DET old ADJ man NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 5 car punct 2 That that PRON Number=Sing PronType=Dem 5 car nsubj 3 confounded confound VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 car amod 4 motor motor NOUN Number=Sing 5 car compound 5 car car NOUN Number=Sing 8 shouted nsubj 6 ! ! PUNCT _ 5 car punct 7 » » PUNCT _ 5 car punct 8 shouted shout VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 man det 10 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 11 man amod 11 man man NOUN Number=Sing 8 shouted obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 8 shouted punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 confound in a quote participle vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer 2 car in a quote That tree rules 3 shout speech: express past the old man vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 3 The result confounded the experts.
det nsubj det obj punct root The DET result NOUN confounded VERB the DET experts NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 result det 2 result result NOUN Number=Sing 3 confounded nsubj 3 confounded confound VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 experts det 5 experts expert NOUN Number=Plur 3 confounded obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 confounded punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 confound past the result the experts vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus expert=Experiencer
Example 4 Confound it, I've lost my keys!
obj punct nsubj aux parataxis nmod:poss obj punct root Confound VERB it PRON , PUNCT I PRON 've AUX lost VERB my PRON keys NOUN ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Confound confound VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 1 Confound obj 3 , , PUNCT _ 6 lost punct 4 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 6 lost nsubj 5 've have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 lost aux 6 lost lose VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 1 Confound parataxis 7 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 keys nmod:poss 8 keys key NOUN Number=Plur 6 lost obj 9 ! ! PUNCT _ 1 Confound punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 confound imperative you not said here it vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus it=Experiencer 2 lose present · perfect I my keys vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent key=Eventuality
Example 5 Toad cursed the confounded washerwoman's dress.
nsubj det amod nmod:poss case obj punct root Toad PROPN cursed VERB the DET confounded VERB washerwoman NOUN 's PART dress NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Toad Toad PROPN Number=Sing 2 cursed nsubj 2 cursed curse VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 washerwoman det 4 confounded confound VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 washerwoman amod 5 washerwoman washerwoman NOUN Number=Sing 7 dress nmod:poss 6 's 's PART _ 5 washerwoman case 7 dress dress NOUN Number=Sing 2 cursed obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 cursed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 curse past Toad the confounded washerwoman's dress vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dress=Theme 2 confound participle vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
Example 6 The magician's trick confounded the audience.
det nmod:poss case nsubj det obj punct root The DET magician NOUN 's PART trick NOUN confounded VERB the DET audience NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 magician det 2 magician magician NOUN Number=Sing 4 trick nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 magician case 4 trick trick NOUN Number=Sing 5 confounded nsubj 5 confounded confound VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 audience det 7 audience audience NOUN Number=Sing 5 confounded obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 confounded punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 confound past the magician's trick the audience vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus audience=Experiencer 2 trick the magician nom trick «act transitive»: poss=agent
Example 7 "Kow" must not be confounded with the more prosaic animal with a "C."
The tree, 13 words punct nsubj:pass punct aux advmod aux:pass case det advmod amod obl case det punct nmod punct root " PUNCT Kow PROPN " PUNCT must AUX not PART be AUX confounded VERB with ADP the DET more ADV prosaic ADJ animal NOUN with ADP a DET " PUNCT C. NOUN " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 2 Kow punct 2 Kow Kow PROPN Number=Sing 7 confounded nsubj:pass 3 " " PUNCT _ 2 Kow punct 4 must must AUX VerbForm=Fin 7 confounded aux 5 not not PART Polarity=Neg 7 confounded advmod 6 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 7 confounded aux:pass 7 confounded confound VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 8 with with ADP _ 12 animal case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 animal det 10 more more ADV Degree=Cmp 11 prosaic advmod 11 prosaic prosaic ADJ Degree=Pos 12 animal amod 12 animal animal NOUN Number=Sing 7 confounded obl 13 with with ADP _ 16 C. case 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 16 C. det 15 " " PUNCT _ 16 C. punct 16 C. c. NOUN Number=Sing 12 animal nmod 17 " " PUNCT _ 16 C. punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not confound must · passive Kow with the prosaic animal with a C. vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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