congratulations Who acts: Congratulations, you, messages, that, We, our · What happens: be, say, show, praise, do, happen · To what, where: someone, you, words, Congratulations, spelling bee, fun run · Speech: someone speaks here
«congratulations» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: congratulations in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 «Congratulations!» is what you say to someone to show you are happy about their success or good news.
The tree, 18 words punct nsubj punct punct cop nsubj nsubj acl:relcl case obl mark acl iobj cop case nmod:poss obl cc amod conj punct root « PUNCT Congratulations NOUN ! PUNCT » PUNCT is AUX what PRON you PRON say VERB to ADP someone PRON to PART show VERB you PRON are AUX happy ADJ about ADP their PRON success NOUN or CCONJ good ADJ news NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 Congratulations punct 2 Congratulations congratulation NOUN Number=Plur 6 what nsubj 3 ! ! PUNCT _ 2 Congratulations punct 4 » » PUNCT _ 2 Congratulations punct 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 what cop 6 what what PRON PronType=Int 15 happy nsubj 7 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 8 say nsubj 8 say say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 what acl:relcl 9 to to ADP _ 10 someone case 10 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 8 say obl 11 to to PART _ 12 show mark 12 show show VERB VerbForm=Inf 10 someone acl 13 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 12 show iobj 14 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 15 happy cop 15 happy happy ADJ Degree=Pos root root 16 about about ADP _ 18 success case 17 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 18 success nmod:poss 18 success success NOUN Number=Sing 15 happy obl 19 or or CCONJ _ 21 news cc 20 good good ADJ Degree=Pos 21 news amod 21 news news NOUN Number=Sing 18 success conj 22 . . PUNCT _ 15 happy punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Congratulations tree rules 2 say speech: assert present you someone vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to someone=Recipient 3 show to-infinitive you not said here you vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent you=Recipient 4 is present about Congratulations's success or good news; happy property tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Congratulations are words or messages that praise someone for something good they did or that happened to them.
The tree, 18 words nsubj cop cc conj nsubj acl:relcl obj case obl amod nsubj acl:relcl cc nsubj conj case obl punct root Congratulations NOUN are AUX words NOUN or CCONJ messages NOUN that PRON praise VERB someone PRON for ADP something PRON good ADJ they PRON did VERB or CCONJ that PRON happened VERB to ADP them PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Congratulations congratulation NOUN Number=Plur 3 words nsubj 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 words cop 3 words word NOUN Number=Plur root root 4 or or CCONJ _ 5 messages cc 5 messages message NOUN Number=Plur 3 words conj 6 that that PRON PronType=Rel 7 praise nsubj 7 praise praise VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 messages acl:relcl 8 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 7 praise obj 9 for for ADP _ 10 something case 10 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 7 praise obl 11 good good ADJ Degree=Pos 10 something amod 12 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 13 did nsubj 13 did do VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 10 something acl:relcl 14 or or CCONJ _ 16 happened cc 15 that that PRON PronType=Rel 16 happened nsubj 16 happened happen VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 13 did conj 17 to to ADP _ 18 them case 18 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 16 happened obl 19 . . PUNCT _ 3 words punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Congratulations words or messages tree rules 2 praise present messages someone for something vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent someone=Theme for something=Attribute 3 do past Congratulations = congratulation vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 4 happen past that Congratulations = congratulation vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 1 Congratulations on winning the spelling bee!
mark acl det compound obj punct root Congratulations NOUN on SCONJ winning VERB the DET spelling NOUN bee NOUN ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Congratulations congratulation NOUN Number=Plur root root 2 on on SCONJ _ 3 winning mark 3 winning win VERB VerbForm=Ger 1 Congratulations acl 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 bee det 5 spelling spelling NOUN Number=Sing 6 bee compound 6 bee bee NOUN Number=Sing 3 winning obj 7 ! ! PUNCT _ 1 Congratulations punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 win gerund Congratulations not said here the spelling bee vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bee=Eventuality
Example 2 Congratulations to everyone who finished the fun run.
case nmod nsubj acl:relcl det amod obj punct root Congratulations NOUN to ADP everyone PRON who PRON finished VERB the DET fun ADJ run NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Congratulations congratulation NOUN Number=Plur root root 2 to to ADP _ 3 everyone case 3 everyone everyone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Tot 1 Congratulations nmod 4 who who PRON PronType=Rel 5 finished nsubj 5 finished finish VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 everyone acl:relcl 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 run det 7 fun fun ADJ Degree=Pos 8 run amod 8 run run NOUN Number=Sing 5 finished obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 1 Congratulations punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 finish past the fun run vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Affector run=Eventuality
Example 3 We sent a card with our congratulations to the new parents.
nsubj det obj case nmod:poss obl case det amod obl punct root We PRON sent VERB a DET card NOUN with ADP our PRON congratulations NOUN to ADP the DET new ADJ parents NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 sent nsubj 2 sent send VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 card det 4 card card NOUN Number=Sing 2 sent obj 5 with with ADP _ 7 congratulations case 6 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 congratulations nmod:poss 7 congratulations congratulation NOUN Number=Plur 2 sent obl 8 to to ADP _ 11 parents case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 parents det 10 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 11 parents amod 11 parents parent NOUN Number=Plur 2 sent obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 sent punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 send past We a card the new parents with our congratulations vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent card=Theme to parent=Destination 2 congratulate our nom congratulation «communication intransitive»: poss=agent
Example 4 «I passed my swimming test!» «Congratulations!»
Sentence 1: «I passed my swimming test!»
punct nsubj nmod:poss compound obj punct punct root « PUNCT I PRON passed VERB my PRON swimming NOUN test NOUN ! PUNCT » PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 3 passed punct 2 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 passed nsubj 3 passed pass VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 test nmod:poss 5 swimming swimming NOUN Number=Sing 6 test compound 6 test test NOUN Number=Sing 3 passed obj 7 ! ! PUNCT _ 3 passed punct 8 » » PUNCT _ 3 passed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pass in a quote past I my swimming test vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme test=Trajectory 2 test in a quote my nom test «cognition transitive»: poss=agent
Sentence 2: «Congratulations!»
punct punct punct root « PUNCT Congratulations NOUN ! PUNCT » PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 Congratulations punct 2 Congratulations congratulation NOUN Number=Plur root root 3 ! ! PUNCT _ 2 Congratulations punct 4 » » PUNCT _ 2 Congratulations punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 5 The head teacher gave her congratulations to the choir.
det compound nsubj iobj obj case det obl punct root The DET head NOUN teacher NOUN gave VERB her PRON congratulations NOUN to ADP the DET choir NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 teacher det 2 head head NOUN Number=Sing 3 teacher compound 3 teacher teacher NOUN Number=Sing 4 gave nsubj 4 gave give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 her she PRON Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 gave iobj 6 congratulations congratulation NOUN Number=Plur 4 gave obj 7 to to ADP _ 9 choir case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 choir det 9 choir choir NOUN Number=Sing 4 gave obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 gave punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give past the head teacher congratulations her = she to the choir vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent she=Recipient congratulation=Theme
Example 6 Grandpa phoned to offer his congratulations.
nsubj mark xcomp nmod:poss obj punct root Grandpa PROPN phoned VERB to PART offer VERB his PRON congratulations NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Grandpa Grandpa PROPN Number=Sing 2 phoned nsubj 2 phoned phone VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 to to PART _ 4 offer mark 4 offer offer VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 phoned xcomp 5 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 congratulations nmod:poss 6 congratulations congratulation NOUN Number=Plur 4 offer obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 phoned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 phone past Grandpa vn instr_communication-37.4.1 «NP V when S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 offer to-infinitive Grandpa not said here Grandpa's congratulations vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent congratulation=Theme 3 congratulate Grandpa nom congratulation «communication intransitive»: poss=agent
Example 7 Congratulations, you solved the hardest puzzle!
nsubj punct nsubj det amod obj punct root Congratulations NOUN , PUNCT you PRON solved VERB the DET hardest ADJ puzzle NOUN ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Congratulations congratulation NOUN Number=Plur 4 solved nsubj 2 , , PUNCT _ 1 Congratulations punct 3 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 4 solved nsubj 4 solved solve VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 puzzle det 6 hardest hard ADJ Degree=Sup 7 puzzle amod 7 puzzle puzzle NOUN Number=Sing 4 solved obj 8 ! ! PUNCT _ 4 solved punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 solve past Congratulations the hardest puzzle vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent puzzle=Topic
Example 8 Say congratulations to the other team, even when you lose.
obj case det amod obl punct advmod mark nsubj advcl punct root Say VERB congratulations NOUN to ADP the DET other ADJ team NOUN , PUNCT even ADV when SCONJ you PRON lose VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Say say VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 congratulations congratulation NOUN Number=Plur 1 Say obj 3 to to ADP _ 6 team case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 team det 5 other other ADJ Degree=Pos 6 team amod 6 team team NOUN Number=Sing 1 Say obl 7 , , PUNCT _ 11 lose punct 8 even even ADV _ 11 lose advmod 9 when when SCONJ _ 11 lose mark 10 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 11 lose nsubj 11 lose lose VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 Say advcl 12 . . PUNCT _ 1 Say punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert imperative you not said here congratulations the other team vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent congratulation=Topic to team=Recipient 2 lose present you vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 9 The next day, the king came with the whole court to offer their congratulations, and stayed till quite late.
The tree, 19 words det amod obl:unmarked punct det nsubj case det amod obl mark advcl nmod:poss obj punct cc conj advmod advmod advmod punct root The DET next ADJ day NOUN , PUNCT the DET king NOUN came VERB with ADP the DET whole ADJ court NOUN to PART offer VERB their PRON congratulations NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ stayed VERB till ADV quite ADV late ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 day det 2 next next ADJ Degree=Pos 3 day amod 3 day day NOUN Number=Sing 7 came obl:unmarked 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 day punct 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 king det 6 king king NOUN Number=Sing 7 came nsubj 7 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 8 with with ADP _ 11 court case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 court det 10 whole whole ADJ Degree=Pos 11 court amod 11 court court NOUN Number=Sing 7 came obl 12 to to PART _ 13 offer mark 13 offer offer VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 came advcl 14 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 15 congratulations nmod:poss 15 congratulations congratulation NOUN Number=Plur 13 offer obj 16 , , PUNCT _ 18 stayed punct 17 and and CCONJ _ 18 stayed cc 18 stayed stay VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 came conj 19 till till ADV _ 18 stayed advmod 20 quite quite ADV _ 21 late advmod 21 late late ADV Degree=Pos 18 stayed advmod 22 . . PUNCT _ 7 came punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come past the king day with the whole court vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 offer to-infinitive the king not said here their congratulations vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent congratulation=Theme 3 stay past the king not said here late, till property vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 4 congratulate their = they nom congratulation «communication intransitive»: poss=agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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