constable

Who acts: John, PC, constable, We, Police constables, chief constable · What happens: write, be, come, talk, direct, guard · To what, where: police officer, English painter, us, traffic, castle, painting

«constable» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: constable in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

Usage: UK, Ireland, Australia, NZ, Canada — kept apart, not parsed.

A police officer of the lowest rank; often written PC (police constable), as in «PC Smith».

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 officer	det
2	police	police	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 officer	compound
3	officer	officer	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 written	nsubj:pass
4	of	of	ADP	_	7 rank	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 rank	det
6	lowest	low	ADJ	Degree=Sup	7 rank	amod
7	rank	rank	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 officer	nmod
8	;	;	PUNCT	_	10 written	punct
9	often	often	ADV	_	10 written	advmod
10	written	write	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
11	PC	PC	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 written	obj
12	(	(	PUNCT	_	14 constable	punct
13	police	police	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 constable	compound
14	constable	constable	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 PC	appos
15	)	)	PUNCT	_	14 constable	punct
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 Smith	punct
17	as	as	ADP	_	21 Smith	case
18	in	in	ADP	_	21 Smith	case
19	«	«	PUNCT	_	21 Smith	punct
20	PC	PC	PROPN	Number=Sing	21 Smith	compound
21	Smith	Smith	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 written	parataxis
22	»	»	PUNCT	_	21 Smith	punct
23	.	.	PUNCT	_	10 written	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	write	participle · passive		a police officer of the lowest rank				often property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Usage: history — kept apart, not parsed.

An important officer in a medieval castle or a royal court (the Constable of the Tower of London).

The tree, 18 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 officer	det
2	important	important	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 officer	amod
3	officer	officer	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	7 castle	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 castle	det
6	medieval	medieval	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 castle	amod
7	castle	castle	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 officer	nmod
8	or	or	CCONJ	_	11 court	cc
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 court	det
10	royal	royal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 court	amod
11	court	court	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 castle	conj
12	(	(	PUNCT	_	14 Constable	punct
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 Constable	det
14	Constable	Constable	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 court	appos
15	of	of	ADP	_	17 Tower	case
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 Tower	det
17	Tower	Tower	PROPN	Number=Sing	14 Constable	nmod
18	of	of	ADP	_	19 London	case
19	London	London	PROPN	Number=Sing	17 Tower	nmod
20	)	)	PUNCT	_	14 Constable	punct
21	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 officer	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Meaning 3

Usage: US — kept apart, not parsed.

A local law officer in some small towns.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 officer	det
2	local	local	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 officer	amod
3	law	law	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 officer	compound
4	officer	officer	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	in	in	ADP	_	8 towns	case
6	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	8 towns	det
7	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 towns	amod
8	towns	town	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 officer	nmod
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 officer	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Meaning 4

Usage: a name — kept apart, not parsed.

John Constable was an English painter famous for landscapes like «The Hay Wain» (1821).

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	John	John	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 painter	nsubj
2	Constable	Constable	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 John	flat
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 painter	cop
4	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 painter	det
5	English	English	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 painter	amod
6	painter	painter	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	famous	famous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 painter	amod
8	for	for	ADP	_	9 landscapes	case
9	landscapes	landscape	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 famous	obl
10	like	like	ADP	_	14 Wain	case
11	«	«	PUNCT	_	14 Wain	punct
12	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 Wain	det
13	Hay	Hay	PROPN	Number=Sing	14 Wain	compound
14	Wain	Wain	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 landscapes	nmod
15	»	»	PUNCT	_	14 Wain	punct
16	(	(	PUNCT	_	17 1821	punct
17	1821	1821	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	14 Wain	appos
18	)	)	PUNCT	_	17 1821	punct
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 painter	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	past	John	a English painter					tree rules

Example 1

PC Jones came to talk to us about bike safety.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	PC	PC	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 came	nsubj
2	Jones	Jones	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 PC	flat
3	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 talk	mark
5	talk	talk	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 came	xcomp
6	to	to	ADP	_	7 us	case
7	us	we	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	5 talk	obl
8	about	about	ADP	_	10 safety	case
9	bike	bike	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 safety	compound
10	safety	safety	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 talk	obl
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 came	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	past	PC						tree rules
2	talk	to-infinitive	PC not said here		us			about bike safety	vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent PP.topic»: agent=Agent to we=Co-Agent about safety=Topic

Example 2

The constable directed the traffic after the crash.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 constable	det
2	constable	constable	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 directed	nsubj
3	directed	direct	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 traffic	det
5	traffic	traffic	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 directed	obj
6	after	after	ADP	_	8 crash	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 crash	det
8	crash	crash	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 directed	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 directed	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	direct	past	the constable	the traffic			after the crash		vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.predicate»: agent=Agent traffic=Eventuality

Example 3

The Constable of the castle guarded it for the king.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Constable	det
2	Constable	Constable	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 guarded	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 castle	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 castle	det
5	castle	castle	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 Constable	nmod
6	guarded	guard	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 guarded	obj
8	for	for	ADP	_	10 king	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 king	det
10	king	king	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 guarded	obl
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 guarded	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	guard	past	the Constable of the castle	castle				for the king	vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Beneficiary

Example 4

We copied John Constable's painting of a hay cart in a river.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	We	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 copied	nsubj
2	copied	copy	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	John	John	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 painting	nmod:poss
4	Constable	Constable	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 John	flat
5	's	's	PART	_	3 John	case
6	painting	painting	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 copied	obj
7	of	of	ADP	_	10 cart	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 cart	det
9	hay	hay	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 cart	compound
10	cart	cart	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 painting	nmod
11	in	in	ADP	_	13 river	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 river	det
13	river	river	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 copied	obl
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 copied	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	copy	past	We	John's painting of a hay cart		a river			vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent painting=Theme in river=Destination

Example 5

Police constables patrol the town centre.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Police	police	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 constables	compound
2	constables	constable	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 patrol	nsubj
3	patrol	patrol	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 centre	det
5	town	town	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 centre	compound
6	centre	centre	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 patrol	obj
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 patrol	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	patrol	present	Police constables	the town centre					vn search-35.2 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent centre=Location

Example 6

The chief constable leads a whole police force in Britain.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 constable	det
2	chief	chief	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 constable	amod
3	constable	constable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 leads	nsubj
4	leads	lead	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 force	det
6	whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 force	amod
7	police	police	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 force	compound
8	force	force	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 leads	obj
9	in	in	ADP	_	10 Britain	case
10	Britain	Britain	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 force	nmod
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 leads	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lead	present	the chief constable	a whole police force		Britain			vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent force=Theme in britain=Destination

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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