continent Who acts: continent, Most people, seven continents, Asia, Penguins, USA · What happens: be, count, mean, live, colour, join · To what, where: one, seven continents, mainland Europe, largest continent, Antarctica, continent
«continent» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: continent in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A continent is one of the very large areas of land on Earth.
det nsubj cop case det advmod amod nmod case nmod case nmod punct root A DET continent NOUN is AUX one NUM of ADP the DET very ADV large ADJ areas NOUN of ADP land NOUN on ADP Earth PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 continent det 2 continent continent NOUN Number=Sing 4 one nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 one cop 4 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card root root 5 of of ADP _ 9 areas case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 areas det 7 very very ADV _ 8 large advmod 8 large large ADJ Degree=Pos 9 areas amod 9 areas area NOUN Number=Plur 4 one nmod 10 of of ADP _ 11 land case 11 land land NOUN Number=Sing 9 areas nmod 12 on on ADP _ 13 Earth case 13 Earth Earth PROPN Number=Sing 11 land nmod 14 . . PUNCT _ 4 one punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a continent one of the large areas of land on Earth tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Most people count seven continents.
amod nsubj nummod obj punct root Most ADJ people NOUN count VERB seven NUM continents NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Most most ADJ Degree=Sup 2 people amod 2 people people NOUN Number=Plur 3 count nsubj 3 count count VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 seven seven NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 5 continents nummod 5 continents continent NOUN Number=Plur 3 count obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 count punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 count present Most people seven continents vn multiply-108 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent continent=Theme
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
Africa, Antarctica, Asia, Australia (Oceania), Europe, North America and South America.
The tree, 11 words punct conj punct conj punct conj punct appos punct punct conj punct compound conj cc compound conj punct root Africa PROPN , PUNCT Antarctica PROPN , PUNCT Asia PROPN , PUNCT Australia PROPN ( PUNCT Oceania PROPN ) PUNCT , PUNCT Europe PROPN , PUNCT North PROPN America PROPN and CCONJ South PROPN America PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Africa Africa PROPN Number=Sing root root 2 , , PUNCT _ 3 Antarctica punct 3 Antarctica Antarctica PROPN Number=Sing 1 Africa conj 4 , , PUNCT _ 5 Asia punct 5 Asia Asia PROPN Number=Sing 1 Africa conj 6 , , PUNCT _ 7 Australia punct 7 Australia Australia PROPN Number=Sing 1 Africa conj 8 ( ( PUNCT _ 9 Oceania punct 9 Oceania Oceania PROPN Number=Sing 1 Africa appos 10 ) ) PUNCT _ 9 Oceania punct 11 , , PUNCT _ 12 Europe punct 12 Europe Europe PROPN Number=Sing 9 Oceania conj 13 , , PUNCT _ 15 America punct 14 North North PROPN Number=Sing 15 America compound 15 America America PROPN Number=Sing 9 Oceania conj 16 and and CCONJ _ 18 America cc 17 South South PROPN Number=Sing 18 America compound 18 America America PROPN Number=Sing 9 Oceania conj 19 . . PUNCT _ 9 Oceania punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Meaning 3 In Britain, «the Continent» can mean mainland Europe.
case obl punct punct det nsubj punct aux compound obj punct root In ADP Britain PROPN , PUNCT « PUNCT the DET Continent PROPN » PUNCT can AUX mean VERB mainland NOUN Europe PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 Britain case 2 Britain Britain PROPN Number=Sing 9 mean obl 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 Britain punct 4 « « PUNCT _ 6 Continent punct 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 Continent det 6 Continent Continent PROPN Number=Sing 9 mean nsubj 7 » » PUNCT _ 6 Continent punct 8 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 9 mean aux 9 mean mean VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 10 mainland mainland NOUN Number=Sing 11 Europe compound 11 Europe Europe PROPN Number=Sing 9 mean obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 9 mean punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean can the Continent mainland Europe in Britain vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot europe=Theme in britain=Attribute
Example 1 There are seven continents on Earth.
expl nummod nsubj case nmod punct root There PRON are VERB seven NUM continents NOUN on ADP Earth PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 There there PRON PronType=Dem 2 are expl 2 are be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 seven seven NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 4 continents nummod 4 continents continent NOUN Number=Plur 2 are nsubj 5 on on ADP _ 6 Earth case 6 Earth Earth PROPN Number=Sing 4 continents nmod 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 are punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 does present seven continents on Earth there vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 2 Asia is the largest continent.
nsubj cop det amod punct root Asia PROPN is AUX the DET largest ADJ continent NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Asia Asia PROPN Number=Sing 5 continent nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 continent cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 continent det 4 largest large ADJ Degree=Sup 5 continent amod 5 continent continent NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 . . PUNCT _ 5 continent punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Asia the largest continent tree rules
Example 3 Penguins live in Antarctica, the coldest continent.
nsubj case obl punct det amod conj punct root Penguins NOUN live VERB in ADP Antarctica PROPN , PUNCT the DET coldest ADJ continent NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Penguins penguin NOUN Number=Plur 2 live nsubj 2 live live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 in in ADP _ 4 Antarctica case 4 Antarctica Antarctica PROPN Number=Sing 2 live obl 5 , , PUNCT _ 8 continent punct 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 continent det 7 coldest cold ADJ Degree=Sup 8 continent amod 8 continent continent NOUN Number=Sing 4 Antarctica conj 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 live punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 live present Penguins Antarctica and the coldest continent vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in antarctica=Location
Example 4 The USA and Canada are on the continent of North America.
det nsubj cc conj cop case det case compound nmod punct root The DET USA PROPN and CCONJ Canada PROPN are AUX on ADP the DET continent NOUN of ADP North PROPN America PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 USA det 2 USA USA PROPN Number=Sing 8 continent nsubj 3 and and CCONJ _ 4 Canada cc 4 Canada Canada PROPN Number=Sing 2 USA conj 5 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 continent cop 6 on on ADP _ 8 continent case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 continent det 8 continent continent NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 of of ADP _ 11 America case 10 North North PROPN Number=Sing 11 America compound 11 America America PROPN Number=Sing 8 continent nmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 8 continent punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present the USA and Canada the continent of North America tree rules
Example 5 Australia is both a country and a continent.
nsubj cop cc:preconj det cc det conj punct root Australia PROPN is AUX both CCONJ a DET country NOUN and CCONJ a DET continent NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Australia Australia PROPN Number=Sing 5 country nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 country cop 3 both both CCONJ _ 5 country cc:preconj 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 country det 5 country country NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 and and CCONJ _ 8 continent cc 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 continent det 8 continent continent NOUN Number=Sing 5 country conj 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 country punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Australia a country and a continent tree rules
Example 6 We coloured each continent a different colour on the map.
nsubj det obj det amod obj case det nmod punct root We PRON coloured VERB each DET continent NOUN a DET different ADJ colour NOUN on ADP the DET map NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 coloured nsubj 2 coloured colour VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 each each DET PronType=Tot 4 continent det 4 continent continent NOUN Number=Sing 2 coloured obj 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 colour det 6 different different ADJ Degree=Pos 7 colour amod 7 colour colour NOUN Number=Sing 2 coloured obj 8 on on ADP _ 10 map case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 map det 10 map map NOUN Number=Sing 7 colour nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 coloured punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 colour past We each continent tree rules
Example 7 The Amazon rainforest is in South America.
det compound nsubj cop case compound punct root The DET Amazon PROPN rainforest NOUN is AUX in ADP South PROPN America PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 rainforest det 2 Amazon Amazon PROPN Number=Sing 3 rainforest compound 3 rainforest rainforest NOUN Number=Sing 7 America nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 America cop 5 in in ADP _ 7 America case 6 South South PROPN Number=Sing 7 America compound 7 America America PROPN Number=Sing root root 8 . . PUNCT _ 7 America punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present the Amazon rainforest South America tree rules
Example 8 Long ago the continents were joined together.
advmod advmod det nsubj:pass aux:pass advmod punct root Long ADV ago ADV the DET continents NOUN were AUX joined VERB together ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Long long ADV Degree=Pos 2 ago advmod 2 ago ago ADV _ 6 joined advmod 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 continents det 4 continents continent NOUN Number=Plur 6 joined nsubj:pass 5 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 joined aux:pass 6 joined join VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 7 together together ADV _ 6 joined advmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 6 joined punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 join past · passive the continents ago, together property vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
Example 9 I am, however, not so much concerned with the original explanation of the Jataka as to trace its travels across the continents of Asia, Africa, and America.
The tree, 27 words nsubj punct advmod punct advmod advmod advmod advcl case det amod obl case det nmod mark mark acl nmod:poss ccomp case det obl case nmod punct conj punct cc obl punct root I PRON am AUX , PUNCT however ADV , PUNCT not PART so ADV much ADV concerned ADJ with ADP the DET original ADJ explanation NOUN of ADP the DET Jataka PROPN as SCONJ to PART trace VERB its PRON travels VERB across ADP the DET continents NOUN of ADP Asia PROPN , PUNCT Africa PROPN , PUNCT and CCONJ America PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 am nsubj 2 am be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 , , PUNCT _ 9 concerned punct 4 however however ADV _ 9 concerned advmod 5 , , PUNCT _ 4 however punct 6 not not PART Polarity=Neg 8 much advmod 7 so so ADV _ 8 much advmod 8 much much ADV _ 9 concerned advmod 9 concerned concerned ADJ Degree=Pos 2 am advcl 10 with with ADP _ 13 explanation case 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 explanation det 12 original original ADJ Degree=Pos 13 explanation amod 13 explanation explanation NOUN Number=Sing 9 concerned obl 14 of of ADP _ 16 Jataka case 15 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 16 Jataka det 16 Jataka Jataka PROPN Number=Sing 13 explanation nmod 17 as as SCONJ _ 19 trace mark 18 to to PART _ 19 trace mark 19 trace trace VERB VerbForm=Inf 13 explanation acl 20 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 21 travels nmod:poss 21 travels travel VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 19 trace ccomp 22 across across ADP _ 24 continents case 23 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 24 continents det 24 continents continent NOUN Number=Plur 21 travels obl 25 of of ADP _ 26 Asia case 26 Asia Asia PROPN Number=Sing 24 continents nmod 27 , , PUNCT _ 28 Africa punct 28 Africa Africa PROPN Number=Sing 26 Asia conj 29 , , PUNCT _ 31 America punct 30 and and CCONJ _ 31 America cc 31 America America PROPN Number=Sing 19 trace obl 32 . . PUNCT _ 2 am punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 trace to-infinitive America tree rules
2 travel present the continents of Asia and Africa vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme across continent=Trajectory
3 explain the Jataka nom explanation «communication intransitive»: of=agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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