continuous Who acts: Going, measurements, I, It, you, She · What happens: go on, stop, break, be, form, take · To what, where: continuous rain, verb, value, range, shape, one continuous line · Speech: someone speaks here
«continuous» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: continuous in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Going on without stopping or breaking: continuous rain.
csubj compound:prt mark advcl cc punct amod obl punct root Going VERB on ADP without SCONJ stopping VERB or CCONJ breaking VERB : PUNCT continuous ADJ rain NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Going go VERB VerbForm=Ger 6 breaking csubj 2 on on ADP _ 1 Going compound:prt 3 without without SCONJ _ 4 stopping mark 4 stopping stop VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 1 Going advcl 5 or or CCONJ _ 6 breaking cc 6 breaking break VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 7 : : PUNCT _ 9 rain punct 8 continuous continuous ADJ Degree=Pos 9 rain amod 9 rain rain NOUN Number=Sing 6 breaking obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 6 breaking punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 go on gerund vn function-105.2.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 stop gerund vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality 3 break gerund Going continuous rain vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Without gaps or spaces: a continuous line.
case cc conj punct det amod conj punct root Without ADP gaps NOUN or CCONJ spaces NOUN : PUNCT a DET continuous ADJ line NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Without without ADP _ 2 gaps case 2 gaps gap NOUN Number=Plur root root 3 or or CCONJ _ 4 spaces cc 4 spaces space NOUN Number=Plur 2 gaps conj 5 : : PUNCT _ 8 line punct 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 line det 7 continuous continuous ADJ Degree=Pos 8 line amod 8 line line NOUN Number=Sing 2 gaps conj 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 gaps punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Meaning 3 Usage: grammar — kept apart, not parsed.
The continuous (progressive) form of a verb, with be + -ing.
The tree, 11 words det amod punct amod punct case det nmod punct case cop cc punct conj punct root The DET continuous ADJ ( PUNCT progressive ADJ ) PUNCT form NOUN of ADP a DET verb NOUN , PUNCT with ADP be AUX + SYM - PUNCT ing NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 form det 2 continuous continuous ADJ Degree=Pos 6 form amod 3 ( ( PUNCT _ 4 progressive punct 4 progressive progressive ADJ Degree=Pos 6 form amod 5 ) ) PUNCT _ 4 progressive punct 6 form form NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 of of ADP _ 9 verb case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 verb det 9 verb verb NOUN Number=Sing 6 form nmod 10 , , PUNCT _ 15 ing punct 11 with with ADP _ 15 ing case 12 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 15 ing cop 13 + + SYM _ 15 ing cc 14 - - PUNCT _ 15 ing punct 15 ing ing NOUN Number=Sing 6 form conj 16 . . PUNCT _ 6 form punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is infinitive with ing tree rules 2 form a verb nom form «communication transitive»: of=patient
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
"I am reading".
punct nsubj aux punct punct root " PUNCT I PRON am AUX reading VERB " PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 4 reading punct 2 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 4 reading nsubj 3 am be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 reading aux 4 reading read VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 5 " " PUNCT _ 4 reading punct 6 . . PUNCT _ 4 reading punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 read in a quote present · progressive I vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Meaning 4 Usage: maths — kept apart, not parsed.
Continuous data: measurements that can take any value in a range, like height or time, not just whole numbers.
The tree, 19 words amod punct conj nsubj aux acl:relcl det obj case det obl punct case obl cc conj punct advmod advmod amod conj punct root Continuous ADJ data NOUN : PUNCT measurements NOUN that PRON can AUX take VERB any DET value NOUN in ADP a DET range NOUN , PUNCT like ADP height NOUN or CCONJ time NOUN , PUNCT not PART just ADV whole ADJ numbers NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Continuous continuous ADJ Degree=Pos 2 data amod 2 data data NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 : : PUNCT _ 4 measurements punct 4 measurements measurement NOUN Number=Plur 2 data conj 5 that that PRON PronType=Rel 7 take nsubj 6 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 7 take aux 7 take take VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 measurements acl:relcl 8 any any DET PronType=Ind 9 value det 9 value value NOUN Number=Sing 7 take obj 10 in in ADP _ 12 range case 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 range det 12 range range NOUN Number=Sing 7 take obl 13 , , PUNCT _ 15 height punct 14 like like ADP _ 15 height case 15 height height NOUN Number=Sing 7 take obl 16 or or CCONJ _ 17 time cc 17 time time NOUN Number=Sing 15 height conj 18 , , PUNCT _ 22 numbers punct 19 not not PART Polarity=Neg 22 numbers advmod 20 just just ADV _ 22 numbers advmod 21 whole whole ADJ Degree=Pos 22 numbers amod 22 numbers number NOUN Number=Plur 15 height conj 23 . . PUNCT _ 2 data punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 take can measurements any value a range like height or time and whole numbers vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent value=Value in range=Location
Example 1 It was continuous rain all day.
nsubj cop amod det nmod:unmarked punct root It PRON was AUX continuous ADJ rain NOUN all DET day NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 rain nsubj 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 rain cop 3 continuous continuous ADJ Degree=Pos 4 rain amod 4 rain rain NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 all all DET PronType=Tot 6 day det 6 day day NOUN Number=Sing 4 rain nmod:unmarked 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 rain punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past It continuous rain day tree rules
Example 2 Draw the shape in one continuous line without lifting your pencil.
det obj case nummod amod obl mark advcl nmod:poss obj punct root Draw VERB the DET shape NOUN in ADP one NUM continuous ADJ line NOUN without SCONJ lifting VERB your PRON pencil NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Draw draw VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 shape det 3 shape shape NOUN Number=Sing 1 Draw obj 4 in in ADP _ 7 line case 5 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 7 line nummod 6 continuous continuous ADJ Degree=Pos 7 line amod 7 line line NOUN Number=Sing 1 Draw obl 8 without without SCONJ _ 9 lifting mark 9 lifting lift VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 1 Draw advcl 10 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 11 pencil nmod:poss 11 pencil pencil NOUN Number=Sing 9 lifting obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 1 Draw punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 draw imperative you not said here the shape one continuous line vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent shape=Theme in line=Destination 2 lift gerund you not said here your pencil vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pencil=Theme
Example 3 "She is singing" is in the present continuous.
punct nsubj aux csubj punct cop case det amod punct root " PUNCT She PRON is AUX singing VERB " PUNCT is AUX in ADP the DET present ADJ continuous NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 4 singing punct 2 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 singing nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 singing aux 4 singing sing VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 10 continuous csubj 5 " " PUNCT _ 4 singing punct 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 continuous cop 7 in in ADP _ 10 continuous case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 continuous det 9 present present ADJ Degree=Pos 10 continuous amod 10 continuous continuous NOUN Number=Sing root root 11 . . PUNCT _ 10 continuous punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sing speech: express in a quote present · progressive She vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location 2 is present singing the present continuous tree rules
Example 4 Height is continuous data, but the number of children is discrete data.
nsubj cop amod punct cc det nsubj case nmod cop amod conj punct root Height NOUN is AUX continuous ADJ data NOUN , PUNCT but CCONJ the DET number NOUN of ADP children NOUN is AUX discrete ADJ data NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Height height NOUN Number=Sing 4 data nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 data cop 3 continuous continuous ADJ Degree=Pos 4 data amod 4 data data NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 , , PUNCT _ 13 data punct 6 but but CCONJ _ 13 data cc 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 number det 8 number number NOUN Number=Sing 13 data nsubj 9 of of ADP _ 10 children case 10 children child NOUN Number=Plur 8 number nmod 11 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 data cop 12 discrete discrete ADJ Degree=Pos 13 data amod 13 data data NOUN Number=Sing 4 data conj 14 . . PUNCT _ 4 data punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Height continuous data but discrete data tree rules 2 is a present the number of children discrete data tree rules
Example 5 The factory runs on a continuous 24-hour cycle.
det nsubj case det amod nummod punct compound obl punct root The DET factory NOUN runs VERB on ADP a DET continuous ADJ 24 NUM - PUNCT hour NOUN cycle NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 factory det 2 factory factory NOUN Number=Sing 3 runs nsubj 3 runs run VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 on on ADP _ 10 cycle case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 cycle det 6 continuous continuous ADJ Degree=Pos 10 cycle amod 7 24 24 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 9 hour nummod 8 - - PUNCT _ 7 24 punct 9 hour hour NOUN Number=Sing 10 cycle compound 10 cycle cycle NOUN Number=Sing 3 runs obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 runs punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 run present the factory a continuous hour cycle vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on cycle=Trajectory
Example 6 A continuous beep means the battery is low.
det amod nsubj det nsubj cop ccomp punct root A DET continuous ADJ beep NOUN means VERB the DET battery NOUN is AUX low ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 beep det 2 continuous continuous ADJ Degree=Pos 3 beep amod 3 beep beep NOUN Number=Sing 4 means nsubj 4 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 battery det 6 battery battery NOUN Number=Sing 8 low nsubj 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 low cop 8 low low ADJ Degree=Pos 4 means ccomp 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present a continuous beep vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent 2 is present the battery low property tree rules
Example 7 An Imperial Edict was sent forth to all the Buddhist temples commanding the priests to offer up continuous prayers to Heaven to stop the noise of the flood.
The tree, 28 words det amod nsubj:pass aux:pass advmod case det:predet det amod obl acl det obj mark advcl compound:prt amod obj case obl mark advcl det obj case det nmod punct root An DET Imperial ADJ Edict NOUN was AUX sent VERB forth ADV to ADP all DET the DET Buddhist ADJ temples NOUN commanding VERB the DET priests NOUN to PART offer VERB up ADP continuous ADJ prayers NOUN to ADP Heaven PROPN to PART stop VERB the DET noise NOUN of ADP the DET flood NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 Edict det 2 Imperial imperial ADJ Degree=Pos 3 Edict amod 3 Edict edict NOUN Number=Sing 5 sent nsubj:pass 4 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 sent aux:pass 5 sent send VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 forth forth ADV _ 5 sent advmod 7 to to ADP _ 11 temples case 8 all all DET PronType=Tot 11 temples det:predet 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 temples det 10 Buddhist buddhist ADJ Degree=Pos 11 temples amod 11 temples temple NOUN Number=Plur 5 sent obl 12 commanding command VERB VerbForm=Ger 11 temples acl 13 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 14 priests det 14 priests priest NOUN Number=Plur 12 commanding obj 15 to to PART _ 16 offer mark 16 offer offer VERB VerbForm=Inf 12 commanding advcl 17 up up ADP _ 16 offer compound:prt 18 continuous continuous ADJ Degree=Pos 19 prayers amod 19 prayers prayer NOUN Number=Plur 16 offer obj 20 to to ADP _ 21 Heaven case 21 Heaven Heaven PROPN Number=Sing 16 offer obl 22 to to PART _ 23 stop mark 23 stop stop VERB VerbForm=Inf 16 offer advcl 24 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 25 noise det 25 noise noise NOUN Number=Sing 23 stop obj 26 of of ADP _ 28 flood case 27 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 28 flood det 28 flood flood NOUN Number=Sing 25 noise nmod 29 . . PUNCT _ 5 sent punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 send past · passive a Imperial Edict all Buddhist temples forth property vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme to temple=Destination 2 command gerund all Buddhist temples not said here the priests vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.predicate»: agent=Agent priest=Eventuality 3 offer up to-infinitive all Buddhist temples not said here continuous prayers Heaven vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent prayer=Theme to heaven=Goal 4 stop to-infinitive all Buddhist temples not said here the noise of the flood vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality noise=Eventuality 5 noise the flood nom noise «event intransitive»: of=agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
← previous continuitynext → continuously↑ back to C in school dictionary This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/C/continuous/