coral Who acts: Coral, Coral reefs, tiny animals, you, Hot water, She · What happens: be, make, build up, build, call, not touch · To what, where: hard stony material, reefs, one, orange colour, Great Barrier Reef, Coral · Speech: someone speaks here
«coral» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: coral in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Coral is a hard, stony material made by tiny sea animals; over many years it builds up into reefs in warm, shallow seas.
The tree, 23 words nsubj cop det amod punct amod acl case amod compound obl punct case amod obl nsubj conj compound:prt case obl case amod punct amod obl punct root Coral NOUN is AUX a DET hard ADJ , PUNCT stony ADJ material NOUN made VERB by ADP tiny ADJ sea NOUN animals NOUN ; PUNCT over ADP many ADJ years NOUN it PRON builds VERB up ADP into ADP reefs NOUN in ADP warm ADJ , PUNCT shallow ADJ seas NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Coral coral NOUN Number=Sing 7 material nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 material cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 material det 4 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 7 material amod 5 , , PUNCT _ 4 hard punct 6 stony stony ADJ Degree=Pos 7 material amod 7 material material NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 material acl 9 by by ADP _ 12 animals case 10 tiny tiny ADJ Degree=Pos 12 animals amod 11 sea sea NOUN Number=Sing 12 animals compound 12 animals animal NOUN Number=Plur 8 made obl 13 ; ; PUNCT _ 18 builds punct 14 over over ADP _ 16 years case 15 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 16 years amod 16 years year NOUN Number=Plur 18 builds obl 17 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 18 builds nsubj 18 builds build VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 material conj 19 up up ADP _ 18 builds compound:prt 20 into into ADP _ 21 reefs case 21 reefs reef NOUN Number=Plur 18 builds obl 22 in in ADP _ 26 seas case 23 warm warm ADJ Degree=Pos 26 seas amod 24 , , PUNCT _ 23 warm punct 25 shallow shallow ADJ Degree=Pos 26 seas amod 26 seas sea NOUN Number=Plur 18 builds obl 27 . . PUNCT _ 7 material punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Coral a hard stony material tree rules 2 make participle a hard stony material not said here by tiny sea animals vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset 3 build up present Coral reefs year in warm shallow seas vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A coral is one of these tiny animals, or a group of them.
The tree, 13 words det nsubj cop case det amod nmod punct cc det conj case nmod punct root A DET coral NOUN is AUX one NUM of ADP these DET tiny ADJ animals NOUN , PUNCT or CCONJ a DET group NOUN of ADP them PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 coral det 2 coral coral NOUN Number=Sing 4 one nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 one cop 4 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card root root 5 of of ADP _ 8 animals case 6 these this DET Number=Plur PronType=Dem 8 animals det 7 tiny tiny ADJ Degree=Pos 8 animals amod 8 animals animal NOUN Number=Plur 4 one nmod 9 , , PUNCT _ 12 group punct 10 or or CCONJ _ 12 group cc 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 group det 12 group group NOUN Number=Sing 4 one conj 13 of of ADP _ 14 them case 14 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 12 group nmod 15 . . PUNCT _ 4 one punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a coral one or a group of animals of this tiny animals tree rules
Meaning 3 Coral is a pinkish-orange colour.
nsubj cop det amod punct amod punct root Coral NOUN is AUX a DET pinkish ADJ - PUNCT orange ADJ colour NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Coral coral NOUN Number=Sing 7 colour nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 colour cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 colour det 4 pinkish pinkish ADJ Degree=Pos 6 orange amod 5 - - PUNCT _ 4 pinkish punct 6 orange orange ADJ Degree=Pos 7 colour amod 7 colour colour NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 . . PUNCT _ 7 colour punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Coral a orange colour tree rules
Example 1 Coral reefs are full of colourful fish.
compound nsubj cop case amod obl punct root Coral NOUN reefs NOUN are AUX full ADJ of ADP colourful ADJ fish NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Coral coral NOUN _ 2 reefs compound 2 reefs reef NOUN Number=Plur 4 full nsubj 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 full cop 4 full full ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 of of ADP _ 7 fish case 6 colourful colourful ADJ Degree=Pos 7 fish amod 7 fish fish NOUN Number=Sing 4 full obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 full punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Coral reefs of colourful fish; full property tree rules
Example 2 The Great Barrier Reef is made of coral.
det amod compound nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl punct root The DET Great ADJ Barrier PROPN Reef PROPN is AUX made VERB of ADP coral NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 Reef det 2 Great great ADJ Degree=Pos 4 Reef amod 3 Barrier Barrier PROPN Number=Sing 4 Reef compound 4 Reef Reef PROPN Number=Sing 6 made nsubj:pass 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 made aux:pass 6 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 7 of of ADP _ 8 coral case 8 coral coral NOUN Number=Sing 6 made obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make present · passive the Great Barrier Reef of coral vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product
Example 3 Coral is built by tiny animals called polyps.
nsubj:pass aux:pass case amod obl acl xcomp punct root Coral NOUN is AUX built VERB by ADP tiny ADJ animals NOUN called VERB polyps NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Coral coral NOUN Number=Sing 3 built nsubj:pass 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 built aux:pass 3 built build VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 by by ADP _ 6 animals case 5 tiny tiny ADJ Degree=Pos 6 animals amod 6 animals animal NOUN Number=Plur 3 built obl 7 called call VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 animals acl 8 polyps polyp NOUN Number=Plur 7 called xcomp 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 built punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 build present · passive tiny animals Coral vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Product 2 call participle tiny animals not said here polyps vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 4 Don't touch or break the coral when you snorkel.
aux advmod cc conj det obj mark nsubj advcl punct root Do AUX n't PART touch VERB or CCONJ break VERB the DET coral NOUN when SCONJ you PRON snorkel VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Do do AUX Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 3 touch aux 2 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 3 touch advmod 3 touch touch VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 4 or or CCONJ _ 5 break cc 5 break break VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 3 touch conj 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 coral det 7 coral coral NOUN Number=Sing 5 break obj 8 when when SCONJ _ 10 snorkel mark 9 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 10 snorkel nsubj 10 snorkel snorkel VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 break advcl 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 touch punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not touch imperative · do-support you not said here vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 break infinitive you not said here the coral vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer coral=Patient 3 snorkel present you tree rules
Example 5 Hot water can turn coral white, which is called bleaching.
amod nsubj aux amod xcomp punct nsubj:pass aux:pass parataxis xcomp punct root Hot ADJ water NOUN can AUX turn VERB coral ADJ white ADJ , PUNCT which PRON is AUX called VERB bleaching NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Hot hot ADJ Degree=Pos 2 water amod 2 water water NOUN Number=Sing 4 turn nsubj 3 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 turn aux 4 turn turn VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 coral coral ADJ Degree=Pos 6 white amod 6 white white ADJ Degree=Pos 4 turn xcomp 7 , , PUNCT _ 10 called punct 8 which which PRON PronType=Rel 10 called nsubj:pass 9 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 called aux:pass 10 called call VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 turn parataxis 11 bleaching bleaching NOUN Number=Sing 10 called xcomp 12 . . PUNCT _ 4 turn punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 turn can Hot water white property vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme 2 call present · passive bleaching vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient
Example 6 She painted her room coral pink.
nsubj nmod:poss obj amod obj punct root She PRON painted VERB her PRON room NOUN coral ADJ pink NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 painted nsubj 2 painted paint VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 room nmod:poss 4 room room NOUN Number=Sing 2 painted obj 5 coral coral ADJ Degree=Pos 6 pink amod 6 pink pink NOUN Number=Sing 2 painted obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 painted punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 paint past She her room vn coloring-24 «NP V NP ADJP»: agent=Agent room=Patient pink=Result
Example 7 We saw many different corals in the aquarium.
nsubj amod amod obj case det obl punct root We PRON saw VERB many ADJ different ADJ corals NOUN in ADP the DET aquarium NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 saw nsubj 2 saw see VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 5 corals amod 4 different different ADJ Degree=Pos 5 corals amod 5 corals coral NOUN Number=Plur 2 saw obj 6 in in ADP _ 8 aquarium case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 aquarium det 8 aquarium aquarium NOUN Number=Sing 2 saw obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 saw punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 see past We many different corals the aquarium vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer coral=Stimulus
Example 8 Its walls are built of coral, and the long, gothic windows are of the clearest amber.
The tree, 16 words nmod:poss nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl punct cc det amod punct amod nsubj cop case det amod obl punct root Its PRON walls NOUN are AUX built VERB of ADP coral NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ the DET long ADJ , PUNCT gothic ADJ windows NOUN are AUX of ADP the DET clearest ADJ amber NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 walls nmod:poss 2 walls wall NOUN Number=Plur 4 built nsubj:pass 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 built aux:pass 4 built build VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 of of ADP _ 6 coral case 6 coral coral NOUN Number=Sing 4 built obl 7 , , PUNCT _ 18 amber punct 8 and and CCONJ _ 18 amber cc 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 windows det 10 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 13 windows amod 11 , , PUNCT _ 10 long punct 12 gothic gothic ADJ Degree=Pos 13 windows amod 13 windows window NOUN Number=Plur 18 amber nsubj 14 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 18 amber cop 15 of of ADP _ 18 amber case 16 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 18 amber det 17 clearest clear ADJ Degree=Sup 18 amber amod 18 amber amber NOUN Number=Sing 4 built obl 19 . . PUNCT _ 4 built punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 build present · passive Its walls of coral vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product 2 is present the long gothic windows of the clearest amber tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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