coronavirus Who acts: viruses, illnesses, spikes, virus, COVID pandemic, illness · What happens: cause, have, look, spread, name, wash · To what, where: illnesses, common cold, spikes, microscope, COVID pandemic, world
«coronavirus» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: coronavirus in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 One of a family of viruses that can cause illnesses in people and animals, from a common cold to serious illnesses. Under a microscope they have spikes that look like a crown.
Sentence 1: One of a family of viruses that can cause illnesses in people and animals, from a common cold to serious illnesses.
The tree, 21 words case det nmod case nmod nsubj aux acl:relcl obj case obl cc conj punct case det amod obl case amod nmod punct root One NUM of ADP a DET family NOUN of ADP viruses NOUN that PRON can AUX cause VERB illnesses NOUN in ADP people NOUN and CCONJ animals NOUN , PUNCT from ADP a DET common ADJ cold NOUN to ADP serious ADJ illnesses NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 One one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card root root 2 of of ADP _ 4 family case 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 family det 4 family family NOUN Number=Sing 1 One nmod 5 of of ADP _ 6 viruses case 6 viruses virus NOUN Number=Plur 4 family nmod 7 that that PRON PronType=Rel 9 cause nsubj 8 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 9 cause aux 9 cause cause VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 viruses acl:relcl 10 illnesses illness NOUN Number=Plur 9 cause obj 11 in in ADP _ 12 people case 12 people people NOUN Number=Plur 9 cause obl 13 and and CCONJ _ 14 animals cc 14 animals animal NOUN Number=Plur 12 people conj 15 , , PUNCT _ 19 cold punct 16 from from ADP _ 19 cold case 17 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 19 cold det 18 common common ADJ Degree=Pos 19 cold amod 19 cold cold NOUN Number=Sing 9 cause obl 20 to to ADP _ 22 illnesses case 21 serious serious ADJ Degree=Pos 22 illnesses amod 22 illnesses illness NOUN Number=Plur 19 cold nmod 23 . . PUNCT _ 1 One punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cause can viruses illnesses a common cold to serious illnesses in people and animals vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition illness=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Under a microscope they have spikes that look like a crown.
case det obl nsubj obj nsubj acl:relcl case det obl punct root Under ADP a DET microscope NOUN they PRON have VERB spikes NOUN that PRON look VERB like ADP a DET crown NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Under under ADP _ 3 microscope case 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 microscope det 3 microscope microscope NOUN Number=Sing 5 have obl 4 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 have nsubj 5 have have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 spikes spike NOUN Number=Plur 5 have obj 7 that that PRON PronType=Rel 8 look nsubj 8 look look VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 spikes acl:relcl 9 like like ADP _ 11 crown case 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 crown det 11 crown crown NOUN Number=Sing 8 look obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 5 have punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present illnesses = illness spikes a microscope vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spike=Patient 2 look present spikes like a crown vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus
Meaning 2 Usage: everyday — kept apart, not parsed.
The virus that caused the COVID-19 pandemic that spread around the world from 2020, and the illness it caused.
The tree, 20 words det nsubj nsubj det compound punct flat obj nsubj acl:relcl case det obl case obl punct cc det nsubj nsubj conj punct root The DET virus NOUN that PRON caused VERB the DET COVID PROPN - PUNCT 19 NUM pandemic NOUN that PRON spread VERB around ADP the DET world NOUN from ADP 2020 NUM , PUNCT and CCONJ the DET illness NOUN it PRON caused VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 virus det 2 virus virus NOUN Number=Sing 4 caused nsubj 3 that that PRON PronType=Rel 4 caused nsubj 4 caused cause VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 pandemic det 6 COVID COVID PROPN Number=Sing 9 pandemic compound 7 - - PUNCT _ 8 19 punct 8 19 19 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 COVID flat 9 pandemic pandemic NOUN Number=Sing 4 caused obj 10 that that PRON PronType=Rel 11 spread nsubj 11 spread spread VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 9 pandemic acl:relcl 12 around around ADP _ 14 world case 13 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 14 world det 14 world world NOUN Number=Sing 11 spread obl 15 from from ADP _ 16 2020 case 16 2020 2020 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 11 spread obl 17 , , PUNCT _ 22 caused punct 18 and and CCONJ _ 22 caused cc 19 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 20 illness det 20 illness illness NOUN Number=Sing 22 caused nsubj 21 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 22 caused nsubj 22 caused cause VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 caused conj 23 . . PUNCT _ 4 caused punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cause past the virus the COVID pandemic vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition pandemic=Patient 2 spread past the COVID pandemic the world from 2020 vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme around world=Location 3 cause past the illness vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition
Example 1 The coronavirus spread around the world in 2020.
det nsubj case det obl case obl punct root The DET coronavirus NOUN spread VERB around ADP the DET world NOUN in ADP 2020 NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 coronavirus det 2 coronavirus coronavirus NOUN Number=Sing 3 spread nsubj 3 spread spread VERB Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 around around ADP _ 6 world case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 world det 6 world world NOUN Number=Sing 3 spread obl 7 in in ADP _ 8 2020 case 8 2020 2020 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 3 spread obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 spread punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 spread past the coronavirus the world in 2020 vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme around world=Location
Example 2 Coronaviruses are named after the crown-like spikes on their surface.
nsubj:pass aux:pass case det compound punct amod obl case nmod:poss nmod punct root Coronaviruses NOUN are AUX named VERB after ADP the DET crown NOUN - PUNCT like ADJ spikes NOUN on ADP their PRON surface NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Coronaviruses coronavirus NOUN Number=Plur 3 named nsubj:pass 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 named aux:pass 3 named name VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 after after ADP _ 9 spikes case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 spikes det 6 crown crown NOUN Number=Sing 8 like compound 7 - - PUNCT _ 6 crown punct 8 like like ADJ Degree=Pos 9 spikes amod 9 spikes spike NOUN Number=Plur 3 named obl 10 on on ADP _ 12 surface case 11 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 12 surface nmod:poss 12 surface surface NOUN Number=Sing 9 spikes nmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 3 named punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 name present · passive Coronaviruses after the like spikes on Coronaviruses's surface vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
Example 3 During the coronavirus lockdown we had school on the computer.
case det compound obl nsubj obj case det obl punct root During ADP the DET coronavirus NOUN lockdown NOUN we PRON had VERB school NOUN on ADP the DET computer NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 During during ADP _ 4 lockdown case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 lockdown det 3 coronavirus coronavirus NOUN Number=Sing 4 lockdown compound 4 lockdown lockdown NOUN Number=Sing 6 had obl 5 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 6 had nsubj 6 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 school school NOUN Number=Sing 6 had obj 8 on on ADP _ 10 computer case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 computer det 10 computer computer NOUN Number=Sing 6 had obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 6 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past we school the computer during the coronavirus lockdown vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent school=Patient
Example 4 Some colds are caused by a coronavirus.
det nsubj aux:pass case det obl punct root Some DET colds NOUN are AUX caused VERB by ADP a DET coronavirus NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Some some DET PronType=Ind 2 colds det 2 colds cold NOUN Number=Plur 4 caused nsubj 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 caused aux:pass 4 caused cause VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 by by ADP _ 7 coronavirus case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 coronavirus det 7 coronavirus coronavirus NOUN Number=Sing 4 caused obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 caused punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cause present · passive a coronavirus some colds vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition subject=Patient
Example 5 Wash your hands to stop viruses like the coronavirus spreading.
nmod:poss obj mark conj obj case det nmod acl punct root Wash VERB your PRON hands NOUN to PART stop VERB viruses NOUN like ADP the DET coronavirus NOUN spreading VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Wash wash VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 hands nmod:poss 3 hands hand NOUN Number=Plur 1 Wash obj 4 to to PART _ 5 stop mark 5 stop stop VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 1 Wash conj 6 viruses virus NOUN Number=Plur 5 stop obj 7 like like ADP _ 9 coronavirus case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 coronavirus det 9 coronavirus coronavirus NOUN Number=Sing 6 viruses nmod 10 spreading spread VERB VerbForm=Ger 5 stop acl 11 . . PUNCT _ 1 Wash punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wash imperative you not said here your hands vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hand=Patient 2 stop to-infinitive you not said here viruses like the coronavirus vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality virus=Eventuality 3 spread gerund vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 6 Scientists made vaccines against the coronavirus.
nsubj obj case det obl punct root Scientists NOUN made VERB vaccines NOUN against ADP the DET coronavirus NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Scientists scientist NOUN Number=Plur 2 made nsubj 2 made make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 vaccines vaccine NOUN Number=Plur 2 made obj 4 against against ADP _ 6 coronavirus case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 coronavirus det 6 coronavirus coronavirus NOUN Number=Sing 2 made obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make past Scientists vaccines against the coronavirus vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset vaccine=Product
Example 7 My nan stayed home a lot while the coronavirus was spreading.
nmod:poss nsubj advmod det obl:unmarked mark det nsubj aux advcl punct root My PRON nan NOUN stayed VERB home ADV a DET lot NOUN while SCONJ the DET coronavirus NOUN was AUX spreading VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 nan nmod:poss 2 nan nan NOUN Number=Sing 3 stayed nsubj 3 stayed stay VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 home home ADV _ 3 stayed advmod 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 lot det 6 lot lot NOUN Number=Sing 3 stayed obl:unmarked 7 while while SCONJ _ 11 spreading mark 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 coronavirus det 9 coronavirus coronavirus NOUN Number=Sing 11 spreading nsubj 10 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 11 spreading aux 11 spreading spread VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 3 stayed advcl 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 stayed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stay past My nan a lot home property vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 spread past · progressive the coronavirus vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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