counterfeit

Who acts: counterfeit, shop, Making, watermark, note, Police · What happens: make, look, trick, mean, pretend, be · To what, where: something, people, fake money, someone, voice, Counterfeit toys · Speech: someone speaks here

«counterfeit» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: counterfeit in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

Made to look exactly like something real in order to trick people; fake, like counterfeit money.

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
2	to	to	PART	_	3 look	mark
3	look	look	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 Made	xcomp
4	exactly	exactly	ADV	_	6 something	advmod
5	like	like	ADP	_	6 something	case
6	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	3 look	obj
7	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 something	amod
8	in	in	SCONJ	ExtPos=SCONJ	11 trick	mark
9	order	order	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 in	fixed
10	to	to	PART	_	11 trick	mark
11	trick	trick	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 look	advcl
12	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 trick	obj
13	;	;	PUNCT	_	14 fake	punct
14	fake	fake	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Made	parataxis
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 money	punct
16	like	like	ADP	_	18 money	case
17	counterfeit	counterfeit	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 money	compound
18	money	money	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 fake	obl
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Made	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	roles by
1	make	participle		tree rules
2	look	to-infinitive	something	vn seem-109-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme something=Attribute
3	trick	to-infinitive	people	vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Usage: noun — kept apart, not parsed.

A fake copy.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 copy	det
2	fake	fake	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 copy	amod
3	copy	copy	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 copy	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Meaning 3

Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.

To make fake money or goods illegally.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 make	mark
2	make	make	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	fake	fake	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 money	amod
4	money	money	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 make	obj
5	or	or	CCONJ	_	6 goods	cc
6	goods	goods	NOUN	Number=Ptan	4 money	conj
7	illegally	illegally	ADV	_	2 make	advmod
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 make	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	to-infinitive		fake money or goods				illegally property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset money=Product

Meaning 4

To counterfeit can also mean to pretend to be someone by copying their voice or looks.

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	5 mean	mark
2	counterfeit	counterfeit	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 mean	nsubj
3	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 mean	aux
4	also	also	ADV	_	5 mean	advmod
5	mean	mean	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	to	to	PART	_	7 pretend	mark
7	pretend	pretend	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 mean	xcomp
8	to	to	PART	_	10 someone	mark
9	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	10 someone	cop
10	someone	someone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	7 pretend	xcomp
11	by	by	SCONJ	_	12 copying	mark
12	copying	copy	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	10 someone	acl
13	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	14 voice	nmod:poss
14	voice	voice	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 copying	obj
15	or	or	CCONJ	_	16 looks	cc
16	looks	look	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 voice	conj
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 mean	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	mean	can	counterfeit		vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	pretend not said to happen	to-infinitive	counterfeit not said here		tree rules
3	is a	to-infinitive	counterfeit not said here	someone	tree rules
4	copy	gerund		their voice	vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent voice=Theme
5	look	present			vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus

Example 1

The shop checks for counterfeit £20 notes.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 shop	det
2	shop	shop	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 checks	nsubj
3	checks	check	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	for	for	ADP	_	5 counterfeit	case
5	counterfeit	counterfeit	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 checks	obl
6	£	£	SYM	_	5 counterfeit	acl:relcl
7	20	20	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	8 notes	nummod
8	notes	note	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 £	nmod
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 checks	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	check	present	the shop					for counterfeit	vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent for counterfeit=Attribute

Example 2

Counterfeit toys may not be safety tested.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Counterfeit	counterfeit	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 toys	compound
2	toys	toy	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 tested	nsubj:pass
3	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 tested	aux
4	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	7 tested	advmod
5	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	7 tested	aux:pass
6	safety	safety	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 tested	compound
7	tested	test	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 tested	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not test	may · passive		Counterfeit toys					vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Example 3

Making counterfeit money is a serious crime.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Making	make	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	7 crime	csubj
2	counterfeit	counterfeit	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 money	compound
3	money	money	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Making	obj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 crime	cop
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 crime	det
6	serious	serious	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 crime	amod
7	crime	crime	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 crime	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	gerund		counterfeit money					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset money=Product
2	is a	present	Making	a serious crime					tree rules

Example 4

The watermark showed the note was counterfeit.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 watermark	det
2	watermark	watermark	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 showed	nsubj
3	showed	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 note	det
5	note	note	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 counterfeit	nsubj
6	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 counterfeit	cop
7	counterfeit	counterfeit	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 showed	ccomp
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 showed	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show	past	the watermark						vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	is a	past	the note	counterfeit					tree rules

Example 5

Police seized thousands of counterfeit watches.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Police	police	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 seized	nsubj
2	seized	seize	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	thousands	thousand	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 seized	obj
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 watches	case
5	counterfeit	counterfeit	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 watches	compound
6	watches	watch	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 thousands	nmod
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 seized	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	seize	past	Police	thousands of counterfeit watches					vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thousand=Theme

Example 6

The forger counterfeited old coins.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 forger	det
2	forger	forger	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 counterfeited	nsubj
3	counterfeited	counterfeit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 coins	amod
5	coins	coin	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 counterfeited	obj
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 counterfeited	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	counterfeit	past	the forger	old coins					tree rules

Example 7

“Your grandchild, Little Red Riding-Hood,” replied the Wolf, counterfeiting her voice; “who has brought you a custard and a little pot of butter sent you by mamma.”

The tree, 28 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	“	"	PUNCT	_	3 grandchild	punct
2	Your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 grandchild	nmod:poss
3	grandchild	grandchild	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 replied	nsubj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 Red	punct
5	Little	Little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 Red	amod
6	Red	Red	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 grandchild	appos
7	Riding	Riding	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 Red	flat
8	-	-	PUNCT	_	9 Hood	punct
9	Hood	Hood	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 Red	conj
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 grandchild	punct
11	”	"	PUNCT	_	3 grandchild	punct
12	replied	reply	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 Wolf	det
14	Wolf	Wolf	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 replied	obj
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 counterfeiting	punct
16	counterfeiting	counterfeit	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	12 replied	advcl
17	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	18 voice	nmod:poss
18	voice	voice	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 counterfeiting	obj
19	;	;	PUNCT	_	23 brought	punct
20	“	"	PUNCT	_	23 brought	punct
21	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	23 brought	nsubj:pass
22	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	23 brought	aux
23	brought	bring	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	12 replied	parataxis
24	you	you	PRON	Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs	23 brought	obj
25	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	26 custard	det
26	custard	custard	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 brought	obj
27	and	and	CCONJ	_	33 sent	cc
28	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	30 pot	det
29	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	30 pot	amod
30	pot	pot	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 sent	nsubj:pass
31	of	of	ADP	_	32 butter	case
32	butter	butter	NOUN	Number=Sing	30 pot	nmod
33	sent	send	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	23 brought	conj
34	you	you	PRON	Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs	33 sent	iobj
35	by	by	ADP	_	36 mamma	case
36	mamma	mamma	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 sent	obl
37	.	.	PUNCT	_	12 replied	punct
38	”	"	PUNCT	_	12 replied	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	roles by
1	reply speech: assert	past	Your grandchild	the Wolf		tree rules
2	counterfeit	gerund	Your grandchild not said here	grandchild's voice		tree rules
3	bring in a quote	present · perfect · passive		you		tree rules
4	send in a quote	participle · passive	mamma	a little pot of butter	you	vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent subject=Destination you=Theme

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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