cowshed Who acts: cowshed, farmer, cows, We, our, bedroom · What happens: be, keep, feed, milk, lead, smell · To what, where: farm building, cows, cowshed, calves, old cowshed, holiday cottage · Speech: someone speaks here
«cowshed» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: cowshed in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A cowshed is a farm building where cows are kept, fed or milked, especially in winter.
The tree, 16 words det nsubj cop det compound advmod nsubj:pass aux:pass acl:relcl punct conj cc conj punct advmod case obl punct root A DET cowshed NOUN is AUX a DET farm NOUN building NOUN where ADV cows NOUN are AUX kept VERB , PUNCT fed VERB or CCONJ milked VERB , PUNCT especially ADV in ADP winter NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 cowshed det 2 cowshed cowshed NOUN Number=Sing 6 building nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 building cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 building det 5 farm farm NOUN Number=Sing 6 building compound 6 building building NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 where where ADV PronType=Rel 10 kept advmod 8 cows cow NOUN Number=Plur 10 kept nsubj:pass 9 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 kept aux:pass 10 kept keep VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 building acl:relcl 11 , , PUNCT _ 12 fed punct 12 fed feed VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 10 kept conj 13 or or CCONJ _ 14 milked cc 14 milked milk VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 12 fed conj 15 , , PUNCT _ 18 winter punct 16 especially especially ADV _ 18 winter advmod 17 in in ADP _ 18 winter case 18 winter winter NOUN Number=Sing 14 milked obl 19 . . PUNCT _ 6 building punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a cowshed a farm building tree rules 2 keep present · passive cows vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme 3 feed participle vn gorge-39.6 «NP V PP.patient»: agent=Agent 4 milk participle winter vn cheat-10.6.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Example 1 The farmer led the cows into the cowshed before the storm.
det nsubj det obj case det obl case det obl punct root The DET farmer NOUN led VERB the DET cows NOUN into ADP the DET cowshed NOUN before ADP the DET storm NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 farmer det 2 farmer farmer NOUN Number=Sing 3 led nsubj 3 led lead VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 cows det 5 cows cow NOUN Number=Plur 3 led obj 6 into into ADP _ 8 cowshed case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 cowshed det 8 cowshed cowshed NOUN Number=Sing 3 led obl 9 before before ADP _ 11 storm case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 storm det 11 storm storm NOUN Number=Sing 3 led obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 led punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lead past the farmer the cows the cowshed before the storm vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent cow=Theme into cowshed=Destination
Example 2 The cowshed smelled of hay and milk.
det nsubj case obl cc conj punct root The DET cowshed NOUN smelled VERB of ADP hay NOUN and CCONJ milk NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 cowshed det 2 cowshed cowshed NOUN Number=Sing 3 smelled nsubj 3 smelled smell VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 of of ADP _ 5 hay case 5 hay hay NOUN Number=Sing 3 smelled obl 6 and and CCONJ _ 7 milk cc 7 milk milk NOUN Number=Sing 5 hay conj 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 smelled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 smell past the cowshed of hay and milk vn smell_emission-43.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Location of hay=Theme
Example 3 In winter the cows stay in the cowshed.
case obl det nsubj case det obl punct root In ADP winter NOUN the DET cows NOUN stay VERB in ADP the DET cowshed NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 winter case 2 winter winter NOUN Number=Sing 5 stay obl 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 cows det 4 cows cow NOUN Number=Plur 5 stay nsubj 5 stay stay VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 in in ADP _ 8 cowshed case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 cowshed det 8 cowshed cowshed NOUN Number=Sing 5 stay obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 stay punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stay present the cows the cowshed winter vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in cowshed=Location
Example 4 We saw the calves in the cowshed on our school trip.
nsubj det obj case det obl case nmod:poss compound nmod punct root We PRON saw VERB the DET calves NOUN in ADP the DET cowshed NOUN on ADP our PRON school NOUN trip NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 saw nsubj 2 saw see VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 calves det 4 calves calf NOUN Number=Plur 2 saw obj 5 in in ADP _ 7 cowshed case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 cowshed det 7 cowshed cowshed NOUN Number=Sing 2 saw obl 8 on on ADP _ 11 trip case 9 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 11 trip nmod:poss 10 school school NOUN Number=Sing 11 trip compound 11 trip trip NOUN Number=Sing 7 cowshed nmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 saw punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 see past We the calves the cowshed on our school trip vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer calf=Stimulus 2 trip our nom trip «act transitive»: poss=agent
Example 5 Your bedroom looks like a cowshed! said Mum.
nmod:poss nsubj case det obl punct parataxis nsubj punct root Your PRON bedroom NOUN looks VERB like ADP a DET cowshed NOUN ! PUNCT said VERB Mum PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 bedroom nmod:poss 2 bedroom bedroom NOUN Number=Sing 3 looks nsubj 3 looks look VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 like like ADP _ 6 cowshed case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 cowshed det 6 cowshed cowshed NOUN Number=Sing 3 looks obl 7 ! ! PUNCT _ 8 said punct 8 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 looks parataxis 9 Mum Mum PROPN Number=Sing 8 said nsubj 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 looks punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 look present Your bedroom like a cowshed vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus 2 say speech: assert past Mum vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
Example 6 The old cowshed has been turned into a holiday cottage.
det amod nsubj aux aux:pass case det compound obl punct root The DET old ADJ cowshed NOUN has AUX been AUX turned VERB into ADP a DET holiday NOUN cottage NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 cowshed det 2 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 3 cowshed amod 3 cowshed cowshed NOUN Number=Sing 6 turned nsubj 4 has have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 turned aux 5 been be AUX Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 6 turned aux:pass 6 turned turn VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 7 into into ADP _ 10 cottage case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 cottage det 9 holiday holiday NOUN Number=Sing 10 cottage compound 10 cottage cottage NOUN Number=Sing 6 turned obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 6 turned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 turn present · perfect · passive the old cowshed a holiday cottage vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: subject=Theme into cottage=Trajectory
Example 7 Then he would go into the cowsheds and unfasten the chains that fixed each beast in its own stall, and let them fall with a heavy clang to the ground.
The tree, 30 words advmod nsubj aux case det obl cc conj det obj nsubj acl:relcl det obj case nmod:poss amod obl punct cc parataxis obj xcomp case det amod obl case det nmod punct root Then ADV he PRON would AUX go VERB into ADP the DET cowsheds NOUN and CCONJ unfasten VERB the DET chains NOUN that PRON fixed VERB each DET beast NOUN in ADP its PRON own ADJ stall NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ let VERB them PRON fall VERB with ADP a DET heavy ADJ clang NOUN to ADP the DET ground NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Then then ADV PronType=Dem 4 go advmod 2 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 go nsubj 3 would would AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 go aux 4 go go VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 into into ADP _ 7 cowsheds case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 cowsheds det 7 cowsheds cowshed NOUN Number=Plur 4 go obl 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 unfasten cc 9 unfasten unfasten VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 go conj 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 chains det 11 chains chain NOUN Number=Plur 9 unfasten obj 12 that that PRON PronType=Rel 13 fixed nsubj 13 fixed fix VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 11 chains acl:relcl 14 each each DET PronType=Tot 15 beast det 15 beast beast NOUN Number=Sing 13 fixed obj 16 in in ADP _ 19 stall case 17 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 19 stall nmod:poss 18 own own ADJ Degree=Pos 19 stall amod 19 stall stall NOUN Number=Sing 13 fixed obl 20 , , PUNCT _ 22 let punct 21 and and CCONJ _ 22 let cc 22 let let VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 4 go parataxis 23 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 22 let obj 24 fall fall VERB VerbForm=Inf 22 let xcomp 25 with with ADP _ 28 clang case 26 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 28 clang det 27 heavy heavy ADJ Degree=Pos 28 clang amod 28 clang clang NOUN Number=Sing 24 fall obl 29 to to ADP _ 31 ground case 30 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 31 ground det 31 ground ground NOUN Number=Sing 28 clang nmod 32 . . PUNCT _ 4 go punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 go would he the cowsheds then vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme into cowshed=Initial_Location 2 unfasten infinitive he not said here the chains vn disassemble-23.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chain=Patient 3 fix past the chains each beast beast's own stall vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent beast=Patient 4 let infinitive chains = chain tree rules 5 fall infinitive chains = chain not said here with a heavy clang to the ground vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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