crabs Who acts: two big claws, We, Crabs, you, Hermit crabs, Dad · What happens: walk, eat, find, hold, not pinch, live · To what, where: meat, three little crabs, rock pool, sand, crabs, you
«crabs» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: crabs in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Sea or shore animals with a hard shell, ten legs and two big claws that walk sideways.
The tree, 17 words nsubj cc compound conj case det amod nmod punct nummod cc nummod amod conj nsubj acl:relcl advmod punct root Sea NOUN or CCONJ shore NOUN animals NOUN with ADP a DET hard ADJ shell NOUN , PUNCT ten NUM legs NOUN and CCONJ two NUM big ADJ claws NOUN that PRON walk VERB sideways ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Sea sea NOUN Number=Sing 11 legs nsubj 2 or or CCONJ _ 4 animals cc 3 shore shore NOUN Number=Sing 4 animals compound 4 animals animal NOUN Number=Plur 1 Sea conj 5 with with ADP _ 8 shell case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 shell det 7 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 8 shell amod 8 shell shell NOUN Number=Sing 4 animals nmod 9 , , PUNCT _ 11 legs punct 10 ten ten NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 11 legs nummod 11 legs leg NOUN Number=Plur root root 12 and and CCONJ _ 15 claws cc 13 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 15 claws nummod 14 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 15 claws amod 15 claws claw NOUN Number=Plur 11 legs conj 16 that that PRON PronType=Rel 17 walk nsubj 17 walk walk VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 15 claws acl:relcl 18 sideways sideways ADV _ 17 walk advmod 19 . . PUNCT _ 11 legs punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 walk present two big claws sideways property vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 The meat of these animals, eaten as food.
det case det nmod punct acl case obl punct root The DET meat NOUN of ADP these DET animals NOUN , PUNCT eaten VERB as ADP food NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 meat det 2 meat meat NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 of of ADP _ 5 animals case 4 these this DET Number=Plur PronType=Dem 5 animals det 5 animals animal NOUN Number=Plur 2 meat nmod 6 , , PUNCT _ 7 eaten punct 7 eaten eat VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 meat acl 8 as as ADP _ 9 food case 9 food food NOUN Number=Sing 7 eaten obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 meat punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 eat participle the meat of this animals not said here as food vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 1 We found three little crabs in the rock pool.
nsubj nummod amod obj case det compound obl punct root We PRON found VERB three NUM little ADJ crabs NOUN in ADP the DET rock NOUN pool NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 found nsubj 2 found find VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 three three NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 5 crabs nummod 4 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 5 crabs amod 5 crabs crab NOUN Number=Plur 2 found obj 6 in in ADP _ 9 pool case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 pool det 8 rock rock NOUN Number=Sing 9 pool compound 9 pool pool NOUN Number=Sing 2 found obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 found punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 find past We three little crabs the rock pool vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent crab=Topic
Example 2 Crabs walk sideways across the sand.
nsubj advmod case det obl punct root Crabs NOUN walk VERB sideways ADV across ADP the DET sand NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Crabs crab NOUN Number=Plur 2 walk nsubj 2 walk walk VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 sideways sideways ADV _ 2 walk advmod 4 across across ADP _ 6 sand case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 sand det 6 sand sand NOUN Number=Sing 2 walk obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 walk punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 walk present Crabs the sand sideways property vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme across sand=Trajectory
Example 3 Hold crabs from behind so they can't pinch you.
obj case obl advmod nsubj aux advmod advcl obj punct root Hold VERB crabs NOUN from ADP behind ADV so ADV they PRON ca AUX n't PART pinch VERB you PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Hold hold VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 crabs crab NOUN Number=Plur 1 Hold obj 3 from from ADP _ 4 behind case 4 behind behind ADV _ 1 Hold obl 5 so so ADV _ 9 pinch advmod 6 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 pinch nsubj 7 ca can AUX VerbForm=Fin 9 pinch aux 8 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 9 pinch advmod 9 pinch pinch VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Hold advcl 10 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 9 pinch obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 1 Hold punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hold imperative you not said here crabs vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent crab=Theme 2 not pinch can crabs = crab you vn steal-10.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme
Example 4 Hermit crabs live in empty shells.
compound nsubj case amod obl punct root Hermit NOUN crabs NOUN live VERB in ADP empty ADJ shells NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Hermit hermit NOUN Number=Sing 2 crabs compound 2 crabs crab NOUN Number=Plur 3 live nsubj 3 live live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 in in ADP _ 6 shells case 5 empty empty ADJ Degree=Pos 6 shells amod 6 shells shell NOUN Number=Plur 3 live obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 live punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 live present Hermit crabs empty shells vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in shell=Location
Example 5 Crabs shed their hard shells when they grow.
nsubj nmod:poss amod obj advmod nsubj advcl punct root Crabs NOUN shed VERB their PRON hard ADJ shells NOUN when ADV they PRON grow VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Crabs crab NOUN Number=Plur 2 shed nsubj 2 shed shed VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 shells nmod:poss 4 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 5 shells amod 5 shells shell NOUN Number=Plur 2 shed obj 6 when when ADV PronType=Int 8 grow advmod 7 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 grow nsubj 8 grow grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 shed advcl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 shed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 shed past Crabs Crabs's hard shells vn substance_emission-43.4-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location shell=Source 2 grow present Crabs = crab vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 6 Put the crabs back in the water before you go home.
det obj advmod case det obl mark nsubj advcl advmod punct root Put VERB the DET crabs NOUN back ADV in ADP the DET water NOUN before SCONJ you PRON go VERB home ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Put put VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 crabs det 3 crabs crab NOUN Number=Plur 1 Put obj 4 back back ADV _ 1 Put advmod 5 in in ADP _ 7 water case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 water det 7 water water NOUN Number=Sing 1 Put obl 8 before before SCONJ _ 10 go mark 9 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 10 go nsubj 10 go go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 Put advcl 11 home home ADV _ 10 go advmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 1 Put punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 put back imperative you not said here the crabs the water vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent crab=Theme in water=Destination 2 go present you home property vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 7 Dad ordered crab cakes at the seaside restaurant.
nsubj compound obj case det compound obl punct root Dad NOUN ordered VERB crab NOUN cakes NOUN at ADP the DET seaside NOUN restaurant NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Dad dad NOUN Number=Sing 2 ordered nsubj 2 ordered order VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 crab crab NOUN Number=Sing 4 cakes compound 4 cakes cake NOUN Number=Plur 2 ordered obj 5 at at ADP _ 8 restaurant case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 restaurant det 7 seaside seaside NOUN Number=Sing 8 restaurant compound 8 restaurant restaurant NOUN Number=Sing 2 ordered obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 ordered punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 order past Dad crab cakes the seaside restaurant vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source NP.asset»: agent=Agent cake=Theme at restaurant=Asset
Example 8 Crabs are crustaceans, not insects.
nsubj cop punct advmod conj punct root Crabs NOUN are AUX crustaceans NOUN , PUNCT not PART insects NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Crabs crab NOUN Number=Plur 3 crustaceans nsubj 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 crustaceans cop 3 crustaceans crustacean NOUN Number=Plur root root 4 , , PUNCT _ 6 insects punct 5 not not PART Polarity=Neg 6 insects advmod 6 insects insect NOUN Number=Plur 3 crustaceans conj 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 crustaceans punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Crabs crustaceans and insects tree rules
Example 9 There grew water-plants, some quite fresh, and others looking sickly, which had water-snakes twining round them, and black crabs clinging to their stems.
The tree, 25 words expl compound punct obj punct nsubj advmod conj punct cc nsubj advcl xcomp punct nsubj parataxis compound punct obj acl case obl punct cc amod obl acl case nmod:poss obl punct root There PRON grew VERB water NOUN - PUNCT plants NOUN , PUNCT some DET quite ADV fresh ADJ , PUNCT and CCONJ others NOUN looking VERB sickly ADJ , PUNCT which PRON had VERB water NOUN - PUNCT snakes NOUN twining VERB round ADP them PRON , PUNCT and CCONJ black ADJ crabs NOUN clinging VERB to ADP their PRON stems NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 There there PRON PronType=Dem 2 grew expl 2 grew grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 water water NOUN Number=Sing 5 plants compound 4 - - PUNCT _ 3 water punct 5 plants plant NOUN Number=Plur 2 grew obj 6 , , PUNCT _ 9 fresh punct 7 some some DET PronType=Ind 9 fresh nsubj 8 quite quite ADV _ 9 fresh advmod 9 fresh fresh ADJ Degree=Pos 2 grew conj 10 , , PUNCT _ 13 looking punct 11 and and CCONJ _ 13 looking cc 12 others other NOUN Number=Plur 13 looking nsubj 13 looking look VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 2 grew advcl 14 sickly sickly ADJ Degree=Pos 13 looking xcomp 15 , , PUNCT _ 17 had punct 16 which which PRON PronType=Rel 17 had nsubj 17 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 13 looking parataxis 18 water water NOUN Number=Sing 20 snakes compound 19 - - PUNCT _ 18 water punct 20 snakes snake NOUN Number=Plur 17 had obj 21 twining twine VERB VerbForm=Ger 20 snakes acl 22 round round ADP _ 23 them case 23 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 21 twining obl 24 , , PUNCT _ 27 crabs punct 25 and and CCONJ _ 27 crabs cc 26 black black ADJ Degree=Pos 27 crabs amod 27 crabs crab NOUN Number=Plur 2 grew obl 28 clinging cling VERB VerbForm=Ger 27 crabs acl 29 to to ADP _ 31 stems case 30 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 31 stems nmod:poss 31 stems stem NOUN Number=Plur 28 clinging obl 32 . . PUNCT _ 2 grew punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 grow past water plants there black crabs obl vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location plant=Theme 2 look gerund others sickly property vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus 3 have past water snakes vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent snake=Patient 4 twine gerund water snakes not said here round others = other vn coil-9.6 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme round they=Destination 5 cling gerund black crabs not said here to others's stems vn cling-22.5 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme to stem=Co-Theme 6 stem others = other nom stem «communication transitive»: poss=agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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