crier Who acts: person, streets, towns, baby, officer, town crier · What happens: walk, ring, shout out, start, have, cry · To what, where: streets, bell, news, Oyez, one, lot · Speech: someone speaks here
«crier» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: crier in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A town crier: in olden times, a person who walked through the streets ringing a bell and shouting out news and announcements, often starting «Oyez! Oyez!» Some towns still have one for ceremonies.
Sentence 1: A town crier: in olden times, a person who walked through the streets ringing a bell and shouting out news and announcements, often starting «Oyez!
The tree, 25 words det compound punct case amod appos punct det appos nsubj acl:relcl case det obl acl det obj cc conj compound:prt obj cc conj punct advmod conj punct obl punct root A DET town NOUN crier NOUN : PUNCT in ADP olden ADJ times NOUN , PUNCT a DET person NOUN who PRON walked VERB through ADP the DET streets NOUN ringing VERB a DET bell NOUN and CCONJ shouting VERB out ADP news NOUN and CCONJ announcements NOUN , PUNCT often ADV starting VERB « PUNCT Oyez PROPN ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 crier det 2 town town NOUN Number=Sing 3 crier compound 3 crier crier NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 : : PUNCT _ 7 times punct 5 in in ADP _ 7 times case 6 olden olden ADJ Degree=Pos 7 times amod 7 times time NOUN Number=Plur 3 crier appos 8 , , PUNCT _ 10 person punct 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 person det 10 person person NOUN Number=Sing 7 times appos 11 who who PRON PronType=Rel 12 walked nsubj 12 walked walk VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 10 person acl:relcl 13 through through ADP _ 15 streets case 14 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 15 streets det 15 streets street NOUN Number=Plur 12 walked obl 16 ringing ring VERB VerbForm=Ger 15 streets acl 17 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 18 bell det 18 bell bell NOUN Number=Sing 16 ringing obj 19 and and CCONJ _ 20 shouting cc 20 shouting shout VERB VerbForm=Ger 16 ringing conj 21 out out ADP _ 20 shouting compound:prt 22 news news NOUN Number=Sing 20 shouting obj 23 and and CCONJ _ 24 announcements cc 24 announcements announcement NOUN Number=Plur 22 news conj 25 , , PUNCT _ 27 starting punct 26 often often ADV _ 27 starting advmod 27 starting start VERB VerbForm=Ger 16 ringing conj 28 « « PUNCT _ 29 Oyez punct 29 Oyez Oyez PROPN Number=Sing 27 starting obl 30 ! ! PUNCT _ 3 crier punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 walk past a person the streets vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through street=Trajectory 2 ring gerund the streets not said here a bell vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location bell=Theme 3 shout out speech: express gerund the streets not said here news and announcements vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent news=Topic 4 start gerund the streets not said here Oyez often property vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Oyez!»
punct punct root Oyez PROPN ! PUNCT » PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Oyez Oyez PROPN Number=Sing root root 2 ! ! PUNCT _ 1 Oyez punct 3 » » PUNCT _ 1 Oyez punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Sentence 3: Some towns still have one for ceremonies.
det nsubj advmod obj case nmod punct root Some DET towns NOUN still ADV have VERB one NUM for ADP ceremonies NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Some some DET PronType=Ind 2 towns det 2 towns town NOUN Number=Plur 4 have nsubj 3 still still ADV _ 4 have advmod 4 have have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 4 have obj 6 for for ADP _ 7 ceremonies case 7 ceremonies ceremony NOUN Number=Plur 5 one nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 have punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present some towns one still for ceremonies vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Patient
Meaning 2 A person, especially a baby or child, who cries a lot: «The baby is a real crier».
The tree, 17 words det nsubj punct advmod det conj cc conj punct nsubj det obj punct punct det nsubj cop det amod obl punct punct root A DET person NOUN , PUNCT especially ADV a DET baby NOUN or CCONJ child NOUN , PUNCT who PRON cries VERB a DET lot NOUN : PUNCT « PUNCT The DET baby NOUN is AUX a DET real ADJ crier NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 person det 2 person person NOUN Number=Sing 11 cries nsubj 3 , , PUNCT _ 6 baby punct 4 especially especially ADV _ 6 baby advmod 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 baby det 6 baby baby NOUN Number=Sing 2 person conj 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 child cc 8 child child NOUN Number=Sing 6 baby conj 9 , , PUNCT _ 11 cries punct 10 who who PRON PronType=Rel 11 cries nsubj 11 cries cry VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 lot det 13 lot lot NOUN Number=Sing 11 cries obj 14 : : PUNCT _ 21 crier punct 15 « « PUNCT _ 21 crier punct 16 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 17 baby det 17 baby baby NOUN Number=Sing 21 crier nsubj 18 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 21 crier cop 19 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 21 crier det 20 real real ADJ Degree=Pos 21 crier amod 21 crier crier NOUN Number=Sing 11 cries obl 22 » » PUNCT _ 21 crier punct 23 . . PUNCT _ 11 cries punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cry speech: express present a person and a baby or child a lot vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lot=Topic 2 is a in a quote present the baby a real crier tree rules
Meaning 3 Usage: law, old — kept apart, not parsed.
An officer in a law court who makes announcements.
det nsubj case det compound obl nsubj obj punct root An DET officer NOUN in ADP a DET law NOUN court NOUN who PRON makes VERB announcements NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 officer det 2 officer officer NOUN Number=Sing 8 makes nsubj 3 in in ADP _ 6 court case 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 court det 5 law law NOUN Number=Sing 6 court compound 6 court court NOUN Number=Sing 8 makes obl 7 who who PRON PronType=Rel 8 makes nsubj 8 makes make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 9 announcements announcement NOUN Number=Plur 8 makes obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 8 makes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make present a officer announcements a law court vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset announcement=Product
Example 1 The town crier rang his bell and shouted the news.
det compound nsubj nmod:poss obj cc conj det obj punct root The DET town NOUN crier NOUN rang VERB his PRON bell NOUN and CCONJ shouted VERB the DET news NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 crier det 2 town town NOUN Number=Sing 3 crier compound 3 crier crier NOUN Number=Sing 4 rang nsubj 4 rang ring VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 bell nmod:poss 6 bell bell NOUN Number=Sing 4 rang obj 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 shouted cc 8 shouted shout VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 rang conj 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 news det 10 news news NOUN Number=Sing 8 shouted obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 rang punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ring past the town crier crier's bell vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location bell=Theme 2 shout speech: express past the town crier not said here the news vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent news=Topic
Example 2 In the Middle Ages, most people learned the news from the town crier.
The tree, 13 words case det flat obl punct amod nsubj det obj case det compound nmod punct root In ADP the DET Middle PROPN Ages PROPN , PUNCT most ADJ people NOUN learned VERB the DET news NOUN from ADP the DET town NOUN crier NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 4 Ages case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 Ages det 3 Middle Middle PROPN Number=Sing 4 Ages flat 4 Ages Age PROPN Number=Plur 8 learned obl 5 , , PUNCT _ 8 learned punct 6 most most ADJ Degree=Sup 7 people amod 7 people people NOUN Number=Plur 8 learned nsubj 8 learned learn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 news det 10 news news NOUN Number=Sing 8 learned obj 11 from from ADP _ 14 crier case 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 14 crier det 13 town town NOUN Number=Sing 14 crier compound 14 crier crier NOUN Number=Sing 10 news nmod 15 . . PUNCT _ 8 learned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 learn past most people the news in the Middle Ages from the town crier vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent news=Topic from crier=Source
Example 3 Our town crier wears a red coat and a three-cornered hat.
nmod:poss compound nsubj det amod obj cc det compound punct amod conj punct root Our PRON town NOUN crier NOUN wears VERB a DET red ADJ coat NOUN and CCONJ a DET three NUM - PUNCT cornered VERB hat NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 crier nmod:poss 2 town town NOUN Number=Sing 3 crier compound 3 crier crier NOUN Number=Sing 4 wears nsubj 4 wears wear VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 coat det 6 red red ADJ Degree=Pos 7 coat amod 7 coat coat NOUN Number=Sing 4 wears obj 8 and and CCONJ _ 13 hat cc 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 hat det 10 three three NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 12 cornered compound 11 - - PUNCT _ 10 three punct 12 cornered corner VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 13 hat amod 13 hat hat NOUN Number=Sing 7 coat conj 14 . . PUNCT _ 4 wears punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wear present Our town crier a red coat and a cornered hat vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent coat=Theme 2 corner participle tree rules
Example 4 «Oyez! Oyez!» called the crier.
Sentence 1: «Oyez!
punct punct root « PUNCT Oyez PROPN ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 Oyez punct 2 Oyez Oyez PROPN Number=Sing root root 3 ! ! PUNCT _ 2 Oyez punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Sentence 2: Oyez!» called the crier.
nsubj:pass punct punct det xcomp punct root Oyez PROPN ! PUNCT » PUNCT called VERB the DET crier NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Oyez Oyez PROPN Number=Sing 4 called nsubj:pass 2 ! ! PUNCT _ 1 Oyez punct 3 » » PUNCT _ 1 Oyez punct 4 called call VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 crier det 6 crier crier NOUN Number=Sing 4 called xcomp 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 called punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 call in a quote participle · passive Oyez vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient
Example 5 My baby cousin is a real crier at bedtime.
nmod:poss compound nsubj cop det amod case nmod punct root My PRON baby NOUN cousin NOUN is AUX a DET real ADJ crier NOUN at ADP bedtime NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 cousin nmod:poss 2 baby baby NOUN Number=Sing 3 cousin compound 3 cousin cousin NOUN Number=Sing 7 crier nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 crier cop 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 crier det 6 real real ADJ Degree=Pos 7 crier amod 7 crier crier NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 at at ADP _ 9 bedtime case 9 bedtime bedtime NOUN Number=Sing 7 crier nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 7 crier punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present My baby cousin a real crier bedtime tree rules
Example 6 I'm a bit of a crier at sad films.
nsubj cop det case det nmod case amod nmod punct root I PRON 'm AUX a DET bit NOUN of ADP a DET crier NOUN at ADP sad ADJ films NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 4 bit nsubj 2 'm be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 bit cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 bit det 4 bit bit NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 of of ADP _ 7 crier case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 crier det 7 crier crier NOUN Number=Sing 4 bit nmod 8 at at ADP _ 10 films case 9 sad sad ADJ Degree=Pos 10 films amod 10 films film NOUN Number=Plur 7 crier nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 bit punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present I a bit of a crier at sad films tree rules
Example 7 The town crier announced the birth of the prince.
det compound nsubj det obj case det nmod punct root The DET town NOUN crier NOUN announced VERB the DET birth NOUN of ADP the DET prince NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 crier det 2 town town NOUN Number=Sing 3 crier compound 3 crier crier NOUN Number=Sing 4 announced nsubj 4 announced announce VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 birth det 6 birth birth NOUN Number=Sing 4 announced obj 7 of of ADP _ 9 prince case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 prince det 9 prince prince NOUN Number=Sing 6 birth nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 announced punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 announce speech: other past the town crier the birth of the prince vn reflexive_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent birth=Theme
Example 8 Prince Ali accepted the merchant’s obliging offer, and presently afterward the crier passed by.
The tree, 15 words nsubj flat det nmod:poss case amod obj punct cc advmod case det parataxis acl advmod punct root Prince PROPN Ali PROPN accepted VERB the DET merchant NOUN ’s PART obliging VERB offer NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ presently ADV afterward ADP the DET crier NOUN passed VERB by ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Prince Prince PROPN Number=Sing 3 accepted nsubj 2 Ali Ali PROPN Number=Sing 1 Prince flat 3 accepted accept VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 merchant det 5 merchant merchant NOUN Number=Sing 8 offer nmod:poss 6 ’s 's PART _ 5 merchant case 7 obliging oblige VERB VerbForm=Ger 8 offer amod 8 offer offer NOUN Number=Sing 3 accepted obj 9 , , PUNCT _ 14 crier punct 10 and and CCONJ _ 14 crier cc 11 presently presently ADV _ 14 crier advmod 12 afterward afterward ADP _ 14 crier case 13 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 14 crier det 14 crier crier NOUN Number=Sing 3 accepted parataxis 15 passed pass VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 14 crier acl 16 by by ADP _ 15 passed advmod 17 . . PUNCT _ 3 accepted punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 accept past Prince the merchant's obliging offer vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent offer=Theme 2 oblige gerund vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 3 pass by participle the crier not said here vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 4 offer the merchant nom offer «communication transitive»: poss=agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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