crocodile

Who acts: tail, children, crocodile, Crocodiles, you, warning signs · What happens: live, walk, lie, stay, not swim, be · To what, where: rivers, pairs, muddy river, northern Australia, eggs, nests

«crocodile» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: crocodile in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

A large reptile with a long body, thick scaly skin, a long mouth with many sharp teeth and a powerful tail; it lives in rivers and swamps in hot countries.

The tree, 30 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 reptile	det
2	large	large	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 reptile	amod
3	reptile	reptile	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	with	with	ADP	_	7 body	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 body	det
6	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 body	amod
7	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 reptile	nmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 skin	punct
9	thick	thick	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 skin	amod
10	scaly	scaly	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 skin	amod
11	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 body	conj
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 mouth	punct
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 mouth	det
14	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 mouth	amod
15	mouth	mouth	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 reptile	conj
16	with	with	ADP	_	19 teeth	case
17	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 teeth	amod
18	sharp	sharp	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 teeth	amod
19	teeth	tooth	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 mouth	nmod
20	and	and	CCONJ	_	23 tail	cc
21	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	23 tail	det
22	powerful	powerful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	23 tail	amod
23	tail	tail	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 teeth	conj
24	;	;	PUNCT	_	26 lives	punct
25	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	26 lives	nsubj
26	lives	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 reptile	parataxis
27	in	in	ADP	_	28 rivers	case
28	rivers	river	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 lives	obl
29	and	and	CCONJ	_	30 swamps	cc
30	swamps	swamp	NOUN	Number=Plur	28 rivers	conj
31	in	in	ADP	_	33 countries	case
32	hot	hot	ADJ	Degree=Pos	33 countries	amod
33	countries	country	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 lives	obl
34	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 reptile	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	live	present	tail			rivers and swamps		in hot countries	vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in river=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Usage: UK — kept apart, not parsed.

A long line of children walking in pairs.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 line	det
2	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 line	amod
3	line	line	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	5 children	case
5	children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 line	nmod
6	walking	walk	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 children	acl
7	in	in	ADP	_	8 pairs	case
8	pairs	pair	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 walking	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 line	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	walk	gerund	children not said here			pairs			vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in pair=Trajectory

Example 1

A crocodile lay still in the muddy river.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 crocodile	det
2	crocodile	crocodile	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 lay	nsubj
3	lay	lie	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	still	still	ADV	_	3 lay	advmod
5	in	in	ADP	_	8 river	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 river	det
7	muddy	muddy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 river	amod
8	river	river	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 lay	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 lay	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lie	past	a crocodile			the muddy river	still		vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in river=Location

Example 2

Crocodiles can stay underwater for a long time.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Crocodiles	crocodile	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 stay	nsubj
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 stay	aux
3	stay	stay	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	underwater	underwater	ADV	_	3 stay	advmod
5	for	for	ADP	_	8 time	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 time	det
7	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 time	amod
8	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 stay	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 stay	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stay	can	Crocodiles				time	underwater property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Example 3

In northern Australia, never swim where there are crocodile warning signs.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 Australia	case
2	northern	northern	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 Australia	amod
3	Australia	Australia	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 swim	obl
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 Australia	punct
5	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	6 swim	advmod
6	swim	swim	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	9 are	advmod
8	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	9 are	expl
9	are	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 swim	advcl
10	crocodile	crocodile	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 warning	compound
11	warning	warning	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 signs	compound
12	signs	sign	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 are	nsubj
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 swim	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not swim	imperative	you not said here			northern Australia			vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in australia=Trajectory
2	does	present	warning signs			there			vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Example 4

The class walked to the museum in a crocodile.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 class	det
2	class	class	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 walked	nsubj
3	walked	walk	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	to	to	ADP	_	6 museum	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 museum	det
6	museum	museum	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 walked	obl
7	in	in	ADP	_	9 crocodile	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 crocodile	det
9	crocodile	crocodile	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 walked	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 walked	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	walk	past	the class					to the museum result; in a crocodile	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to museum=Result

Example 5

Crocodiles lay their eggs in nests on land.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Crocodiles	crocodile	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 lay	nsubj
2	lay	lay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 eggs	nmod:poss
4	eggs	egg	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 lay	obj
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 nests	case
6	nests	nest	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 lay	obl
7	on	on	ADP	_	8 land	case
8	land	land	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 lay	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 lay	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lay	present	Crocodiles	Crocodiles's eggs		nests		on land	vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent egg=Theme in nest=Destination

Example 6

He cried crocodile tears, but he wasn't really sad.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 cried	nsubj
2	cried	cry	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	crocodile	crocodile	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 tears	compound
4	tears	tear	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 cried	obj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 sad	punct
6	but	but	CCONJ	_	11 sad	cc
7	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 sad	nsubj
8	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 sad	cop
9	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	11 sad	advmod
10	really	really	ADV	_	11 sad	advmod
11	sad	sad	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 cried	conj
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 cried	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cry speech: express	past	He	crocodile tears					vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tear=Topic
2	not is	past	he					sad property	tree rules

Example 7

A crocodile's skin is covered in tough scales.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 crocodile	det
2	crocodile	crocodile	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 skin	nmod:poss
3	's	's	PART	_	2 crocodile	case
4	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 covered	nsubj:pass
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 covered	aux:pass
6	covered	cover	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	in	in	ADP	_	9 scales	case
8	tough	tough	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 scales	amod
9	scales	scale	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 covered	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 covered	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cover	present · passive		a crocodile's skin				in tough scales	vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination in scale=Theme

Example 8

Did you ever see so many crocodiles?”

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 see	aux
2	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	4 see	nsubj
3	ever	ever	ADV	PronType=Ind	4 see	advmod
4	see	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	so	so	ADV	_	6 many	advmod
6	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 crocodiles	amod
7	crocodiles	crocodile	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 see	obj
8	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 see	punct
9	”	"	PUNCT	_	4 see	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	see	past · do-support	you	many crocodiles			ever		vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer crocodile=Stimulus

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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