crow Who acts: crow, rooster, crow flies, you, your, Crows · What happens: be, crow, cry, win, mean, sit · To what, where: large black bird, rooster, fence, sticks, stones, fable
«crow» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: crow in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A crow is a large black bird with a loud harsh call.
det nsubj cop det amod amod case det amod amod nmod punct root A DET crow NOUN is AUX a DET large ADJ black ADJ bird NOUN with ADP a DET loud ADJ harsh ADJ call NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 crow det 2 crow crow NOUN Number=Sing 7 bird nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 bird cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 bird det 5 large large ADJ Degree=Pos 7 bird amod 6 black black ADJ Degree=Pos 7 bird amod 7 bird bird NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 with with ADP _ 12 call case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 call det 10 loud loud ADJ Degree=Pos 12 call amod 11 harsh harsh ADJ Degree=Pos 12 call amod 12 call call NOUN Number=Sing 7 bird nmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 7 bird punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a crow a large black bird with a loud harsh call tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To crow (of a rooster) is to make its loud morning cry.
The tree, 12 words mark advcl punct case det obj punct cop mark nmod:poss amod compound obj punct root To PART crow VERB ( PUNCT of ADP a DET rooster NOUN ) PUNCT is AUX to PART make VERB its PRON loud ADJ morning NOUN cry NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 crow mark 2 crow crow VERB VerbForm=Inf 10 make advcl 3 ( ( PUNCT _ 6 rooster punct 4 of of ADP _ 6 rooster case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 rooster det 6 rooster rooster NOUN Number=Sing 2 crow obj 7 ) ) PUNCT _ 6 rooster punct 8 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 make cop 9 to to PART _ 10 make mark 10 make make VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 11 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 14 cry nmod:poss 12 loud loud ADJ Degree=Pos 14 cry amod 13 morning morning NOUN Number=Sing 14 cry compound 14 cry cry NOUN Number=Sing 10 make obj 15 . . PUNCT _ 10 make punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 crow to-infinitive a rooster vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rooster=Topic 2 is present make property tree rules 3 cry rooster nom cry «communication intransitive»: poss=agent
Meaning 3 To crow is to boast happily about winning.
mark cop mark ccomp advmod mark advcl punct root To PART crow VERB is AUX to PART boast VERB happily ADV about SCONJ winning VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 crow mark 2 crow crow VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 boast cop 4 to to PART _ 5 boast mark 5 boast boast VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 crow ccomp 6 happily happily ADV _ 5 boast advmod 7 about about SCONJ _ 8 winning mark 8 winning win VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 5 boast advcl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 crow punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 crow to-infinitive vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 is present boast, happily property tree rules 3 win gerund vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Meaning 4 «As the crow flies» means in a straight line.
punct case det compound nsubj punct case det amod obl punct root « PUNCT As ADP the DET crow NOUN flies NOUN » PUNCT means VERB in ADP a DET straight ADJ line NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 5 flies punct 2 As as ADP _ 5 flies case 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 flies det 4 crow crow NOUN Number=Sing 5 flies compound 5 flies fly NOUN Number=Plur 7 means nsubj 6 » » PUNCT _ 5 flies punct 7 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 8 in in ADP _ 11 line case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 line det 10 straight straight ADJ Degree=Pos 11 line amod 11 line line NOUN Number=Sing 7 means obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 7 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present the crow flies in a straight line vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot in line=Attribute
Example 1 A crow sat on the fence cawing.
det nsubj case det obl advcl punct root A DET crow NOUN sat VERB on ADP the DET fence NOUN cawing VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 crow det 2 crow crow NOUN Number=Sing 3 sat nsubj 3 sat sit VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 on on ADP _ 6 fence case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 fence det 6 fence fence NOUN Number=Sing 3 sat obl 7 cawing caw VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 3 sat advcl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 sat punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sit past a crow the fence vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on fence=Location 2 caw gerund a crow not said here vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 2 The rooster crowed at dawn.
det nsubj case obl punct root The DET rooster NOUN crowed VERB at ADP dawn NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 rooster det 2 rooster rooster NOUN Number=Sing 3 crowed nsubj 3 crowed crow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 at at ADP _ 5 dawn case 5 dawn dawn NOUN Number=Sing 3 crowed obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 crowed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 crow past the rooster dawn vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 3 Stop crowing about your score.
xcomp case nmod:poss obl punct root Stop VERB crowing VERB about ADP your PRON score NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Stop stop VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 crowing crow VERB VerbForm=Ger 1 Stop xcomp 3 about about ADP _ 5 score case 4 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 score nmod:poss 5 score score NOUN Number=Sing 2 crowing obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 1 Stop punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stop imperative you not said here vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality 2 crow gerund you not said here about your score vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about score=Topic 3 score your nom score «cognition transitive»: poss=agent
Example 4 Crows can use sticks as tools.
nsubj aux obj case obl punct root Crows NOUN can AUX use VERB sticks NOUN as ADP tools NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Crows crow NOUN Number=Plur 3 use nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 use aux 3 use use VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 sticks stick NOUN Number=Plur 3 use obj 5 as as ADP _ 6 tools case 6 tools tool NOUN Number=Plur 3 use obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 use punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use can Crows sticks as tools vn spend_time-104 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent stick=Duration as tool=Attribute
Example 5 The town is ten miles away as the crow flies.
det nsubj cop nummod obl:unmarked mark det nsubj advcl punct root The DET town NOUN is AUX ten NUM miles NOUN away ADV as SCONJ the DET crow NOUN flies VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 town det 2 town town NOUN Number=Sing 6 away nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 away cop 4 ten ten NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 5 miles nummod 5 miles mile NOUN Number=Plur 6 away obl:unmarked 6 away away ADV _ root root 7 as as SCONJ _ 10 flies mark 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 crow det 9 crow crow NOUN Number=Sing 10 flies nsubj 10 flies fly VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 away advcl 11 . . PUNCT _ 6 away punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present the town ten miles obl:unmarked ; away property tree rules 2 fly present the crow vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 6 In the fable, the crow dropped stones into the jug.
case det obl punct det nsubj obj case det obl punct root In ADP the DET fable NOUN , PUNCT the DET crow NOUN dropped VERB stones NOUN into ADP the DET jug NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 fable case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 fable det 3 fable fable NOUN Number=Sing 7 dropped obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 fable punct 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 crow det 6 crow crow NOUN Number=Sing 7 dropped nsubj 7 dropped drop VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 8 stones stone NOUN Number=Plur 7 dropped obj 9 into into ADP _ 11 jug case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 jug det 11 jug jug NOUN Number=Sing 7 dropped obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 7 dropped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 drop past the crow stones the fable into the jug vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.initial_location PP.destination»: agent=Agent stone=Theme in fable=Destination into jug=Initial_Location
Example 7 Just then a Crow flew by.
advmod advmod det nsubj obl punct root Just ADV then ADV a DET Crow NOUN flew VERB by ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Just just ADV _ 5 flew advmod 2 then then ADV PronType=Dem 5 flew advmod 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 Crow det 4 Crow crow NOUN Number=Sing 5 flew nsubj 5 flew fly VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 by by ADP _ 5 flew obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 5 flew punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fly by past a Crow then vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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