crucial Who acts: something, Sleep, tune, crucial goal, you, Bees · What happens: depend, be, grow, win, look, cross · To what, where: children, cup final, ways, road, crucial role, pollinating crops
«crucial» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: crucial in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Extremely important, because something else depends on it: «Sleep is crucial for growing children».
The tree, 14 words advmod punct mark nsubj advmod parataxis case obl punct punct nsubj cop parataxis mark advcl obj punct punct root Extremely ADV important ADJ , PUNCT because SCONJ something PRON else ADV depends VERB on ADP it PRON : PUNCT « PUNCT Sleep NOUN is AUX crucial ADJ for SCONJ growing VERB children NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Extremely extremely ADV _ 2 important advmod 2 important important ADJ Degree=Pos root root 3 , , PUNCT _ 7 depends punct 4 because because SCONJ _ 7 depends mark 5 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 7 depends nsubj 6 else else ADV _ 5 something advmod 7 depends depend VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 important parataxis 8 on on ADP _ 9 it case 9 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 depends obl 10 : : PUNCT _ 14 crucial punct 11 « « PUNCT _ 14 crucial punct 12 Sleep sleep NOUN Number=Sing 14 crucial nsubj 13 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 14 crucial cop 14 crucial crucial ADJ Degree=Pos 2 important parataxis 15 for for SCONJ _ 16 growing mark 16 growing grow VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 14 crucial advcl 17 children child NOUN Number=Plur 16 growing obj 18 » » PUNCT _ 14 crucial punct 19 . . PUNCT _ 2 important punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 depend present something on it vn rely-70 «NP V PP.theme S_ING»: agent=Agent on it=Theme 2 is in a quote present Sleep crucial property tree rules 3 grow in a quote gerund Sleep not said here children vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location child=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: UK, slang, old — kept apart, not parsed.
Brilliant, excellent: «That tune is crucial!».
punct conj punct punct det nsubj cop parataxis punct punct punct root Brilliant ADJ , PUNCT excellent ADJ : PUNCT « PUNCT That DET tune NOUN is AUX crucial ADJ ! PUNCT » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Brilliant brilliant ADJ Degree=Pos root root 2 , , PUNCT _ 3 excellent punct 3 excellent excellent ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Brilliant conj 4 : : PUNCT _ 9 crucial punct 5 « « PUNCT _ 9 crucial punct 6 That that DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 7 tune det 7 tune tune NOUN Number=Sing 9 crucial nsubj 8 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 crucial cop 9 crucial crucial ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Brilliant parataxis 10 ! ! PUNCT _ 9 crucial punct 11 » » PUNCT _ 9 crucial punct 12 . . PUNCT _ 1 Brilliant punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is in a quote present that tune crucial property tree rules
Example 1 Sleep is crucial for your brain and body.
nsubj cop case nmod:poss obl cc conj punct root Sleep NOUN is AUX crucial ADJ for ADP your PRON brain NOUN and CCONJ body NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Sleep sleep NOUN Number=Sing 3 crucial nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 crucial cop 3 crucial crucial ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 for for ADP _ 6 brain case 5 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 brain nmod:poss 6 brain brain NOUN Number=Sing 3 crucial obl 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 body cc 8 body body NOUN Number=Sing 6 brain conj 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 crucial punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Sleep for your brain and body; crucial property tree rules
Example 2 Her crucial goal won the cup final.
nmod:poss amod nsubj det compound obj punct root Her PRON crucial ADJ goal NOUN won VERB the DET cup NOUN final NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 goal nmod:poss 2 crucial crucial ADJ Degree=Pos 3 goal amod 3 goal goal NOUN Number=Sing 4 won nsubj 4 won win VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 final det 6 cup cup NOUN Number=Sing 7 final compound 7 final final NOUN Number=Sing 4 won obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 won punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 win past Her crucial goal the cup final vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent final=Eventuality
Example 3 It is crucial to look both ways before you cross the road.
expl cop mark csubj det obl mark nsubj advcl det obj punct root It PRON is AUX crucial ADJ to PART look VERB both DET ways NOUN before SCONJ you PRON cross VERB the DET road NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 crucial expl 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 crucial cop 3 crucial crucial ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 to to PART _ 5 look mark 5 look look VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 crucial csubj 6 both both DET PronType=Tot 7 ways det 7 ways way NOUN Number=Plur 5 look obl 8 before before SCONJ _ 10 cross mark 9 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 10 cross nsubj 10 cross cross VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 look advcl 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 road det 12 road road NOUN Number=Sing 10 cross obj 13 . . PUNCT _ 3 crucial punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present crucial property tree rules 2 look to-infinitive both ways vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus 3 cross present you the road vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent road=Patient
Example 4 Bees play a crucial role in pollinating crops.
nsubj det amod obj case compound obl punct root Bees NOUN play VERB a DET crucial ADJ role NOUN in ADP pollinating NOUN crops NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Bees bee NOUN Number=Plur 2 play nsubj 2 play play VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 role det 4 crucial crucial ADJ Degree=Pos 5 role amod 5 role role NOUN Number=Sing 2 play obj 6 in in ADP _ 8 crops case 7 pollinating pollinating NOUN Number=Sing 8 crops compound 8 crops crop NOUN Number=Plur 2 play obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 play punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 play present Bees a crucial role pollinating crops vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent role=Theme
Example 5 Reading the question carefully is crucial in a maths test.
csubj det obj advmod cop case det compound obl punct root Reading VERB the DET question NOUN carefully ADV is AUX crucial ADJ in ADP a DET maths NOUN test NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Reading read VERB VerbForm=Ger 6 crucial csubj 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 question det 3 question question NOUN Number=Sing 1 Reading obj 4 carefully carefully ADV _ 1 Reading advmod 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 crucial cop 6 crucial crucial ADJ Degree=Pos root root 7 in in ADP _ 10 test case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 test det 9 maths maths NOUN Number=Sing 10 test compound 10 test test NOUN Number=Sing 6 crucial obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 6 crucial punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 read gerund the question carefully property vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent question=Topic 2 is present Reading a maths test crucial property tree rules
Example 6 The crucial clue was a muddy footprint.
det amod nsubj cop det amod punct root The DET crucial ADJ clue NOUN was AUX a DET muddy ADJ footprint NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 clue det 2 crucial crucial ADJ Degree=Pos 3 clue amod 3 clue clue NOUN Number=Sing 7 footprint nsubj 4 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 footprint cop 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 footprint det 6 muddy muddy ADJ Degree=Pos 7 footprint amod 7 footprint footprint NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 . . PUNCT _ 7 footprint punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past the crucial clue a muddy footprint tree rules
Example 7 Water is crucial to all living things.
nsubj cop case det amod obl punct root Water NOUN is AUX crucial ADJ to ADP all DET living VERB things NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Water water NOUN Number=Sing 3 crucial nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 crucial cop 3 crucial crucial ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 to to ADP _ 7 things case 5 all all DET PronType=Tot 7 things det 6 living live VERB VerbForm=Ger 7 things amod 7 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 3 crucial obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 crucial punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Water to all living things; crucial property tree rules 2 live gerund vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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