deafness Who acts: Deafness, Beethoven, Loud music, Grandpa, doctor, Ear defenders · What happens: be, hear, mean, refuse, listen, keep · To what, where: little, music, deafness, sign language, home, partial deafness · Speech: someone speaks here
«deafness» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: deafness in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Deafness is being unable to hear, or being able to hear only a little.
The tree, 14 words nsubj cop cop mark xcomp punct cc cop conj mark xcomp advmod det obj punct root Deafness NOUN is AUX being AUX unable ADJ to PART hear VERB , PUNCT or CCONJ being AUX able ADJ to PART hear VERB only ADV a DET little ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Deafness deafness NOUN Number=Sing 4 unable nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 unable cop 3 being be AUX Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 4 unable cop 4 unable unable ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 to to PART _ 6 hear mark 6 hear hear VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 unable xcomp 7 , , PUNCT _ 10 able punct 8 or or CCONJ _ 10 able cc 9 being be AUX Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 10 able cop 10 able able ADJ Degree=Pos 4 unable conj 11 to to PART _ 12 hear mark 12 hear hear VERB VerbForm=Inf 10 able xcomp 13 only only ADV _ 15 little advmod 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 little det 15 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 12 hear obj 16 . . PUNCT _ 4 unable punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Deafness unable property tree rules 2 hear to-infinitive Deafness not said here vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer 3 is gerund Deafness not said here able property tree rules 4 hear to-infinitive Deafness not said here a little vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer little=Stimulus
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: figurative — kept apart, not parsed.
Deafness can mean refusing to listen to something, as in «deafness to their pleas».
The tree, 14 words nsubj aux xcomp mark xcomp case obl punct case case punct appos case nmod:poss nmod punct punct root Deafness NOUN can AUX mean VERB refusing VERB to PART listen VERB to ADP something PRON , PUNCT as ADP in ADP « PUNCT deafness NOUN to ADP their PRON pleas NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Deafness deafness NOUN Number=Sing 3 mean nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 mean aux 3 mean mean VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 refusing refuse VERB VerbForm=Ger 3 mean xcomp 5 to to PART _ 6 listen mark 6 listen listen VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 refusing xcomp 7 to to ADP _ 8 something case 8 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 6 listen obl 9 , , PUNCT _ 13 deafness punct 10 as as ADP _ 13 deafness case 11 in in ADP _ 13 deafness case 12 « « PUNCT _ 13 deafness punct 13 deafness deafness NOUN Number=Sing 8 something appos 14 to to ADP _ 16 pleas case 15 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 16 pleas nmod:poss 16 pleas plea NOUN Number=Plur 13 deafness nmod 17 » » PUNCT _ 13 deafness punct 18 . . PUNCT _ 3 mean punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean can Deafness vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 refuse not said to happen gerund Deafness not said here vn reject-77.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme 3 listen not said to happen to-infinitive Deafness not said here to something vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to something=Theme
Example 1 Beethoven kept writing music despite his deafness.
nsubj xcomp obj case nmod:poss obl punct root Beethoven NOUN kept VERB writing VERB music NOUN despite ADP his PRON deafness NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Beethoven beethoven NOUN Number=Sing 2 kept nsubj 2 kept keep VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 writing write VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 kept xcomp 4 music music NOUN Number=Sing 3 writing obj 5 despite despite ADP _ 7 deafness case 6 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 deafness nmod:poss 7 deafness deafness NOUN Number=Sing 3 writing obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 kept punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 keep past Beethoven tree rules 2 write gerund Beethoven not said here music despite Beethoven's deafness vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent music=Theme
Example 2 Loud music through headphones can cause deafness over time.
amod nsubj case nmod aux obj case obl punct root Loud ADJ music NOUN through ADP headphones NOUN can AUX cause VERB deafness NOUN over ADP time NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Loud loud ADJ Degree=Pos 2 music amod 2 music music NOUN Number=Sing 6 cause nsubj 3 through through ADP _ 4 headphones case 4 headphones headphone NOUN Number=Plur 2 music nmod 5 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 6 cause aux 6 cause cause VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 7 deafness deafness NOUN Number=Sing 6 cause obj 8 over over ADP _ 9 time case 9 time time NOUN Number=Sing 6 cause obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 6 cause punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cause can Loud music through headphones deafness time vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition deafness=Patient
Example 3 Her deafness meant she used sign language at home.
nmod:poss nsubj nsubj ccomp compound obj case obl punct root Her PRON deafness NOUN meant VERB she PRON used VERB sign NOUN language NOUN at ADP home NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 deafness nmod:poss 2 deafness deafness NOUN Number=Sing 3 meant nsubj 3 meant mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 used nsubj 5 used use VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 meant ccomp 6 sign sign NOUN Number=Sing 7 language compound 7 language language NOUN Number=Sing 5 used obj 8 at at ADP _ 9 home case 9 home home NOUN Number=Sing 5 used obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 meant punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean past Her deafness vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 use past deafness sign language home vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent language=Patient
Example 4 Grandpa has partial deafness and wears a hearing aid.
nsubj amod obj cc conj det compound obj punct root Grandpa PROPN has VERB partial ADJ deafness NOUN and CCONJ wears VERB a DET hearing NOUN aid NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Grandpa Grandpa PROPN Number=Sing 2 has nsubj 2 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 partial partial ADJ Degree=Pos 4 deafness amod 4 deafness deafness NOUN Number=Sing 2 has obj 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 wears cc 6 wears wear VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 has conj 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 aid det 8 hearing hearing NOUN Number=Sing 9 aid compound 9 aid aid NOUN Number=Sing 6 wears obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present Grandpa partial deafness vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent deafness=Patient 2 wear present Grandpa not said here a hearing aid vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent aid=Source
Example 5 The doctor tested the baby for deafness.
det nsubj det obj case nmod punct root The DET doctor NOUN tested VERB the DET baby NOUN for ADP deafness NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 doctor det 2 doctor doctor NOUN Number=Sing 3 tested nsubj 3 tested test VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 baby det 5 baby baby NOUN Number=Sing 3 tested obj 6 for for ADP _ 7 deafness case 7 deafness deafness NOUN Number=Sing 5 baby nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 tested punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 test past the doctor the baby for deafness vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent baby=Theme for deafness=Attribute
Example 6 Ear defenders protect workers from deafness.
compound nsubj obj case obl punct root Ear NOUN defenders NOUN protect VERB workers NOUN from ADP deafness NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Ear ear NOUN Number=Sing 2 defenders compound 2 defenders defender NOUN Number=Plur 3 protect nsubj 3 protect protect VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 workers worker NOUN Number=Plur 3 protect obj 5 from from ADP _ 6 deafness case 6 deafness deafness NOUN Number=Sing 3 protect obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 protect punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 protect present Ear defenders workers from deafness vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent worker=Beneficiary from deafness=Theme
Example 7 The king's deafness to the people's complaints led to trouble.
det nmod:poss case nsubj case det nmod:poss case nmod mark advcl punct root The DET king NOUN 's PART deafness NOUN to ADP the DET people NOUN 's PART complaints NOUN led VERB to PART trouble NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 king det 2 king king NOUN Number=Sing 4 deafness nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 king case 4 deafness deafness NOUN Number=Sing 10 led nsubj 5 to to ADP _ 9 complaints case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 people det 7 people people NOUN Number=Plur 9 complaints nmod:poss 8 's 's PART _ 7 people case 9 complaints complaint NOUN Number=Plur 4 deafness nmod 10 led lead VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 11 to to PART _ 12 trouble mark 12 trouble trouble NOUN Number=Sing 10 led advcl 13 . . PUNCT _ 10 led punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lead past the king's deafness to the people's complaints vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition 2 complain the people nom complaint «state intransitive»: poss=agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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