decoy Who acts: decoy, army, One friend, others, mother bird, striker · What happens: be, use, trick, lead, attract, decoy · To what, where: person, someone, model, wooden duck, real birds, way
«decoy» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: decoy in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A decoy is a person or thing used to trick someone and lead them away or into a trap.
The tree, 19 words det nsubj cop det cc conj acl mark advcl obj cc conj obj advmod cc case det conj punct root A DET decoy NOUN is AUX a DET person NOUN or CCONJ thing NOUN used VERB to PART trick VERB someone PRON and CCONJ lead VERB them PRON away ADV or CCONJ into ADP a DET trap NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 decoy det 2 decoy decoy NOUN Number=Sing 5 person nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 person cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 person det 5 person person NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 or or CCONJ _ 7 thing cc 7 thing thing NOUN Number=Sing 5 person conj 8 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 person acl 9 to to PART _ 10 trick mark 10 trick trick VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 used advcl 11 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 10 trick obj 12 and and CCONJ _ 13 lead cc 13 lead lead VERB VerbForm=Inf 10 trick conj 14 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 13 lead obj 15 away away ADV _ 13 lead advmod 16 or or CCONJ _ 19 trap cc 17 into into ADP _ 19 trap case 18 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 19 trap det 19 trap trap NOUN Number=Sing 15 away conj 20 . . PUNCT _ 5 person punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a decoy a person or thing tree rules 2 use participle a person or thing not said here vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 trick to-infinitive someone vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent someone=Patient 4 lead infinitive person away property vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A decoy is a model of a bird, such as a wooden duck, used by hunters to attract real birds.
The tree, 20 words det nsubj cop det case det nmod punct case fixed det amod appos punct acl case obl mark advcl amod obj punct root A DET decoy NOUN is AUX a DET model NOUN of ADP a DET bird NOUN , PUNCT such ADJ as ADP a DET wooden ADJ duck NOUN , PUNCT used VERB by ADP hunters NOUN to PART attract VERB real ADJ birds NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 decoy det 2 decoy decoy NOUN Number=Sing 5 model nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 model cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 model det 5 model model NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 of of ADP _ 8 bird case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 bird det 8 bird bird NOUN Number=Sing 5 model nmod 9 , , PUNCT _ 14 duck punct 10 such such ADJ Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP 14 duck case 11 as as ADP _ 10 such fixed 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 duck det 13 wooden wooden ADJ Degree=Pos 14 duck amod 14 duck duck NOUN Number=Sing 5 model appos 15 , , PUNCT _ 16 used punct 16 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 14 duck acl 17 by by ADP _ 18 hunters case 18 hunters hunter NOUN Number=Plur 16 used obl 19 to to PART _ 20 attract mark 20 attract attract VERB VerbForm=Inf 16 used advcl 21 real real ADJ Degree=Pos 22 birds amod 22 birds bird NOUN Number=Plur 20 attract obj 23 . . PUNCT _ 5 model punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a decoy a model of a bird tree rules 2 use participle a wooden duck not said here by hunters vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 attract to-infinitive real birds vn lure-59.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bird=Patient
Meaning 3 To decoy someone is to trick them in this way.
mark advcl obj cop mark obj case det obl punct root To PART decoy VERB someone PRON is AUX to PART trick VERB them PRON in ADP this DET way NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 decoy mark 2 decoy decoy VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 trick advcl 3 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 decoy obj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 trick cop 5 to to PART _ 6 trick mark 6 trick trick VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 7 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 trick obj 8 in in ADP _ 10 way case 9 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 10 way det 10 way way NOUN Number=Sing 6 trick obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 6 trick punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 decoy to-infinitive someone tree rules 2 is present this way trick property tree rules
Example 1 The duck decoy floated on the pond.
det compound acl case det obl punct root The DET duck NOUN decoy NOUN floated VERB on ADP the DET pond NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 decoy det 2 duck duck NOUN Number=Sing 3 decoy compound 3 decoy decoy NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 floated float VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 decoy acl 5 on on ADP _ 7 pond case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 pond det 7 pond pond NOUN Number=Sing 4 floated obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 decoy punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 float participle the duck decoy not said here the pond vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on pond=Trajectory
Example 2 The army used inflatable tanks as decoys.
det nsubj amod obj case obl punct root The DET army NOUN used VERB inflatable ADJ tanks NOUN as ADP decoys NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 army det 2 army army NOUN Number=Sing 3 used nsubj 3 used use VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 inflatable inflatable ADJ Degree=Pos 5 tanks amod 5 tanks tank NOUN Number=Plur 3 used obj 6 as as ADP _ 7 decoys case 7 decoys decoy NOUN Number=Plur 3 used obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 used punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use past the army inflatable tanks as decoys vn spend_time-104 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent tank=Duration as decoy=Attribute
Example 3 One friend acted as a decoy while the others hid the present.
nummod nsubj case det obl mark det nsubj advcl det obj punct root One NUM friend NOUN acted VERB as ADP a DET decoy NOUN while SCONJ the DET others NOUN hid VERB the DET present NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 One one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 2 friend nummod 2 friend friend NOUN Number=Sing 3 acted nsubj 3 acted act VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 as as ADP _ 6 decoy case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 decoy det 6 decoy decoy NOUN Number=Sing 3 acted obl 7 while while SCONJ _ 10 hid mark 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 others det 9 others other NOUN Number=Plur 10 hid nsubj 10 hid hide VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 acted advcl 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 present det 12 present present NOUN Number=Sing 10 hid obj 13 . . PUNCT _ 3 acted punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 act participle One friend as a decoy vn masquerade-29.6-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent as decoy=Attribute 2 hide past the others the present vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent present=Patient
Example 4 The mother bird pretended to be hurt as a decoy.
det compound nsubj mark aux:pass ccomp case det obl punct root The DET mother NOUN bird NOUN pretended VERB to PART be AUX hurt VERB as ADP a DET decoy NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 bird det 2 mother mother NOUN Number=Sing 3 bird compound 3 bird bird NOUN Number=Sing 4 pretended nsubj 4 pretended pretend VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 to to PART _ 7 hurt mark 6 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 7 hurt aux:pass 7 hurt hurt VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 pretended ccomp 8 as as ADP _ 10 decoy case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 decoy det 10 decoy decoy NOUN Number=Sing 7 hurt obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 pretended punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pretend past the mother bird tree rules 2 hurt to-infinitive · passive the mother bird not said here as a decoy vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»
Example 5 The striker made a decoy run to draw the defender.
det nsubj det compound obj mark advcl det obj punct root The DET striker NOUN made VERB a DET decoy NOUN run NOUN to PART draw VERB the DET defender NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 striker det 2 striker striker NOUN Number=Sing 3 made nsubj 3 made make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 run det 5 decoy decoy NOUN Number=Sing 6 run compound 6 run run NOUN Number=Sing 3 made obj 7 to to PART _ 8 draw mark 8 draw draw VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 3 made advcl 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 defender det 10 defender defender NOUN Number=Sing 8 draw obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make past the striker a decoy run vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset run=Product 2 draw to-infinitive the striker not said here the defender vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent defender=Theme
Example 6 The spy was decoyed into a trap.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass case det obl punct root The DET spy NOUN was AUX decoyed VERB into ADP a DET trap NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 spy det 2 spy spy NOUN Number=Sing 4 decoyed nsubj:pass 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 decoyed aux:pass 4 decoyed decoy VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 into into ADP _ 7 trap case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 trap det 7 trap trap NOUN Number=Sing 4 decoyed obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 decoyed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 decoy past · passive the spy a trap tree rules
Example 7 The bird-trap was quite empty, as he had caught nothing, and he had to kill a pied Partridge, which he had tamed for a decoy.
The tree, 26 words det compound punct nsubj cop advmod punct mark nsubj:pass aux advcl obj punct cc nsubj parataxis mark xcomp det amod obj punct nsubj:pass nsubj:pass aux acl:relcl case det obl punct root The DET bird NOUN - PUNCT trap NOUN was AUX quite ADV empty ADJ , PUNCT as SCONJ he PRON had AUX caught VERB nothing PRON , PUNCT and CCONJ he PRON had VERB to PART kill VERB a DET pied VERB Partridge PROPN , PUNCT which PRON he PRON had AUX tamed VERB for ADP a DET decoy NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 trap det 2 bird bird NOUN Number=Sing 4 trap compound 3 - - PUNCT _ 2 bird punct 4 trap trap NOUN Number=Sing 7 empty nsubj 5 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 empty cop 6 quite quite ADV _ 7 empty advmod 7 empty empty ADJ Degree=Pos root root 8 , , PUNCT _ 12 caught punct 9 as as SCONJ _ 12 caught mark 10 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 12 caught nsubj:pass 11 had have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 12 caught aux 12 caught catch VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 empty advcl 13 nothing nothing PRON Number=Sing PronType=Neg 12 caught obj 14 , , PUNCT _ 17 had punct 15 and and CCONJ _ 17 had cc 16 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 17 had nsubj 17 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 empty parataxis 18 to to PART _ 19 kill mark 19 kill kill VERB VerbForm=Inf 17 had xcomp 20 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 22 Partridge det 21 pied pi VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 22 Partridge amod 22 Partridge Partridge PROPN Number=Sing 19 kill obj 23 , , PUNCT _ 27 tamed punct 24 which which PRON PronType=Rel 27 tamed nsubj:pass 25 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 27 tamed nsubj:pass 26 had have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 27 tamed aux 27 tamed tame VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 22 Partridge acl:relcl 28 for for ADP _ 30 decoy case 29 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 30 decoy det 30 decoy decoy NOUN Number=Sing 27 tamed obl 31 . . PUNCT _ 7 empty punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past the bird trap empty property tree rules 2 catch past · perfect · passive he vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: subject=Beneficiary nothing=Theme 3 have past he tree rules 4 kill to-infinitive he not said here a pied Partridge vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent partridge=Theme 5 pi participle tree rules 6 tame past · perfect · passive a pied Partridge for a decoy vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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