decree Who acts: decree, Caesar Augustus, Mary, king, dogs, day · What happens: be, give, decree, send out, count, go · To what, where: official order, something, decree, Bible, everyone, Bethlehem
«decree» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: decree in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A decree is an official order given by a ruler, a government or a court.
The tree, 15 words det nsubj cop det amod acl case det obl:agent punct det conj cc det conj punct root A DET decree NOUN is AUX an DET official ADJ order NOUN given VERB by ADP a DET ruler NOUN , PUNCT a DET government NOUN or CCONJ a DET court NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 decree det 2 decree decree NOUN Number=Sing 6 order nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 order cop 4 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 order det 5 official official ADJ Degree=Pos 6 order amod 6 order order NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 given give VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 order acl 8 by by ADP _ 10 ruler case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 ruler det 10 ruler ruler NOUN Number=Sing 7 given obl:agent 11 , , PUNCT _ 13 government punct 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 government det 13 government government NOUN Number=Sing 10 ruler conj 14 or or CCONJ _ 16 court cc 15 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 16 court det 16 court court NOUN Number=Sing 10 ruler conj 17 . . PUNCT _ 6 order punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a decree a official order tree rules 2 give participle a official order not said here vn break_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To decree something is to order it officially.
mark advcl obj cop mark obj advmod punct root To PART decree VERB something PRON is AUX to PART order VERB it PRON officially ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 decree mark 2 decree decree VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 order advcl 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 decree obj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 order cop 5 to to PART _ 6 order mark 6 order order VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 7 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 order obj 8 officially officially ADV _ 6 order advmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 order punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 decree to-infinitive something vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Theme 2 is present officially, order property tree rules
Meaning 3 Usage: Bible — kept apart, not parsed.
In the Bible, Caesar Augustus sent out a decree that everyone must be counted, which is why Mary and Joseph went to Bethlehem.
The tree, 23 words case det obl punct compound nsubj compound:prt det obj mark nsubj aux aux:pass advcl punct nsubj cop parataxis nsubj cc conj advcl:relcl case obl punct root In ADP the DET Bible PROPN , PUNCT Caesar PROPN Augustus PROPN sent VERB out ADP a DET decree NOUN that SCONJ everyone PRON must AUX be AUX counted VERB , PUNCT which PRON is AUX why ADV Mary PROPN and CCONJ Joseph PROPN went VERB to ADP Bethlehem PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 Bible case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 Bible det 3 Bible Bible PROPN Number=Sing 7 sent obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 Bible punct 5 Caesar Caesar PROPN Number=Sing 6 Augustus compound 6 Augustus Augustus PROPN Number=Sing 7 sent nsubj 7 sent send VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 8 out out ADP _ 7 sent compound:prt 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 decree det 10 decree decree NOUN Number=Sing 7 sent obj 11 that that SCONJ _ 15 counted mark 12 everyone everyone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Tot 15 counted nsubj 13 must must AUX VerbForm=Fin 15 counted aux 14 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 15 counted aux:pass 15 counted count VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 sent advcl 16 , , PUNCT _ 19 why punct 17 which which PRON PronType=Rel 19 why nsubj 18 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 19 why cop 19 why why ADV PronType=Int 15 counted parataxis 20 Mary Mary PROPN Number=Sing 23 went nsubj 21 and and CCONJ _ 22 Joseph cc 22 Joseph Joseph PROPN Number=Sing 20 Mary conj 23 went go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 19 why advcl:relcl 24 to to ADP _ 25 Bethlehem case 25 Bethlehem Bethlehem PROPN Number=Sing 23 went obl 26 . . PUNCT _ 7 sent punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 send out past Caesar Augustus a decree the Bible vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent decree=Theme in bible=Destination 2 count must · passive everyone vn multiply-108 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme 3 is present why property tree rules 4 go past Mary and Joseph Bethlehem vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to bethlehem=Initial_Location
Meaning 4 Usage: law — kept apart, not parsed.
A decree can be a court's decision, as in a divorce decree.
The tree, 13 words det nsubj aux cop det nmod:poss case punct case case det compound conj punct root A DET decree NOUN can AUX be AUX a DET court NOUN 's PART decision NOUN , PUNCT as ADP in ADP a DET divorce NOUN decree NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 decree det 2 decree decree NOUN Number=Sing 8 decision nsubj 3 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 8 decision aux 4 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 8 decision cop 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 court det 6 court court NOUN Number=Sing 8 decision nmod:poss 7 's 's PART _ 6 court case 8 decision decision NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 , , PUNCT _ 14 decree punct 10 as as ADP _ 14 decree case 11 in in ADP _ 14 decree case 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 decree det 13 divorce divorce NOUN Number=Sing 14 decree compound 14 decree decree NOUN Number=Sing 8 decision conj 15 . . PUNCT _ 8 decision punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a can a decree a court's decision and a divorce decree tree rules
Example 1 The king issued a decree that all dogs must wear bells.
det nsubj det obj obj det nsubj aux acl:relcl obj punct root The DET king NOUN issued VERB a DET decree NOUN that PRON all DET dogs NOUN must AUX wear VERB bells NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 king det 2 king king NOUN Number=Sing 3 issued nsubj 3 issued issue VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 decree det 5 decree decree NOUN Number=Sing 3 issued obj 6 that that PRON PronType=Rel 10 wear obj 7 all all DET PronType=Tot 8 dogs det 8 dogs dog NOUN Number=Plur 10 wear nsubj 9 must must AUX VerbForm=Fin 10 wear aux 10 wear wear VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 decree acl:relcl 11 bells bell NOUN Number=Plur 10 wear obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 issued punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 issue past the king a decree vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location decree=Theme 2 wear must all dogs a decree tree rules
Example 2 By royal decree, the day was a holiday.
case amod obl punct det nsubj cop det punct root By ADP royal ADJ decree NOUN , PUNCT the DET day NOUN was AUX a DET holiday NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 By by ADP _ 3 decree case 2 royal royal ADJ Degree=Pos 3 decree amod 3 decree decree NOUN Number=Sing 9 holiday obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 decree punct 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 day det 6 day day NOUN Number=Sing 9 holiday nsubj 7 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 9 holiday cop 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 holiday det 9 holiday holiday NOUN Number=Sing root root 10 . . PUNCT _ 9 holiday punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past the day a holiday by royal decree tree rules
Example 3 «In those days a decree went out from Caesar Augustus,» the reader began.
The tree, 13 words punct case det obl det nsubj advmod case compound obl punct punct det nsubj conj punct root « PUNCT In ADP those DET days NOUN a DET decree NOUN went VERB out ADV from ADP Caesar PROPN Augustus PROPN , PUNCT » PUNCT the DET reader NOUN began VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 7 went punct 2 In in ADP _ 4 days case 3 those that DET Number=Plur PronType=Dem 4 days det 4 days day NOUN Number=Plur 7 went obl 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 decree det 6 decree decree NOUN Number=Sing 7 went nsubj 7 went go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 8 out out ADV _ 7 went advmod 9 from from ADP _ 11 Augustus case 10 Caesar Caesar PROPN Number=Sing 11 Augustus compound 11 Augustus Augustus PROPN Number=Sing 7 went obl 12 , , PUNCT _ 7 went punct 13 » » PUNCT _ 7 went punct 14 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 15 reader det 15 reader reader NOUN Number=Sing 16 began nsubj 16 began begin VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 went conj 17 . . PUNCT _ 7 went punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 go out in a quote past a decree Caesar Augustus day out property vn interact-36.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 begin past the reader vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
Example 4 The emperor decreed that a new road should be built.
det nsubj mark det amod nsubj:pass aux aux:pass advcl punct root The DET emperor NOUN decreed VERB that SCONJ a DET new ADJ road NOUN should AUX be AUX built VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 emperor det 2 emperor emperor NOUN Number=Sing 3 decreed nsubj 3 decreed decree VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 that that SCONJ _ 10 built mark 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 road det 6 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 7 road amod 7 road road NOUN Number=Sing 10 built nsubj:pass 8 should should AUX VerbForm=Fin 10 built aux 9 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 10 built aux:pass 10 built build VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 decreed advcl 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 decreed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 decree past the emperor vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 2 build should · passive a new road vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product
Example 5 The court gave its final decree on the divorce.
det nsubj nmod:poss amod obj case det obl punct root The DET court NOUN gave VERB its PRON final ADJ decree NOUN on ADP the DET divorce NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 court det 2 court court NOUN Number=Sing 3 gave nsubj 3 gave give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 decree nmod:poss 5 final final ADJ Degree=Pos 6 decree amod 6 decree decree NOUN Number=Sing 3 gave obj 7 on on ADP _ 9 divorce case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 divorce det 9 divorce divorce NOUN Number=Sing 3 gave obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 gave punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give past the court court's final decree the divorce vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient PP.asset»: agent=Agent decree=Theme on divorce=Asset 2 decree court nom decree «communication intransitive»: poss=agent
Example 6 Mum decreed that there would be no screens at dinner. (humorous)
Sentence 1: Mum decreed that there would be no screens at dinner.
nsubj mark expl aux cop det obj case obl punct root Mum NOUN decreed VERB that SCONJ there PRON would AUX be AUX no DET screens NOUN at ADP dinner NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mum mum NOUN Number=Sing 2 decreed nsubj 2 decreed decree VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 that that SCONJ _ 6 be mark 4 there there PRON PronType=Dem 6 be expl 5 would would AUX VerbForm=Fin 6 be aux 6 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 8 screens cop 7 no no DET PronType=Neg 8 screens det 8 screens screen NOUN Number=Plur 2 decreed obj 9 at at ADP _ 10 dinner case 10 dinner dinner NOUN Number=Sing 2 decreed obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 decreed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 decree past Mum dinner vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 2 is a infinitive no screens tree rules
Sentence 2: (humorous)
punct punct root ( PUNCT humorous ADJ ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 humorous punct 2 humorous humorous ADJ Degree=Pos root root 3 ) ) PUNCT _ 2 humorous punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 7 So he had put forth a decree that whosoever should be able to make her laugh should marry her.
The tree, 19 words advmod nsubj aux advmod det nsubj nsubj nsubj aux cop acl:relcl mark xcomp nmod:poss obj aux parataxis obj punct root So ADV he PRON had AUX put VERB forth ADV a DET decree NOUN that PRON whosoever PRON should AUX be AUX able ADJ to PART make VERB her PRON laugh NOUN should AUX marry VERB her PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 So so ADV _ 4 put advmod 2 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 put nsubj 3 had have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 put aux 4 put put VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part root root 5 forth forth ADV _ 4 put advmod 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 decree det 7 decree decree NOUN Number=Sing 18 marry nsubj 8 that that PRON PronType=Rel 12 able nsubj 9 whosoever whosoever PRON PronType=Rel 12 able nsubj 10 should should AUX VerbForm=Fin 12 able aux 11 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 12 able cop 12 able able ADJ Degree=Pos 7 decree acl:relcl 13 to to PART _ 14 make mark 14 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf 12 able xcomp 15 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 16 laugh nmod:poss 16 laugh laugh NOUN Number=Sing 14 make obj 17 should should AUX VerbForm=Fin 18 marry aux 18 marry marry VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 put parataxis 19 her she PRON Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 18 marry obj 20 . . PUNCT _ 4 put punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 put past · perfect he forth property vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent 2 is should a decree able property tree rules 3 make to-infinitive a decree not said here decree's laugh vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset laugh=Product 4 marry should a decree her = she vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent she=Patient 5 laugh decree nom laugh «communication intransitive»: poss=agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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