defeasible Who acts: Defeasible, new facts, Tweety, bird, judge, agreement · What happens: mean, cancel, overturn, undo, be, say · To what, where: that, bird, defeasible conclusion, minds, right, theory · Speech: someone speaks here
«defeasible» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: defeasible in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Usage: formal, law, logic — kept apart, not parsed.
Defeasible means able to be cancelled or overturned, for example a right, a contract or a conclusion that may be undone by new facts.
The tree, 24 words nsubj xcomp mark aux:pass xcomp cc conj punct case obl det nmod punct det conj cc det conj nsubj:pass aux aux:pass parataxis case amod obl punct root Defeasible ADJ means VERB able ADJ to PART be AUX cancelled VERB or CCONJ overturned VERB , PUNCT for ADP example NOUN a DET right NOUN , PUNCT a DET contract NOUN or CCONJ a DET conclusion NOUN that PRON may AUX be AUX undone VERB by ADP new ADJ facts NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Defeasible defeasible ADJ Degree=Pos 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 able able ADJ Degree=Pos 2 means xcomp 4 to to PART _ 6 cancelled mark 5 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 6 cancelled aux:pass 6 cancelled cancel VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 able xcomp 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 overturned cc 8 overturned overturn VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 cancelled conj 9 , , PUNCT _ 11 example punct 10 for for ADP _ 11 example case 11 example example NOUN Number=Sing 8 overturned obl 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 right det 13 right right NOUN Number=Sing 11 example nmod 14 , , PUNCT _ 16 contract punct 15 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 16 contract det 16 contract contract NOUN Number=Sing 13 right conj 17 or or CCONJ _ 19 conclusion cc 18 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 19 conclusion det 19 conclusion conclusion NOUN Number=Sing 13 right conj 20 that that PRON PronType=Rel 23 undone nsubj:pass 21 may may AUX VerbForm=Fin 23 undone aux 22 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 23 undone aux:pass 23 undone undo VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 13 right parataxis 24 by by ADP _ 26 facts case 25 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 26 facts amod 26 facts fact NOUN Number=Plur 23 undone obl 27 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Defeasible able property vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent 2 cancel to-infinitive · passive Defeasible not said here tree rules 3 overturn participle Defeasible not said here for example a right and a contract or a conclusion tree rules 4 undo may · passive new facts that vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Example 1 «Tweety is a bird, so Tweety flies» is a defeasible conclusion.
The tree, 11 words punct nsubj cop det nsubj punct advmod compound appos punct cop det amod punct root « PUNCT Tweety PROPN is AUX a DET bird NOUN , PUNCT so ADV Tweety PROPN flies NOUN » PUNCT is AUX a DET defeasible ADJ conclusion NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 5 bird punct 2 Tweety Tweety PROPN Number=Sing 5 bird nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 bird cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 bird det 5 bird bird NOUN Number=Sing 14 conclusion nsubj 6 , , PUNCT _ 9 flies punct 7 so so ADV _ 9 flies advmod 8 Tweety Tweety PROPN Number=Sing 9 flies compound 9 flies fly NOUN Number=Plur 5 bird appos 10 » » PUNCT _ 9 flies punct 11 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 14 conclusion cop 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 conclusion det 13 defeasible defeasible ADJ Degree=Pos 14 conclusion amod 14 conclusion conclusion NOUN Number=Sing root root 15 . . PUNCT _ 14 conclusion punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a in a quote present Tweety a bird tree rules 2 is a present a bird a defeasible conclusion tree rules
Example 2 The judge said the agreement was defeasible.
det nsubj det nsubj cop ccomp punct root The DET judge NOUN said VERB the DET agreement NOUN was AUX defeasible ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 judge det 2 judge judge NOUN Number=Sing 3 said nsubj 3 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 agreement det 5 agreement agreement NOUN Number=Sing 7 defeasible nsubj 6 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 defeasible cop 7 defeasible defeasible ADJ Degree=Pos 3 said ccomp 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert past the judge vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent 2 is past the agreement defeasible property tree rules
Example 3 Most everyday reasoning is defeasible: new facts can change our minds.
amod amod nsubj cop punct amod nsubj aux conj nmod:poss obj punct root Most ADJ everyday ADJ reasoning NOUN is AUX defeasible ADJ : PUNCT new ADJ facts NOUN can AUX change VERB our PRON minds NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Most most ADJ Degree=Sup 3 reasoning amod 2 everyday everyday ADJ Degree=Pos 3 reasoning amod 3 reasoning reasoning NOUN Number=Sing 5 defeasible nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 defeasible cop 5 defeasible defeasible ADJ Degree=Pos root root 6 : : PUNCT _ 10 change punct 7 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 8 facts amod 8 facts fact NOUN Number=Plur 10 change nsubj 9 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 10 change aux 10 change change VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 defeasible conj 11 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 12 minds nmod:poss 12 minds mind NOUN Number=Plur 10 change obj 13 . . PUNCT _ 5 defeasible punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Most everyday reasoning defeasible property tree rules 2 change can new facts our minds vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mind=Patient 3 mind our nom mind «cognition transitive»: poss=agent
Example 4 The family's right to the land was defeasible if they stopped farming it.
The tree, 14 words det nmod:poss case nsubj case det nmod cop mark nsubj advcl xcomp obj punct root The DET family NOUN 's PART right NOUN to ADP the DET land NOUN was AUX defeasible ADJ if SCONJ they PRON stopped VERB farming VERB it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 family det 2 family family NOUN Number=Sing 4 right nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 family case 4 right right NOUN Number=Sing 9 defeasible nsubj 5 to to ADP _ 7 land case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 land det 7 land land NOUN Number=Sing 4 right nmod 8 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 9 defeasible cop 9 defeasible defeasible ADJ Degree=Pos root root 10 if if SCONJ _ 12 stopped mark 11 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 12 stopped nsubj 12 stopped stop VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 9 defeasible advcl 13 farming farm VERB VerbForm=Ger 12 stopped xcomp 14 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 13 farming obj 15 . . PUNCT _ 9 defeasible punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past the family's right to the land defeasible property tree rules 2 stop a condition, not said to happen past they vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality 3 farm gerund they not said here right vn rear-26.2.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient
Example 5 A scientist's theory is defeasible if a better experiment shows it wrong.
det nmod:poss case nsubj cop mark det amod nsubj advcl obj xcomp punct root A DET scientist NOUN 's PART theory NOUN is AUX defeasible ADJ if SCONJ a DET better ADJ experiment NOUN shows VERB it PRON wrong ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 scientist det 2 scientist scientist NOUN Number=Sing 4 theory nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 scientist case 4 theory theory NOUN Number=Sing 6 defeasible nsubj 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 defeasible cop 6 defeasible defeasible ADJ Degree=Pos root root 7 if if SCONJ _ 11 shows mark 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 experiment det 9 better good ADJ Degree=Cmp 10 experiment amod 10 experiment experiment NOUN Number=Sing 11 shows nsubj 11 shows show VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 defeasible advcl 12 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 shows obj 13 wrong wrong ADJ Degree=Pos 11 shows xcomp 14 . . PUNCT _ 6 defeasible punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present a scientist's theory defeasible property tree rules 2 show a condition, not said to happen present a better experiment theory wrong property vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent it=Recipient
Example 6 The rule is defeasible: there are exceptions.
det nsubj cop punct expl parataxis nsubj punct root The DET rule NOUN is AUX defeasible ADJ : PUNCT there PRON are VERB exceptions NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 rule det 2 rule rule NOUN Number=Sing 4 defeasible nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 defeasible cop 4 defeasible defeasible ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 : : PUNCT _ 7 are punct 6 there there PRON PronType=Dem 7 are expl 7 are be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 defeasible parataxis 8 exceptions exception NOUN Number=Plur 7 are nsubj 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 defeasible punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present the rule defeasible property tree rules 2 does present exceptions there vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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