degrade Who acts: pollution, plastic, you, respect, Something, person · What happens: make, degrade, break down, take, treat, feel · To what, where: something, quality, soil, smaller, hundreds, someone · Speech: someone speaks here
«degrade» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: degrade in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To make something worse in quality or condition: pollution degrades the soil.
mark obj amod case obl cc conj punct nsubj acl:relcl det obj punct root To PART make VERB something PRON worse ADJ in ADP quality NOUN or CCONJ condition NOUN : PUNCT pollution NOUN degrades VERB the DET soil NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 make mark 2 make make VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 make obj 4 worse bad ADJ Degree=Cmp 3 something amod 5 in in ADP _ 6 quality case 6 quality quality NOUN Number=Sing 2 make obl 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 condition cc 8 condition condition NOUN Number=Sing 6 quality conj 9 : : PUNCT _ 11 degrades punct 10 pollution pollution NOUN Number=Sing 11 degrades nsubj 11 degrades degrade VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 condition acl:relcl 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 soil det 13 soil soil NOUN Number=Sing 11 degrades obj 14 . . PUNCT _ 2 make punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make to-infinitive something quality or condition vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset something=Product 2 degrade present pollution the soil vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent soil=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: science — kept apart, not parsed.
To break down slowly into smaller, simpler parts: plastic takes hundreds of years to degrade.
The tree, 15 words mark advcl compound:prt advmod case obl punct amod obl punct nsubj obj case nmod mark advcl punct root To PART break VERB down ADP slowly ADV into ADP smaller ADJ , PUNCT simpler ADJ parts NOUN : PUNCT plastic NOUN takes VERB hundreds NOUN of ADP years NOUN to PART degrade VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 break mark 2 break break VERB VerbForm=Inf 12 takes advcl 3 down down ADP _ 2 break compound:prt 4 slowly slowly ADV _ 2 break advmod 5 into into ADP _ 6 smaller case 6 smaller small ADJ Degree=Cmp 2 break obl 7 , , PUNCT _ 9 parts punct 8 simpler simple ADJ Degree=Cmp 9 parts amod 9 parts part NOUN Number=Plur 6 smaller obl 10 : : PUNCT _ 12 takes punct 11 plastic plastic NOUN Number=Sing 12 takes nsubj 12 takes take VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 13 hundreds hundred NOUN Number=Plur 12 takes obj 14 of of ADP _ 15 years case 15 years year NOUN Number=Plur 13 hundreds nmod 16 to to PART _ 17 degrade mark 17 degrade degrade VERB VerbForm=Inf 12 takes advcl 18 . . PUNCT _ 12 takes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 break down to-infinitive plastic not said here into smaller result ; slowly property vn break-45.1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Patient into small=Result 2 take present plastic hundreds of years vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hundred=Theme 3 degrade to-infinitive plastic not said here vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Meaning 3 To treat someone without respect, making them feel worthless: it degrades people to be shouted at.
The tree, 16 words mark advcl obj case obl punct advcl obj xcomp punct nsubj conj obj mark aux:pass advcl obl punct root To PART treat VERB someone PRON without ADP respect NOUN , PUNCT making VERB them PRON feel VERB worthless ADJ : PUNCT it PRON degrades VERB people NOUN to PART be AUX shouted VERB at ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 treat mark 2 treat treat VERB VerbForm=Inf 9 feel advcl 3 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 treat obj 4 without without ADP _ 5 respect case 5 respect respect NOUN Number=Sing 2 treat obl 6 , , PUNCT _ 7 making punct 7 making make VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 9 feel advcl 8 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 making obj 9 feel feel VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 10 worthless worthless ADJ Degree=Pos 9 feel xcomp 11 : : PUNCT _ 13 degrades punct 12 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 13 degrades nsubj 13 degrades degrade VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 feel conj 14 people people NOUN Number=Plur 13 degrades obj 15 to to PART _ 17 shouted mark 16 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 17 shouted aux:pass 17 shouted shout VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 13 degrades advcl 18 at at ADP _ 17 shouted obl 19 . . PUNCT _ 9 feel punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 treat to-infinitive you not said here someone without respect vn equip-13.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent someone=Recipient 2 make gerund you not said here them = they vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset they=Product 3 feel imperative you not said here worthless property vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus 4 degrade present respect people vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent people=Patient 5 shout speech: express to-infinitive · passive respect not said here vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»
Meaning 4 Something degrading is shameful and makes a person feel less worthy or respected.
nsubj acl cop cc conj det obj xcomp advmod xcomp cc conj punct root Something PRON degrading VERB is AUX shameful ADJ and CCONJ makes VERB a DET person NOUN feel VERB less ADV worthy ADJ or CCONJ respected ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 4 shameful nsubj 2 degrading degrade VERB VerbForm=Ger 1 Something acl 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 shameful cop 4 shameful shameful ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 makes cc 6 makes make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 shameful conj 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 person det 8 person person NOUN Number=Sing 6 makes obj 9 feel feel VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 makes xcomp 10 less less ADV Degree=Cmp 11 worthy advmod 11 worthy worthy ADJ Degree=Pos 9 feel xcomp 12 or or CCONJ _ 13 respected cc 13 respected respected ADJ Degree=Pos 11 worthy conj 14 . . PUNCT _ 4 shameful punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 degrade gerund vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 2 is present Something shameful property tree rules 3 make present Something not said here a person tree rules 4 feel infinitive a person not said here worthy property vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus
Example 1 Plastic bags take a very long time to degrade.
compound nsubj det advmod amod obj mark acl punct root Plastic NOUN bags NOUN take VERB a DET very ADV long ADJ time NOUN to PART degrade VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Plastic plastic NOUN Number=Sing 2 bags compound 2 bags bag NOUN Number=Plur 3 take nsubj 3 take take VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 time det 5 very very ADV _ 6 long advmod 6 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 7 time amod 7 time time NOUN Number=Sing 3 take obj 8 to to PART _ 9 degrade mark 9 degrade degrade VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 time acl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 take punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 take present Plastic bags time vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 2 degrade to-infinitive Plastic bags not said here vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Example 2 Banana peel degrades quickly in a compost heap.
compound nsubj advmod case det compound obl punct root Banana NOUN peel NOUN degrades VERB quickly ADV in ADP a DET compost NOUN heap NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Banana banana NOUN Number=Sing 2 peel compound 2 peel peel NOUN Number=Sing 3 degrades nsubj 3 degrades degrade VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 quickly quickly ADV _ 3 degrades advmod 5 in in ADP _ 8 heap case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 heap det 7 compost compost NOUN Number=Sing 8 heap compound 8 heap heap NOUN Number=Sing 3 degrades obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 degrades punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 degrade present Banana peel a compost heap quickly property vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Example 3 Pollution has degraded the river.
nsubj aux det obj punct root Pollution NOUN has AUX degraded VERB the DET river NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Pollution pollution NOUN Number=Sing 3 degraded nsubj 2 has have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 degraded aux 3 degraded degrade VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 river det 5 river river NOUN Number=Sing 3 degraded obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 degraded punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 degrade present · perfect Pollution the river vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent river=Patient
Example 4 (formal) Habitat degradation threatens many animals.
punct amod punct compound nsubj amod obj punct root ( PUNCT formal ADJ ) PUNCT Habitat NOUN degradation NOUN threatens VERB many ADJ animals NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 formal punct 2 formal formal ADJ Degree=Pos 5 degradation amod 3 ) ) PUNCT _ 2 formal punct 4 Habitat habitat NOUN Number=Sing 5 degradation compound 5 degradation degradation NOUN Number=Sing 6 threatens nsubj 6 threatens threaten VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 8 animals amod 8 animals animal NOUN Number=Plur 6 threatens obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 threatens punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 threaten present formal Habitat degradation many animals vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus animal=Experiencer
Example 5 It is degrading to laugh at someone who is hurt.
nsubj aux mark xcomp case obl nsubj aux:pass acl:relcl punct root It PRON is AUX degrading VERB to PART laugh VERB at ADP someone PRON who PRON is AUX hurt VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 degrading nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 degrading aux 3 degrading degrade VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 4 to to PART _ 5 laugh mark 5 laugh laugh VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 degrading xcomp 6 at at ADP _ 7 someone case 7 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 5 laugh obl 8 who who PRON PronType=Rel 10 hurt nsubj 9 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 hurt aux:pass 10 hurt hurt VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 someone acl:relcl 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 degrading punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 degrade present · progressive It tree rules 2 laugh to-infinitive someone vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 hurt present · passive vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
Example 6 Old photos degrade and fade in sunlight.
amod nsubj cc conj case obl punct root Old ADJ photos NOUN degrade VERB and CCONJ fade VERB in ADP sunlight NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Old old ADJ Degree=Pos 2 photos amod 2 photos photo NOUN Number=Plur 3 degrade nsubj 3 degrade degrade VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 and and CCONJ _ 5 fade cc 5 fade fade VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 degrade conj 6 in in ADP _ 7 sunlight case 7 sunlight sunlight NOUN Number=Sing 5 fade obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 degrade punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 degrade present Old photos vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 2 fade present Old photos not said here sunlight vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Example 7 “I am the son of the prime minister of a great nation, and yet see what a degrading occupation I am reduced to.”
The tree, 23 words punct nsubj cop det case det amod nmod case det amod nmod punct cc advmod parataxis obj det amod nsubj:pass nsubj aux:pass ccomp obl punct punct root “ PUNCT I PRON am AUX the DET son NOUN of ADP the DET prime ADJ minister NOUN of ADP a DET great ADJ nation NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ yet ADV see VERB what PRON a DET degrading VERB occupation NOUN I PRON am AUX reduced VERB to ADP . PUNCT ” PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 “ " PUNCT _ 5 son punct 2 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 5 son nsubj 3 am be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 son cop 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 son det 5 son son NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 of of ADP _ 9 minister case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 minister det 8 prime prime ADJ Degree=Pos 9 minister amod 9 minister minister NOUN Number=Sing 5 son nmod 10 of of ADP _ 13 nation case 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 nation det 12 great great ADJ Degree=Pos 13 nation amod 13 nation nation NOUN Number=Sing 9 minister nmod 14 , , PUNCT _ 17 see punct 15 and and CCONJ _ 17 see cc 16 yet yet ADV _ 17 see advmod 17 see see VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 5 son parataxis 18 what what PRON PronType=Int 24 reduced obj 19 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 21 occupation det 20 degrading degrade VERB VerbForm=Ger 21 occupation amod 21 occupation occupation NOUN Number=Sing 24 reduced nsubj:pass 22 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 24 reduced nsubj 23 am be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 24 reduced aux:pass 24 reduced reduce VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 17 see ccomp 25 to to ADP _ 24 reduced obl 26 . . PUNCT _ 5 son punct 27 ” " PUNCT _ 5 son punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a in a quote present I the son of the prime minister of a great nation tree rules 2 see in a quote infinitive yet vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus 3 degrade in a quote gerund vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 4 reduce in a quote present · passive a degrading occupation vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2 «NP V NP.patient NP.extent PP.initial_state PP.result»: subject=Patient what=Extent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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