desert Who acts: desert, that, few plants, you, deserted place, Sahara · What happens: be, get, grow, not come back, stay, have · To what, where: large area, little rain, nobody, it, huge hot desert, desert
«desert» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: desert in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A desert (DEZ-ert) is a large area of land that gets very little rain, so few plants grow; it may be sandy, rocky, hot or cold.
The tree, 27 words det nsubj punct compound punct appos punct cop det amod case nmod nsubj parataxis advmod amod obj punct advmod amod nsubj parataxis punct nsubj aux cop parataxis punct conj punct conj cc conj punct root A DET desert NOUN ( PUNCT DEZ PROPN - PUNCT ert NOUN ) PUNCT is AUX a DET large ADJ area NOUN of ADP land NOUN that PRON gets VERB very ADV little ADJ rain NOUN , PUNCT so ADV few ADJ plants NOUN grow VERB ; PUNCT it PRON may AUX be AUX sandy ADJ , PUNCT rocky ADJ , PUNCT hot ADJ or CCONJ cold ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 desert det 2 desert desert NOUN Number=Sing 11 area nsubj 3 ( ( PUNCT _ 6 ert punct 4 DEZ DEZ PROPN Number=Sing 6 ert compound 5 - - PUNCT _ 4 DEZ punct 6 ert ert NOUN Number=Sing 2 desert appos 7 ) ) PUNCT _ 6 ert punct 8 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 area cop 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 area det 10 large large ADJ Degree=Pos 11 area amod 11 area area NOUN Number=Sing root root 12 of of ADP _ 13 land case 13 land land NOUN Number=Sing 11 area nmod 14 that that PRON PronType=Rel 15 gets nsubj 15 gets get VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 area parataxis 16 very very ADV _ 17 little advmod 17 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 18 rain amod 18 rain rain NOUN Number=Sing 15 gets obj 19 , , PUNCT _ 23 grow punct 20 so so ADV _ 23 grow advmod 21 few few ADJ Degree=Pos 22 plants amod 22 plants plant NOUN Number=Plur 23 grow nsubj 23 grow grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 15 gets parataxis 24 ; ; PUNCT _ 28 sandy punct 25 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 28 sandy nsubj 26 may may AUX VerbForm=Fin 28 sandy aux 27 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 28 sandy cop 28 sandy sandy ADJ Degree=Pos 11 area parataxis 29 , , PUNCT _ 30 rocky punct 30 rocky rocky ADJ Degree=Pos 28 sandy conj 31 , , PUNCT _ 32 hot punct 32 hot hot ADJ Degree=Pos 28 sandy conj 33 or or CCONJ _ 34 cold cc 34 cold cold ADJ Degree=Pos 28 sandy conj 35 . . PUNCT _ 11 area punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a desert a large area of land tree rules 2 get present that little rain vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer rain=Stimulus 3 grow present few plants vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 4 is may desert sandy property tree rules 5 be desert not said here tree rules 6 be desert not said here tree rules 7 be desert not said here tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To desert (di-ZURT) someone or somewhere is to leave and not come back, when you should stay.
The tree, 18 words mark nsubj punct appos punct appos punct nsubj cc conj cop mark cc advmod conj advmod punct advmod nsubj aux conj punct root To PART desert NOUN ( PUNCT di NOUN - PUNCT ZURT PROPN ) PUNCT someone PRON or CCONJ somewhere ADV is AUX to PART leave VERB and CCONJ not PART come VERB back ADV , PUNCT when ADV you PRON should AUX stay VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 desert mark 2 desert desert NOUN Number=Sing 13 leave nsubj 3 ( ( PUNCT _ 4 di punct 4 di di NOUN Number=Sing 2 desert appos 5 - - PUNCT _ 6 ZURT punct 6 ZURT ZURT PROPN Number=Sing 4 di appos 7 ) ) PUNCT _ 4 di punct 8 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 13 leave nsubj 9 or or CCONJ _ 10 somewhere cc 10 somewhere somewhere ADV PronType=Ind 8 someone conj 11 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 leave cop 12 to to PART _ 13 leave mark 13 leave leave VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 14 and and CCONJ _ 16 come cc 15 not not PART Polarity=Neg 16 come advmod 16 come come VERB VerbForm=Inf 13 leave conj 17 back back ADV _ 16 come advmod 18 , , PUNCT _ 22 stay punct 19 when when ADV PronType=Int 22 stay advmod 20 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 22 stay nsubj 21 should should AUX VerbForm=Fin 22 stay aux 22 stay stay VERB VerbForm=Inf 13 leave conj 23 . . PUNCT _ 13 leave punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present desert leave property tree rules 2 not come back infinitive desert not said here vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 3 stay should you vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Meaning 3 A deserted place has nobody in it.
det amod nsubj obj case nmod punct root A DET deserted ADJ place NOUN has VERB nobody PRON in ADP it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 place det 2 deserted deserted ADJ Degree=Pos 3 place amod 3 place place NOUN Number=Sing 4 has nsubj 4 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 nobody nobody PRON Number=Sing PronType=Neg 4 has obj 6 in in ADP _ 7 it case 7 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 nobody nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present a deserted place nobody it vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nobody=Patient
Example 1 The Sahara is a huge hot desert.
det nsubj cop det amod amod punct root The DET Sahara PROPN is AUX a DET huge ADJ hot ADJ desert NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 Sahara det 2 Sahara Sahara PROPN Number=Sing 7 desert nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 desert cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 desert det 5 huge huge ADJ Degree=Pos 7 desert amod 6 hot hot ADJ Degree=Pos 7 desert amod 7 desert desert NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 . . PUNCT _ 7 desert punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the Sahara a huge hot desert tree rules
Example 2 Cacti grow in the desert.
nsubj case det obl punct root Cacti NOUN grow VERB in ADP the DET desert NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Cacti cactus NOUN Number=Plur 2 grow nsubj 2 grow grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 in in ADP _ 5 desert case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 desert det 5 desert desert NOUN Number=Sing 2 grow obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 grow punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 grow present Cacti the desert vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in desert=Location
Example 3 Camels can go days without water in the desert.
nsubj aux obl:unmarked case obl case det obl punct root Camels NOUN can AUX go VERB days NOUN without ADP water NOUN in ADP the DET desert NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Camels camel NOUN Number=Plur 3 go nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 go aux 3 go go VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 days day NOUN Number=Plur 3 go obl:unmarked 5 without without ADP _ 6 water case 6 water water NOUN Number=Sing 3 go obl 7 in in ADP _ 9 desert case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 desert det 9 desert desert NOUN Number=Sing 3 go obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 go punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 go can Camels the desert day without water vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in desert=Location
Example 4 Antarctica is a cold desert.
nsubj cop det amod punct root Antarctica PROPN is AUX a DET cold ADJ desert NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Antarctica Antarctica PROPN Number=Sing 5 desert nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 desert cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 desert det 4 cold cold ADJ Degree=Pos 5 desert amod 5 desert desert NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 . . PUNCT _ 5 desert punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Antarctica a cold desert tree rules
Example 5 Take lots of water when you visit the desert.
obj case nmod mark nsubj advcl det obj punct root Take VERB lots NOUN of ADP water NOUN when SCONJ you PRON visit VERB the DET desert NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Take take VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 lots lot NOUN Number=Plur 1 Take obj 3 of of ADP _ 4 water case 4 water water NOUN Number=Sing 2 lots nmod 5 when when SCONJ _ 7 visit mark 6 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 7 visit nsubj 7 visit visit VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 Take advcl 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 desert det 9 desert desert NOUN Number=Sing 7 visit obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 1 Take punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 take imperative you not said here lots of water vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lot=Theme 2 visit present you the desert vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent desert=Co-Agent
Example 6 The soldier deserted his post.
det nsubj nmod:poss obj punct root The DET soldier NOUN deserted VERB his PRON post NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 soldier det 2 soldier soldier NOUN Number=Sing 3 deserted nsubj 3 deserted desert VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 post nmod:poss 5 post post NOUN Number=Sing 3 deserted obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 deserted punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 desert past the soldier soldier's post vn leave-51.2-1 «NP V NP.initial_location»: agent=Theme post=Source
Example 7 The beach was deserted in winter.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl punct root The DET beach NOUN was AUX deserted VERB in ADP winter NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 beach det 2 beach beach NOUN Number=Sing 4 deserted nsubj:pass 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 deserted aux:pass 4 deserted desert VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 in in ADP _ 6 winter case 6 winter winter NOUN Number=Sing 4 deserted obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 deserted punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 desert past · passive the beach winter vn leave-51.2-1 «NP V NP.initial_location»: subject=Source
Example 8 Imagine you are on a desert island.
nsubj cop case det compound ccomp punct root Imagine VERB you PRON are AUX on ADP a DET desert NOUN island NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Imagine imagine VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 7 island nsubj 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 island cop 4 on on ADP _ 7 island case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 island det 6 desert desert NOUN Number=Sing 7 island compound 7 island island NOUN Number=Sing 1 Imagine ccomp 8 . . PUNCT _ 1 Imagine punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 imagine imperative you not said here vn wish-62 «NP V for NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot 2 is present you a desert island tree rules
Example 9 Now the desert lies behind them.
advmod det nsubj case obl punct root Now ADV the DET desert NOUN lies VERB behind ADP them PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Now now ADV PronType=Dem 4 lies advmod 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 desert det 3 desert desert NOUN Number=Sing 4 lies nsubj 4 lies lie VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 behind behind ADP _ 6 them case 6 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 lies obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 lies punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lie present the desert now behind them = they vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent behind they=Location
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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