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desperate

Who acts: you, success, Desperate, lost hikers, I, They · What happens: feel, have, do, change, want, need · To what, where: little hope, anything, situation, something, desperate attempt, toilet · Speech: someone speaks here

«desperate» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: desperate in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

Feeling that you have little hope and will do anything to change the situation.

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Feeling	feel	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
2	that	that	SCONJ	_	4 have	mark
3	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	4 have	nsubj
4	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Feeling	advcl
5	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 hope	amod
6	hope	hope	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 have	obj
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 do	cc
8	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	9 do	aux
9	do	do	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 have	conj
10	anything	anything	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	9 do	obj
11	to	to	PART	_	12 change	mark
12	change	change	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 anything	acl
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 situation	det
14	situation	situation	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 change	obj
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Feeling	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	feel	gerund							vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus
2	have	present	you	little hope					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hope=Patient
3	do	future	you not said here	anything					vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent anything=Eventuality
4	change	to-infinitive	you not said here	the situation					vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent situation=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Wanting or needing something very much: «desperate for a drink».

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Wanting	want	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	9 desperate	csubj
2	or	or	CCONJ	_	3 needing	cc
3	needing	need	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	1 Wanting	conj
4	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	3 needing	obj
5	very	very	ADV	_	6 much	advmod
6	much	much	ADV	_	3 needing	advmod
7	:	:	PUNCT	_	9 desperate	punct
8	«	«	PUNCT	_	9 desperate	punct
9	desperate	desperate	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
10	for	for	ADP	_	12 drink	case
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 drink	det
12	drink	drink	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 desperate	obl
13	»	»	PUNCT	_	9 desperate	punct
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 desperate	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	want	gerund							vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot
2	need	gerund		something					vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot something=Theme

Meaning 3

Very serious or dangerous: «a desperate situation».

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Very	very	ADV	_	2 serious	advmod
2	serious	serious	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
3	or	or	CCONJ	_	4 dangerous	cc
4	dangerous	dangerous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 serious	conj
5	:	:	PUNCT	_	9 situation	punct
6	«	«	PUNCT	_	9 situation	punct
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 situation	det
8	desperate	desperate	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 situation	amod
9	situation	situation	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 serious	appos
10	»	»	PUNCT	_	9 situation	punct
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 serious	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Meaning 4

Done as a last try with little chance of success: «a desperate attempt».

The tree, 13 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Done	do	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
2	as	as	ADP	_	5 try	case
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 try	det
4	last	last	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 try	amod
5	try	try	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Done	obl
6	with	with	ADP	_	8 chance	case
7	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 chance	amod
8	chance	chance	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 try	nmod
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 success	case
10	success	success	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 chance	nmod
11	:	:	PUNCT	_	1 Done	punct
12	«	«	PUNCT	_	15 attempt	punct
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 attempt	det
14	desperate	desperate	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 attempt	amod
15	attempt	attempt	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Done	obl
16	»	»	PUNCT	_	15 attempt	punct
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Done	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	participle		a desperate attempt				as a last try with little chance of success	vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	chance		success						nom chance «state intransitive»: of=agent

Meaning 5

Usage: informal, UK — kept apart, not parsed.

«Desperate for the loo» means needing the toilet very badly.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	2 Desperate	punct
2	Desperate	desperate	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 means	nsubj
3	for	for	ADP	_	5 loo	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 loo	det
5	loo	loo	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 Desperate	obl
6	»	»	PUNCT	_	2 Desperate	punct
7	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	needing	need	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	7 means	xcomp
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 toilet	det
10	toilet	toilet	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 needing	obj
11	very	very	ADV	_	12 badly	advmod
12	badly	badly	ADV	Degree=Pos	8 needing	advmod
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 means	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	present	Desperate						vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	need not said to happen	gerund	Desperate not said here	the toilet				badly property	vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot toilet=Theme

Example 1

The lost hikers were desperate for water.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 hikers	det
2	lost	lose	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 hikers	amod
3	hikers	hiker	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 desperate	nsubj
4	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 desperate	cop
5	desperate	desperate	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	for	for	ADP	_	7 water	case
7	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 desperate	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 desperate	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lose	participle							vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	is	past	the lost hikers					for water; desperate property	tree rules

Example 2

I'm desperate to see the new film.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	3 desperate	nsubj
2	'm	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 desperate	cop
3	desperate	desperate	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 see	mark
5	see	see	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 desperate	xcomp
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 film	det
7	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 film	amod
8	film	film	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 see	obj
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 desperate	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	I					desperate property	tree rules
2	see	to-infinitive	I not said here	the new film					vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer film=Stimulus

Example 3

They made a desperate attempt to save the goal.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 made	nsubj
2	made	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 attempt	det
4	desperate	desperate	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 attempt	amod
5	attempt	attempt	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 made	obj
6	to	to	PART	_	7 save	mark
7	save	save	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 attempt	acl
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 goal	det
9	goal	goal	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 save	obj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 made	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	past	They	a desperate attempt					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset attempt=Product
2	save	to-infinitive	They not said here	the goal					vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent goal=Theme

Example 4

The family was in desperate need of food and shelter.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 family	det
2	family	family	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 need	nsubj
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 need	cop
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 need	case
5	desperate	desperate	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 need	amod
6	need	need	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 food	case
8	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 need	nmod
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 shelter	cc
10	shelter	shelter	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 food	conj
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 need	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	the family			desperate need		of food and shelter	tree rules

Example 5

(informal) Stop the car, I'm desperate for the loo!

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	4 Stop	punct
2	informal	informal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 Stop	advcl
3	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 informal	punct
4	Stop	stop	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 car	det
6	car	car	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 Stop	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 desperate	punct
8	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	10 desperate	nsubj
9	'm	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 desperate	cop
10	desperate	desperate	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 Stop	parataxis
11	for	for	ADP	_	13 loo	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 loo	det
13	loo	loo	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 desperate	obl
14	!	!	PUNCT	_	4 Stop	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stop	imperative	you not said here	the car					vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality car=Eventuality
2	is	present	I					for the loo; desperate property	tree rules

Example 6

Desperate times call for desperate measures.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Desperate	desperate	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 times	amod
2	times	time	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 call	nsubj
3	call	call	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	for	for	ADP	_	6 measures	case
5	desperate	desperate	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 measures	amod
6	measures	measure	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 call	obl
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 call	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	call	present	Desperate times					for desperate measures	vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient S_INF»: agent=Agent for measure=Recipient

Example 7

The kitten gave a desperate cry from the tree.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 kitten	det
2	kitten	kitten	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 gave	nsubj
3	gave	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 cry	det
5	desperate	desperate	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 cry	amod
6	cry	cry	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 gave	obj
7	from	from	ADP	_	9 tree	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 tree	det
9	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 gave	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 gave	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	past	the kitten	a desperate cry		the tree			vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cry=Theme

Example 8

Her case, on the contrary, looked more desperate than ever.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 case	nmod:poss
2	case	case	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 looked	nsubj
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 contrary	punct
4	on	on	ADP	_	6 contrary	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 contrary	det
6	contrary	contrary	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 case	appos
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 case	punct
8	looked	look	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	10 desperate	advmod
10	desperate	desperate	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 looked	xcomp
11	than	than	ADP	_	12 ever	case
12	ever	ever	ADV	PronType=Ind	10 desperate	obl
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 looked	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	look	past	Her case					desperate property	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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