devolution Who acts: Devolution, living thing, Scotland, people, we · What happens: hand, give, not use, change, pass, decide · To what, where: powers, central government, own Parliament, Scotland, idea, modern biology · Speech: someone speaks here
«devolution» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: devolution in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Usage: politics — kept apart, not parsed.
Handing some powers from a central government to smaller regional governments or parliaments: «Devolution gave Scotland its own Parliament».
The tree, 19 words det obj case det amod obl case amod amod obl cc conj punct punct nsubj advcl iobj nmod:poss amod obj punct punct root Handing VERB some DET powers NOUN from ADP a DET central ADJ government NOUN to ADP smaller ADJ regional ADJ governments NOUN or CCONJ parliaments NOUN : PUNCT « PUNCT Devolution PROPN gave VERB Scotland PROPN its PRON own ADJ Parliament NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Handing hand VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 2 some some DET PronType=Ind 3 powers det 3 powers power NOUN Number=Plur 1 Handing obj 4 from from ADP _ 7 government case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 government det 6 central central ADJ Degree=Pos 7 government amod 7 government government NOUN Number=Sing 1 Handing obl 8 to to ADP _ 11 governments case 9 smaller small ADJ Degree=Cmp 11 governments amod 10 regional regional ADJ Degree=Pos 11 governments amod 11 governments government NOUN Number=Plur 1 Handing obl 12 or or CCONJ _ 13 parliaments cc 13 parliaments parliament NOUN Number=Plur 11 governments conj 14 : : PUNCT _ 17 gave punct 15 « « PUNCT _ 17 gave punct 16 Devolution Devolution PROPN Number=Sing 17 gave nsubj 17 gave give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 1 Handing advcl 18 Scotland Scotland PROPN Number=Sing 17 gave iobj 19 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 21 Parliament nmod:poss 20 own own ADJ Degree=Pos 21 Parliament amod 21 Parliament parliament NOUN Number=Sing 17 gave obj 22 » » PUNCT _ 17 gave punct 23 . . PUNCT _ 1 Handing punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hand gerund some powers a central government to smaller regional governments or parliaments vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP PP.initial_location PP.destination»: agent=Agent power=Theme from government=Initial_Location to government=Destination 2 give in a quote past Devolution government's own Parliament Scotland vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent scotland=Recipient parliament=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: science, old — kept apart, not parsed.
Change of a living thing into a simpler form; this idea is not used much in modern biology.
The tree, 18 words nsubj case det compound nmod case det amod punct det nsubj:pass aux:pass advmod parataxis advmod case amod obl punct root Change NOUN of ADP a DET living NOUN thing NOUN into ADP a DET simpler ADJ form NOUN ; PUNCT this DET idea NOUN is AUX not PART used VERB much ADV in ADP modern ADJ biology NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Change change NOUN Number=Sing 9 form nsubj 2 of of ADP _ 5 thing case 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 thing det 4 living living NOUN Number=Sing 5 thing compound 5 thing thing NOUN Number=Sing 1 Change nmod 6 into into ADP _ 9 form case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 form det 8 simpler simple ADJ Degree=Cmp 9 form amod 9 form form NOUN Number=Sing root root 10 ; ; PUNCT _ 15 used punct 11 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 12 idea det 12 idea idea NOUN Number=Sing 15 used nsubj:pass 13 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 15 used aux:pass 14 not not PART Polarity=Neg 15 used advmod 15 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 9 form parataxis 16 much much ADV _ 15 used advmod 17 in in ADP _ 19 biology case 18 modern modern ADJ Degree=Pos 19 biology amod 19 biology biology NOUN Number=Sing 15 used obl 20 . . PUNCT _ 9 form punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not use present · passive this idea modern biology vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient 2 change a living thing nom change «event intransitive»: of=agent
Meaning 3 Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.
Passing a job, duty or property on to someone else.
det obj punct conj cc conj case case obl advmod punct root Passing VERB a DET job NOUN , PUNCT duty NOUN or CCONJ property NOUN on ADP to ADP someone PRON else ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Passing pass VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 job det 3 job job NOUN Number=Sing 1 Passing obj 4 , , PUNCT _ 5 duty punct 5 duty duty NOUN Number=Sing 3 job conj 6 or or CCONJ _ 7 property cc 7 property property NOUN Number=Sing 3 job conj 8 on on ADP _ 10 someone case 9 to to ADP _ 10 someone case 10 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 1 Passing obl 11 else else ADV _ 10 someone advmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 1 Passing punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pass gerund a job and duty or property someone vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent job=Theme on someone=Destination
Example 1 Devolution gave Wales its own parliament, the Senedd.
nsubj iobj nmod:poss amod obj punct det appos punct root Devolution PROPN gave VERB Wales PROPN its PRON own ADJ parliament NOUN , PUNCT the DET Senedd PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Devolution Devolution PROPN Number=Sing 2 gave nsubj 2 gave give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 Wales Wales PROPN Number=Sing 2 gave iobj 4 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 parliament nmod:poss 5 own own ADJ Degree=Pos 6 parliament amod 6 parliament parliament NOUN Number=Sing 2 gave obj 7 , , PUNCT _ 9 Senedd punct 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 Senedd det 9 Senedd Senedd PROPN Number=Sing 6 parliament appos 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 gave punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give past Devolution its own parliament Wales vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent wales=Recipient parliament=Theme
Example 2 Because of devolution, Scotland decides its own school system.
case fixed obl punct nsubj nmod:poss amod compound obj punct root Because ADP of ADP devolution NOUN , PUNCT Scotland PROPN decides VERB its PRON own ADJ school NOUN system NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Because because ADP ExtPos=ADP 3 devolution case 2 of of ADP _ 1 Because fixed 3 devolution devolution NOUN Number=Sing 6 decides obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 devolution punct 5 Scotland Scotland PROPN Number=Sing 6 decides nsubj 6 decides decide VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 10 system nmod:poss 8 own own ADJ Degree=Pos 10 system amod 9 school school NOUN Number=Sing 10 system compound 10 system system NOUN Number=Sing 6 decides obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 6 decides punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 decide present Scotland devolution's own school system because devolution vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent system=Topic
Example 3 The Northern Ireland Assembly was set up through devolution.
det flat compound nsubj:pass aux:pass compound:prt case obl punct root The DET Northern PROPN Ireland PROPN Assembly PROPN was AUX set VERB up ADP through ADP devolution NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 Assembly det 2 Northern Northern PROPN Number=Sing 3 Ireland flat 3 Ireland Ireland PROPN Number=Sing 4 Assembly compound 4 Assembly Assembly PROPN Number=Sing 6 set nsubj:pass 5 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 set aux:pass 6 set set VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 7 up up ADP _ 6 set compound:prt 8 through through ADP _ 9 devolution case 9 devolution devolution NOUN Number=Sing 6 set obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 6 set punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 set up past · passive the Ireland Assembly devolution vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme through devolution=Destination
Example 4 Some people want more devolution to English cities.
det nsubj amod obj case amod obl punct root Some DET people NOUN want VERB more ADJ devolution NOUN to ADP English ADJ cities NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Some some DET PronType=Ind 2 people det 2 people people NOUN Number=Plur 3 want nsubj 3 want want VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 more more ADJ Degree=Cmp 5 devolution amod 5 devolution devolution NOUN Number=Sing 3 want obj 6 to to ADP _ 8 cities case 7 English English ADJ Degree=Pos 8 cities amod 8 cities city NOUN Number=Plur 3 want obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 want punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 want present some people more devolution to English cities vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent devolution=Theme to city=Attribute
Example 5 Devolution means power moves from the centre to the regions.
nsubj compound obj case det nmod case det nmod punct root Devolution NOUN means VERB power NOUN moves NOUN from ADP the DET centre NOUN to ADP the DET regions NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Devolution devolution NOUN Number=Sing 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 power power NOUN Number=Sing 4 moves compound 4 moves move NOUN Number=Plur 2 means obj 5 from from ADP _ 7 centre case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 centre det 7 centre centre NOUN Number=Sing 4 moves nmod 8 to to ADP _ 10 regions case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 regions det 10 regions region NOUN Number=Plur 7 centre nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Devolution power moves the centre to the regions vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent move=Topic
Example 6 In history we learned that devolution came in 1999.
case obl nsubj mark nsubj ccomp case obl punct root In ADP history NOUN we PRON learned VERB that SCONJ devolution NOUN came VERB in ADP 1999 NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 history case 2 history history NOUN Number=Sing 4 learned obl 3 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 4 learned nsubj 4 learned learn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 that that SCONJ _ 7 came mark 6 devolution devolution NOUN Number=Sing 7 came nsubj 7 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 learned ccomp 8 in in ADP _ 9 1999 case 9 1999 1999 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 7 came obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 learned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 learn past we history vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 come past devolution 1999 vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in 1999=Location
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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