disheartened
Who acts: you, team, rain, he · What happens: dishearten, mean, feel, lose, want, give up · To what, where: hope, He, picnic, knight
«disheartened» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 4 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: disheartened in the school dictionary.
Meaning 1
Disheartened means feeling sad and losing hope or courage, so that you want to give up.
The tree, 16 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Disheartened | dishearten | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 means | nsubj |
| 2 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | feeling | feel | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 2 means | xcomp |
| 4 | sad | sad | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 feeling | xcomp |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 losing | cc |
| 6 | losing | lose | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 3 feeling | conj |
| 7 | hope | hope | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 losing | obj |
| 8 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 9 courage | cc |
| 9 | courage | courage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 hope | conj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 want | punct |
| 11 | so | so | SCONJ | ExtPos=SCONJ | 14 want | mark |
| 12 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 11 so | fixed |
| 13 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 14 want | nsubj |
| 14 | want | want | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 feeling | advcl |
| 15 | to | to | PART | _ | 16 give | mark |
| 16 | give | give | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 want | xcomp |
| 17 | up | up | ADP | _ | 16 give | compound:prt |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 means | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | dishearten | participle | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | ||||||
| 2 | mean | present | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||||
| 3 | feel not said to happen | gerund | sad property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus | |||||
| 4 | lose | gerund | hope or courage | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hope=Eventuality | |||||
| 5 | want | present | you | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme | |||||
| 6 | give up not said to happen | to-infinitive | you not said here | vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Example 1
After three losses, the team felt disheartened.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | After | after | ADP | _ | 3 losses | case |
| 2 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 3 losses | nummod |
| 3 | losses | loss | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 felt | obl |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 losses | punct |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 team | det |
| 6 | team | team | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 felt | nsubj |
| 7 | felt | feel | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | disheartened | dishearten | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 felt | xcomp |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 felt | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | feel | past | the team | after three losses | vn conjecture-29.5-2 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | ||||
| 2 | dishearten | participle | the team not said here | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
Example 2
Don't be disheartened; keep practising.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Do | do | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | n't | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 4 disheartened | advmod |
| 3 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 4 disheartened | aux:pass |
| 4 | disheartened | dishearten | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 1 Do | advcl |
| 5 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 6 keep | punct |
| 6 | keep | keep | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 1 Do | conj |
| 7 | practising | practise | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 6 keep | xcomp |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Do | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | do | imperative | you not said here | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | not dishearten | infinitive · passive | you not said here | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle» | |||||
| 3 | keep | infinitive | you not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | practise | gerund | you not said here | tree rules |
Example 3
He grew disheartened when the rain spoiled the picnic.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 disheartened | nsubj |
| 2 | grew | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 disheartened | aux:pass |
| 3 | disheartened | dishearten | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 7 spoiled | advmod |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 rain | det |
| 6 | rain | rain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 spoiled | nsubj |
| 7 | spoiled | spoil | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 disheartened | advcl |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 picnic | det |
| 9 | picnic | picnic | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 spoiled | obj |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 disheartened | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | dishearten | past · passive | He | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer | |||||
| 2 | spoil | past | the rain | the picnic | tree rules |
Example 4
The knight was disheartened, but he rode on.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 knight | det |
| 2 | knight | knight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 disheartened | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 disheartened | aux:pass |
| 4 | disheartened | dishearten | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 rode | punct |
| 6 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 8 rode | cc |
| 7 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 rode | nsubj |
| 8 | rode | ride | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 disheartened | conj |
| 9 | on | on | ADP | _ | 8 rode | compound:prt |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 disheartened | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | dishearten | past · passive | the knight | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer | |||||
| 2 | ride on | past | he | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/D/disheartened/