downstream Who acts: river, leaf, We, village, Rivers, Salmon · What happens: mean, flow, describe, float, paddle, be · To what, where: direction, place, canoe, mile, bridge, eggs · Speech: someone speaks here
«downstream» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: downstream in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Downstream means in the direction a river or stream flows, towards the sea.
The tree, 13 words advmod case det obl det nsubj cc conj acl:relcl punct case det parataxis punct root Downstream ADV means VERB in ADP the DET direction NOUN a DET river NOUN or CCONJ stream NOUN flows VERB , PUNCT towards ADP the DET sea NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Downstream downstream ADV _ 2 means advmod 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 in in ADP _ 5 direction case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 direction det 5 direction direction NOUN Number=Sing 2 means obl 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 river det 7 river river NOUN Number=Sing 10 flows nsubj 8 or or CCONJ _ 9 stream cc 9 stream stream NOUN Number=Sing 7 river conj 10 flows flow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 direction acl:relcl 11 , , PUNCT _ 14 sea punct 12 towards towards ADP _ 14 sea case 13 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 14 sea det 14 sea sea NOUN Number=Sing 2 means parataxis 15 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present in the direction; downstream property vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot in direction=Attribute 2 flow present a river or stream the direction not said here vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location direction=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Downstream describes a place further along a river in that direction.
advmod det obj advmod case det nmod case det nmod punct root Downstream ADV describes VERB a DET place NOUN further ADV along ADP a DET river NOUN in ADP that DET direction NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Downstream downstream ADV _ 2 describes advmod 2 describes describe VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 place det 4 place place NOUN Number=Sing 2 describes obj 5 further further ADV _ 8 river advmod 6 along along ADP _ 8 river case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 river det 8 river river NOUN Number=Sing 4 place nmod 9 in in ADP _ 11 direction case 10 that that DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 11 direction det 11 direction direction NOUN Number=Sing 8 river nmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 describes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 describe present a place along a river in that direction; downstream property vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent place=Theme
Example 1 The leaf floated downstream.
det nsubj advmod punct root The DET leaf NOUN floated VERB downstream ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 leaf det 2 leaf leaf NOUN Number=Sing 3 floated nsubj 3 floated float VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 downstream downstream ADV _ 3 floated advmod 5 . . PUNCT _ 3 floated punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 float past the leaf downstream property vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 2 We paddled our canoe downstream.
nsubj nmod:poss obj advmod punct root We PRON paddled VERB our PRON canoe NOUN downstream ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 paddled nsubj 2 paddled paddle VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 canoe nmod:poss 4 canoe canoe NOUN Number=Sing 2 paddled obj 5 downstream downstream ADV _ 2 paddled advmod 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 paddled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 paddle past We our canoe downstream property vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent canoe=Location
Example 3 The village is a mile downstream from the bridge.
det nsubj cop det advmod case det nmod punct root The DET village NOUN is AUX a DET mile NOUN downstream ADV from ADP the DET bridge NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 village det 2 village village NOUN Number=Sing 5 mile nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 mile cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 mile det 5 mile mile NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 downstream downstream ADV _ 9 bridge advmod 7 from from ADP _ 9 bridge case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 bridge det 9 bridge bridge NOUN Number=Sing 5 mile nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 mile punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the village a mile the bridge tree rules
Example 4 Rivers get wider as they flow downstream.
nsubj xcomp mark nsubj advcl advmod punct root Rivers NOUN get VERB wider ADJ as SCONJ they PRON flow VERB downstream ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Rivers river NOUN Number=Plur 2 get nsubj 2 get get VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 wider wide ADJ Degree=Cmp 2 get xcomp 4 as as SCONJ _ 6 flow mark 5 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 flow nsubj 6 flow flow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 get advcl 7 downstream downstream ADV _ 6 flow advmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 get punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 get present Rivers wide property vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer 2 flow present Rivers = river downstream property vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 5 Salmon swim upstream, not downstream, to lay their eggs.
nsubj advmod punct advmod advmod punct mark conj nmod:poss obj punct root Salmon NOUN swim VERB upstream ADV , PUNCT not PART downstream ADV , PUNCT to PART lay VERB their PRON eggs NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Salmon salmon NOUN Number=Plur 2 swim nsubj 2 swim swim VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 upstream upstream ADV _ 2 swim advmod 4 , , PUNCT _ 6 downstream punct 5 not not PART Polarity=Neg 6 downstream advmod 6 downstream downstream ADV _ 2 swim advmod 7 , , PUNCT _ 9 lay punct 8 to to PART _ 9 lay mark 9 lay lay VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 swim conj 10 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 11 eggs nmod:poss 11 eggs egg NOUN Number=Plur 9 lay obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 swim punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 swim present Salmon downstream, upstream property vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 lay to-infinitive Salmon not said here Salmon's eggs vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent egg=Result
Example 6 Pollution upstream can harm fish downstream.
nsubj advmod aux obj advmod punct root Pollution NOUN upstream ADV can AUX harm VERB fish NOUN downstream ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Pollution pollution NOUN Number=Sing 4 harm nsubj 2 upstream upstream ADV _ 4 harm advmod 3 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 harm aux 4 harm harm VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 fish fish NOUN Number=Sing 4 harm obj 6 downstream downstream ADV _ 4 harm advmod 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 harm punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 harm can Pollution fish downstream, upstream property vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus fish=Experiencer
Example 7 Never chase a ball that is being carried downstream; the water is stronger than you think.
The tree, 16 words advmod det obj nsubj:pass aux:pass aux:pass acl:relcl advmod punct det nsubj cop parataxis mark nsubj advcl punct root Never ADV chase VERB a DET ball NOUN that PRON is AUX being AUX carried VERB downstream ADV ; PUNCT the DET water NOUN is AUX stronger ADJ than SCONJ you PRON think VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Never never ADV PronType=Neg 2 chase advmod 2 chase chase VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 ball det 4 ball ball NOUN Number=Sing 2 chase obj 5 that that PRON PronType=Rel 8 carried nsubj:pass 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 carried aux:pass 7 being be AUX Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 8 carried aux:pass 8 carried carry VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 ball acl:relcl 9 downstream downstream ADV _ 8 carried advmod 10 ; ; PUNCT _ 14 stronger punct 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 water det 12 water water NOUN Number=Sing 14 stronger nsubj 13 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 14 stronger cop 14 stronger strong ADJ Degree=Cmp 2 chase parataxis 15 than than SCONJ _ 17 think mark 16 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 17 think nsubj 17 think think VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 14 stronger advcl 18 . . PUNCT _ 2 chase punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not chase imperative you not said here a ball vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ball=Theme 2 carry present · passive a ball downstream property vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme 3 is present the water strong property tree rules 4 think speech: other present you vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 8 Remember, you are upstream and I am downstream."
punct nsubj cop ccomp cc nsubj cop conj punct punct root Remember VERB , PUNCT you PRON are AUX upstream ADJ and CCONJ I PRON am AUX downstream ADV . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Remember remember VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 , , PUNCT _ 5 upstream punct 3 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 5 upstream nsubj 4 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 upstream cop 5 upstream upstream ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Remember ccomp 6 and and CCONJ _ 9 downstream cc 7 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 9 downstream nsubj 8 am be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 downstream cop 9 downstream downstream ADV _ 5 upstream conj 10 . . PUNCT _ 1 Remember punct 11 " " PUNCT _ 1 Remember punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 remember imperative you not said here vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent 2 is present you upstream property tree rules 3 is present I downstream property tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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