drat Who acts: you, I, old lady, it, cartoon villain, witch bodies · What happens: exclaim, drat, forget, run out, say, rain · To what, where: annoyance, lunch, it, cat, Drat, count · Speech: someone speaks here
«drat» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: drat in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Usage: old-fashioned, euphemism — kept apart, not parsed.
a mild exclamation of annoyance; a soft stand-in for «damn».
The tree, 11 words det amod case nmod punct det amod compound punct appos case punct nmod punct punct root a DET mild ADJ exclamation NOUN of ADP annoyance NOUN ; PUNCT a DET soft ADJ stand NOUN - PUNCT in NOUN for ADP « PUNCT damn ADV » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 exclamation det 2 mild mild ADJ Degree=Pos 3 exclamation amod 3 exclamation exclamation NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 of of ADP _ 5 annoyance case 5 annoyance annoyance NOUN Number=Sing 3 exclamation nmod 6 ; ; PUNCT _ 11 in punct 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 in det 8 soft soft ADJ Degree=Pos 11 in amod 9 stand stand NOUN Number=Sing 11 in compound 10 - - PUNCT _ 9 stand punct 11 in in NOUN Number=Sing 3 exclamation appos 12 for for ADP _ 14 damn case 13 « « PUNCT _ 14 damn punct 14 damn damn ADV _ 11 in nmod 15 » » PUNCT _ 11 in punct 16 . . PUNCT _ 3 exclamation punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 exclaim annoyance nom exclamation «communication transitive»: of=patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Example 1 Drat! I forgot my lunch.
Sentence 1: Drat!
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Drat drat VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 ! ! PUNCT _ 1 Drat punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 drat imperative you not said here tree rules
Sentence 2: I forgot my lunch.
nsubj nmod:poss obj punct root I PRON forgot VERB my PRON lunch NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 forgot nsubj 2 forgot forget VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 lunch nmod:poss 4 lunch lunch NOUN Number=Sing 2 forgot obj 5 . . PUNCT _ 2 forgot punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 forget past I my lunch tree rules
Example 2 Drat it, the pen's run out.
obj punct det nmod:poss case conj compound:prt punct root Drat VERB it PRON , PUNCT the DET pen NOUN 's PART run VERB out ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Drat drat VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 1 Drat obj 3 , , PUNCT _ 7 run punct 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 pen det 5 pen pen NOUN Number=Sing 7 run nmod:poss 6 's 's PART _ 5 pen case 7 run run VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 1 Drat conj 8 out out ADP _ 7 run compound:prt 9 . . PUNCT _ 1 Drat punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 drat imperative you not said here it tree rules 2 run out participle you not said here vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 3 «Drat that cat!» said the old lady.
punct ccomp det obj punct punct det amod nsubj punct root « PUNCT Drat VERB that DET cat NOUN ! PUNCT » PUNCT said VERB the DET old ADJ lady NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 Drat punct 2 Drat drat VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 said ccomp 3 that that DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 4 cat det 4 cat cat NOUN Number=Sing 2 Drat obj 5 ! ! PUNCT _ 2 Drat punct 6 » » PUNCT _ 2 Drat punct 7 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 lady det 9 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 10 lady amod 10 lady lady NOUN Number=Sing 7 said nsubj 11 . . PUNCT _ 7 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 drat in a quote infinitive that cat tree rules 2 say speech: express past the old lady vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
Example 4 Drat, it's raining again.
punct nsubj aux conj advmod punct root Drat VERB , PUNCT it PRON 's AUX raining VERB again ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Drat drat VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 , , PUNCT _ 5 raining punct 3 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 raining nsubj 4 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 raining aux 5 raining rain VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 1 Drat conj 6 again again ADV _ 5 raining advmod 7 . . PUNCT _ 1 Drat punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 drat imperative you not said here tree rules 2 rain present · progressive it again vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme»
Example 5 The cartoon villain cried, «Drat! Foiled again!»
Sentence 1: The cartoon villain cried, «Drat!
det compound nsubj punct punct obl punct root The DET cartoon NOUN villain NOUN cried VERB , PUNCT « PUNCT Drat NOUN ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 villain det 2 cartoon cartoon NOUN Number=Sing 3 villain compound 3 villain villain NOUN Number=Sing 4 cried nsubj 4 cried cry VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 , , PUNCT _ 7 Drat punct 6 « « PUNCT _ 7 Drat punct 7 Drat drat NOUN Number=Sing 4 cried obl 8 ! ! PUNCT _ 4 cried punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cry speech: express past the cartoon villain Drat vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Sentence 2: Foiled again!»
advmod punct punct root Foiled VERB again ADV ! PUNCT » PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Foiled foil VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 2 again again ADV _ 1 Foiled advmod 3 ! ! PUNCT _ 1 Foiled punct 4 » » PUNCT _ 1 Foiled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 foil participle again tree rules
Example 6 Drat, I've lost count.
punct nsubj aux ccomp obj punct root Drat VERB , PUNCT I PRON 've AUX lost VERB count NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Drat drat VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 , , PUNCT _ 1 Drat punct 3 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 5 lost nsubj 4 've have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 lost aux 5 lost lose VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 1 Drat ccomp 6 count count NOUN Number=Sing 5 lost obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 1 Drat punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 drat imperative you not said here tree rules 2 lose present · perfect I count vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent count=Eventuality
Example 7 "Drat thee!" yelled the witch-bodies, "thou 'st spoiled our spells this year agone!"
The tree, 14 words punct reparandum obl punct punct det compound punct obj punct punct nsubj punct nsubj conj nmod:poss obj det compound obj punct punct root " PUNCT Drat DET thee PRON ! PUNCT " PUNCT yelled VERB the DET witch NOUN - PUNCT bodies NOUN , PUNCT " PUNCT thou PRON ' PUNCT st PROPN spoiled VERB our PRON spells NOUN this DET year NOUN agone NOUN ! PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 6 yelled punct 2 Drat drat DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 thee reparandum 3 thee thou PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch 6 yelled obl 4 ! ! PUNCT _ 3 thee punct 5 " " PUNCT _ 3 thee punct 6 yelled yell VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 bodies det 8 witch witch NOUN Number=Sing 10 bodies compound 9 - - PUNCT _ 8 witch punct 10 bodies body NOUN Number=Plur 6 yelled obj 11 , , PUNCT _ 16 spoiled punct 12 " " PUNCT _ 16 spoiled punct 13 thou thou PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch 16 spoiled nsubj 14 ' ' PUNCT _ 13 thou punct 15 st St PROPN Number=Sing 16 spoiled nsubj 16 spoiled spoil VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 yelled conj 17 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 18 spells nmod:poss 18 spells spell NOUN Number=Plur 16 spoiled obj 19 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 21 agone det 20 year year NOUN Number=Sing 21 agone compound 21 agone agone NOUN Number=Sing 16 spoiled obj 22 ! ! PUNCT _ 6 yelled punct 23 " " PUNCT _ 6 yelled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 yell speech: express past the witch bodies thee vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 spoil in a quote past thou our spells tree rules 3 spell in a quote our nom spell «state transitive»: poss=agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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