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dual

Who acts: Having, dual, cube, cousin, book, Driving schools · What happens: have, use, be, mean, drive, become · To what, where: two parts, sides, citizen, matching partner shape, duals, dual citizenship

«dual» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: dual in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

Having two parts, uses or sides; double.

csubjnummodobjpunctccobjpunctobjpunctrootHavingVERBtwoNUMpartsNOUN,PUNCTusesVERBorCCONJsidesNOUN;PUNCTdoubleADJ.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1HavinghaveVERBVerbForm=Ger5 usescsubj
2twotwoNUMNumForm=Word NumType=Card3 partsnummod
3partspartNOUNNumber=Plur1 Havingobj
4,,PUNCT_5 usespunct
5usesuseVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Finrootroot
6ororCCONJ_7 sidescc
7sidessideNOUNNumber=Plur5 usesobj
8;;PUNCT_9 doublepunct
9doubledoubleADJDegree=Pos5 usesobj
10..PUNCT_5 usespunct
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1havegerundtwo partsvn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent part=Patient
2usepresentHavingsidestree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

dual nationality / dual citizenship: being a citizen of two countries at the same time.

The tree, 14 words
amodpunctamodconjpunctcopdetconjcasenummodnmodcasedetamodnmodpunctrootdualADJnationalityNOUN/PUNCTdualADJcitizenshipNOUN:PUNCTbeingAUXaDETcitizenNOUNofADPtwoNUMcountriesNOUNatADPtheDETsameADJtimeNOUN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1dualdualADJDegree=Pos2 nationalityamod
2nationalitynationalityNOUNNumber=Singrootroot
3//PUNCT_5 citizenshippunct
4dualdualADJDegree=Pos5 citizenshipamod
5citizenshipcitizenshipNOUNNumber=Sing2 nationalityconj
6::PUNCT_9 citizenpunct
7beingbeAUXTense=Pres VerbForm=Part9 citizencop
8aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art9 citizendet
9citizencitizenNOUNNumber=Sing2 nationalityconj
10ofofADP_12 countriescase
11twotwoNUMNumForm=Word NumType=Card12 countriesnummod
12countriescountryNOUNNumber=Plur9 citizennmod
13atatADP_16 timecase
14thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art16 timedet
15samesameADJDegree=Pos16 timeamod
16timetimeNOUNNumber=Sing9 citizennmod
17..PUNCT_2 nationalitypunct
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1is agerunda citizentimeof two countriestree rules

Meaning 3

Usage: maths — kept apart, not parsed.

In some topics, dual means a matching partner shape or idea (for example, a cube and an octahedron are duals).

The tree, 20 words
casedetoblpunctnsubjdetcompoundcompoundobjccconjpunctcasenmodpunctdetnsubjccdetconjcopparataxispunctpunctrootInADPsomeDETtopicsNOUN,PUNCTdualADJmeansVERBaDETmatchingNOUNpartnerNOUNshapeNOUNorCCONJideaNOUN(PUNCTforADPexampleNOUN,PUNCTaDETcubeNOUNandCCONJanDEToctahedronNOUNareAUXdualsNOUN)PUNCT.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1IninADP_3 topicscase
2somesomeDETPronType=Ind3 topicsdet
3topicstopicNOUNNumber=Plur6 meansobl
4,,PUNCT_3 topicspunct
5dualdualADJDegree=Pos6 meansnsubj
6meansmeanVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Finrootroot
7aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art10 shapedet
8matchingmatchingNOUNNumber=Sing10 shapecompound
9partnerpartnerNOUNNumber=Sing10 shapecompound
10shapeshapeNOUNNumber=Sing6 meansobj
11ororCCONJ_12 ideacc
12ideaideaNOUNNumber=Sing10 shapeconj
13((PUNCT_15 examplepunct
14forforADP_15 examplecase
15exampleexampleNOUNNumber=Sing12 ideanmod
16,,PUNCT_18 cubepunct
17aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art18 cubedet
18cubecubeNOUNNumber=Sing23 dualsnsubj
19andandCCONJ_21 octahedroncc
20anaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art21 octahedrondet
21octahedronoctahedronNOUNNumber=Sing18 cubeconj
22arebeAUXMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin23 dualscop
23dualsdualNOUNNumber=Plur10 shapeparataxis
24))PUNCT_23 dualspunct
25..PUNCT_6 meanspunct
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1meanpresentduala matching partner shape or idea for examplein some topicsvn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot shape=Theme in topic=Attribute
2is apresenta cube and a octahedrondualstree rules

Example 1

My cousin has dual citizenship: Irish and Australian.

nmod:possnsubjamodobjpunctamodccconjpunctrootMyPRONcousinNOUNhasVERBdualADJcitizenshipNOUN:PUNCTIrishADJandCCONJAustralianADJ.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1MymyPRONCase=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs2 cousinnmod:poss
2cousincousinNOUNNumber=Sing3 hasnsubj
3hashaveVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Finrootroot
4dualdualADJDegree=Pos5 citizenshipamod
5citizenshipcitizenshipNOUNNumber=Sing3 hasobj
6::PUNCT_7 Irishpunct
7IrishIrishADJDegree=Pos5 citizenshipamod
8andandCCONJ_9 Australiancc
9AustralianAustralianADJDegree=Pos7 Irishconj
10..PUNCT_3 haspunct
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1havepresentMy cousindual citizenshipvn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent citizenship=Patient

Example 2

This book is dual-language, English on one page and French on the other.

The tree, 14 words
detnsubjcopamodpunctpunctapposcasenummodnmodccnmodcasedetoblpunctrootThisDETbookNOUNisAUXdualADJ-PUNCTlanguageNOUN,PUNCTEnglishPROPNonADPoneNUMpageNOUNandCCONJFrenchPROPNonADPtheDETotherADJ.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1ThisthisDETNumber=Sing PronType=Dem2 bookdet
2bookbookNOUNNumber=Sing6 languagensubj
3isbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin6 languagecop
4dualdualADJDegree=Pos6 languageamod
5--PUNCT_4 dualpunct
6languagelanguageNOUNNumber=Singrootroot
7,,PUNCT_8 Englishpunct
8EnglishEnglishPROPNNumber=Sing6 languageappos
9ononADP_11 pagecase
10oneoneNUMNumForm=Word NumType=Card11 pagenummod
11pagepageNOUNNumber=Sing6 languagenmod
12andandCCONJ_13 Frenchcc
13FrenchFrenchPROPNNumber=Sing11 pagenmod
14ononADP_16 othercase
15thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art16 otherdet
16otherotherADJDegree=Pos13 Frenchobl
17..PUNCT_6 languagepunct
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1is apresentthis bookdual languageone page Frenchtree rules

Example 3

Driving schools use cars with dual controls.

amodnsubjobjcaseamodoblpunctrootDrivingVERBschoolsNOUNuseVERBcarsNOUNwithADPdualADJcontrolsNOUN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1DrivingdriveVERBVerbForm=Ger2 schoolsamod
2schoolsschoolNOUNNumber=Plur3 usensubj
3useuseVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Finrootroot
4carscarNOUNNumber=Plur3 useobj
5withwithADP_7 controlscase
6dualdualADJDegree=Pos7 controlsamod
7controlscontrolNOUNNumber=Plur3 useobl
8..PUNCT_3 usepunct
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1drivegerundvn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent
2usepresentDriving schoolscarswith dual controlsvn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent car=Patient

Example 4

The road becomes a dual carriageway after the roundabout.

detnsubjdetamodxcompcasedetnmodpunctrootTheDETroadNOUNbecomesVERBaDETdualADJcarriagewayNOUNafterADPtheDETroundaboutNOUN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1ThetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art2 roaddet
2roadroadNOUNNumber=Sing3 becomesnsubj
3becomesbecomeVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Finrootroot
4aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art6 carriagewaydet
5dualdualADJDegree=Pos6 carriagewayamod
6carriagewaycarriagewayNOUNNumber=Sing3 becomesxcomp
7afterafterADP_9 roundaboutcase
8thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art9 roundaboutdet
9roundaboutroundaboutNOUNNumber=Sing6 carriagewaynmod
10..PUNCT_3 becomespunct
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1becomepresentthe roada dual carriageway after the roundaboutvn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient

Example 5

This tool has a dual purpose: a torch and a whistle.

detnsubjdetamodobjpunctdetapposccdetconjpunctrootThisDETtoolNOUNhasVERBaDETdualADJpurposeNOUN:PUNCTaDETtorchNOUNandCCONJaDETwhistleNOUN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1ThisthisDETNumber=Sing PronType=Dem2 tooldet
2tooltoolNOUNNumber=Sing3 hasnsubj
3hashaveVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Finrootroot
4aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art6 purposedet
5dualdualADJDegree=Pos6 purposeamod
6purposepurposeNOUNNumber=Sing3 hasobj
7::PUNCT_9 torchpunct
8aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art9 torchdet
9torchtorchNOUNNumber=Sing6 purposeappos
10andandCCONJ_12 whistlecc
11aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art12 whistledet
12whistlewhistleNOUNNumber=Sing9 torchconj
13..PUNCT_3 haspunct
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1havepresentthis toola dual purposevn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent purpose=Patient

Example 6

The game has a dual-screen mode.

detnsubjdetamodpunctcompoundobjpunctrootTheDETgameNOUNhasVERBaDETdualADJ-PUNCTscreenNOUNmodeNOUN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1ThetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art2 gamedet
2gamegameNOUNNumber=Sing3 hasnsubj
3hashaveVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Finrootroot
4aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art8 modedet
5dualdualADJDegree=Pos7 screenamod
6--PUNCT_5 dualpunct
7screenscreenNOUNNumber=Sing8 modecompound
8modemodeNOUNNumber=Sing3 hasobj
9..PUNCT_3 haspunct
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1havepresentthe gamea screen modevn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mode=Patient

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/D/dual/