edict
Who acts: emperor, people, Edict, forest, Buddhist temples, flood · What happens: give, issue, pay, worship, belong, refuse · To what, where: rule, edict, Christians freedom, unfair edict, town square, Imperial Edict · Speech: someone speaks here
«edict» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: edict in the school dictionary.
Meaning 1
An official order or rule given by a king, emperor, government or other ruler.
The tree, 14 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | An | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 order | det |
| 2 | official | official | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 order | amod |
| 3 | order | order | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 5 rule | cc |
| 5 | rule | rule | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 order | conj |
| 6 | given | give | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 rule | acl |
| 7 | by | by | ADP | _ | 9 king | case |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 king | det |
| 9 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 given | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 emperor | punct |
| 11 | emperor | emperor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 king | conj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 government | punct |
| 13 | government | government | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 king | conj |
| 14 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 16 ruler | cc |
| 15 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 ruler | amod |
| 16 | ruler | ruler | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 king | conj |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 order | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | give | participle | rule not said here | by a king and emperor and government or other ruler | vn break_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2
Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.
Any strict order from someone in charge.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 3 order | det |
| 2 | strict | strict | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 order | amod |
| 3 | order | order | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | from | from | ADP | _ | 5 someone | case |
| 5 | someone | someone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 3 order | nmod |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 7 charge | case |
| 7 | charge | charge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 someone | nmod |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 order | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 1
The emperor issued an edict that all people must pay a new tax.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 emperor | det |
| 2 | emperor | emperor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 issued | nsubj |
| 3 | issued | issue | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 edict | det |
| 5 | edict | edict | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 issued | obj |
| 6 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 10 pay | obj |
| 7 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 8 people | det |
| 8 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 pay | nsubj |
| 9 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 10 pay | aux |
| 10 | pay | pay | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 edict | acl:relcl |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 tax | det |
| 12 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 tax | amod |
| 13 | tax | tax | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 pay | obj |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 issued | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | issue | past | the emperor | a edict | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location edict=Theme | ||||
| 2 | pay | must | all people | a edict | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent that=Recipient tax=Asset |
Example 2
The Edict of Milan in 313 gave Christians freedom to worship.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 Edict | det |
| 2 | Edict | Edict | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 gave | nsubj |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 4 Milan | case |
| 4 | Milan | Milan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 Edict | nmod |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 6 313 | case |
| 6 | 313 | 313 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 2 Edict | nmod |
| 7 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | Christians | Christian | PROPN | Number=Plur | 9 freedom | compound |
| 9 | freedom | freedom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 gave | obj |
| 10 | to | to | PART | _ | 11 worship | mark |
| 11 | worship | worship | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 freedom | acl |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 gave | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | give | past | the Edict of Milan in 313 | Christians freedom | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent freedom=Theme | ||||
| 2 | worship | to-infinitive | the Edict of Milan in 313 not said here | Christians freedom not said here | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer |
Example 3
By royal edict, the forest belonged to the king.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | By | by | ADP | _ | 3 edict | case |
| 2 | royal | royal | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 edict | amod |
| 3 | edict | edict | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 belonged | obl |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 edict | punct |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 forest | det |
| 6 | forest | forest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 belonged | nsubj |
| 7 | belonged | belong | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | to | to | ADP | _ | 10 king | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 king | det |
| 10 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 belonged | obl |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 belonged | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | belong | past | the forest | by royal edict; to the king | vn attend-107.4-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme |
Example 4
Mum's new edict: no phones at the table!
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Mum | mum | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 edict | nmod:poss |
| 2 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 1 Mum | case |
| 3 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 edict | amod |
| 4 | edict | edict | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 5 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 7 phones | punct |
| 6 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 7 phones | det |
| 7 | phones | phone | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 edict | appos |
| 8 | at | at | ADP | _ | 10 table | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 table | det |
| 10 | table | table | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 phones | nmod |
| 11 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 4 edict | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 5
The people refused to obey the unfair edict.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 people | det |
| 2 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 refused | nsubj |
| 3 | refused | refuse | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | PART | _ | 5 obey | mark |
| 5 | obey | obey | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 refused | xcomp |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 edict | det |
| 7 | unfair | unfair | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 edict | amod |
| 8 | edict | edict | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 obey | obj |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 refused | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | refuse | past | the people | vn reject-77.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 2 | not obey | to-infinitive | the people not said here | the unfair edict | vn abide_by-93.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent edict=Theme |
Example 6
The edict was read out in the town square.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 edict | det |
| 2 | edict | edict | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 read | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 read | aux:pass |
| 4 | read | read | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | out | out | ADP | _ | 4 read | compound:prt |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 9 square | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 square | det |
| 8 | town | town | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 square | compound |
| 9 | square | square | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 read | obl |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 read | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | read out | past · passive | the edict | the town square | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic |
Example 7
An Imperial Edict was sent forth to all the Buddhist temples commanding the priests to offer up continuous prayers to Heaven to stop the noise of the flood.
The tree, 28 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | An | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 Edict | det |
| 2 | Imperial | imperial | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 Edict | amod |
| 3 | Edict | edict | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 sent | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 sent | aux:pass |
| 5 | sent | send | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | forth | forth | ADV | _ | 5 sent | advmod |
| 7 | to | to | ADP | _ | 11 temples | case |
| 8 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 11 temples | det:predet |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 temples | det |
| 10 | Buddhist | buddhist | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 temples | amod |
| 11 | temples | temple | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 sent | obl |
| 12 | commanding | command | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 11 temples | acl |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 priests | det |
| 14 | priests | priest | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 commanding | obj |
| 15 | to | to | PART | _ | 16 offer | mark |
| 16 | offer | offer | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 commanding | advcl |
| 17 | up | up | ADP | _ | 16 offer | compound:prt |
| 18 | continuous | continuous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 prayers | amod |
| 19 | prayers | prayer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 offer | obj |
| 20 | to | to | ADP | _ | 21 Heaven | case |
| 21 | Heaven | Heaven | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 offer | obl |
| 22 | to | to | PART | _ | 23 stop | mark |
| 23 | stop | stop | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 16 offer | advcl |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 noise | det |
| 25 | noise | noise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 stop | obj |
| 26 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 flood | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 flood | det |
| 28 | flood | flood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 noise | nmod |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 sent | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | send | past · passive | a Imperial Edict | all Buddhist temples | forth property | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme to temple=Destination | |||
| 2 | command | gerund | all Buddhist temples not said here | the priests | vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.predicate»: agent=Agent priest=Eventuality | ||||
| 3 | offer up | to-infinitive | all Buddhist temples not said here | continuous prayers | Heaven | vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent prayer=Theme to heaven=Goal | |||
| 4 | stop | to-infinitive | all Buddhist temples not said here | the noise of the flood | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality noise=Eventuality | ||||
| 5 | noise | the flood | nom noise «event intransitive»: of=agent |
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/E/edict/