enamel

Who acts: teeth, something, Enamel, Sugary drinks, Fluoride toothpaste, Acid · What happens: protect, melt, type, mean, cover, be · To what, where: teeth, hard shiny coating, metal, glossy paint, it, hard white layer · Speech: someone speaks here

«enamel» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: enamel in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

The hard, white, shiny outer layer of your teeth that protects them.

The tree, 12 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 layer	det
2	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 layer	amod
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 white	punct
4	white	white	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 hard	conj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 hard	punct
6	shiny	shiny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 layer	amod
7	outer	outer	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 layer	amod
8	layer	layer	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
9	of	of	ADP	_	11 teeth	case
10	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 teeth	nmod:poss
11	teeth	tooth	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 layer	nmod
12	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	13 protects	nsubj
13	protects	protect	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 teeth	acl:relcl
14	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 protects	obj
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 layer	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	protect	present	your teeth	teeth = tooth					vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Beneficiary

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

A hard, shiny coating like glass, melted onto metal or pottery, like an enamel mug or a badge.

The tree, 18 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 coating	det
2	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 coating	amod
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 hard	punct
4	shiny	shiny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 coating	amod
5	coating	coating	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	like	like	ADP	_	7 glass	case
7	glass	glass	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 coating	nmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 melted	punct
9	melted	melt	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 coating	acl
10	onto	onto	ADP	_	11 metal	case
11	metal	metal	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 melted	obl
12	or	or	CCONJ	_	13 pottery	cc
13	pottery	pottery	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 metal	conj
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 mug	punct
15	like	like	ADP	_	18 mug	case
16	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 mug	det
17	enamel	enamel	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 mug	compound
18	mug	mug	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 metal	conj
19	or	or	CCONJ	_	21 badge	cc
20	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	21 badge	det
21	badge	badge	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 mug	conj
22	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 coating	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	melt	participle		a hard shiny coating like glass not said here		metal or pottery and a enamel mug or a badge			vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Meaning 3

A type of glossy paint.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 type	det
2	type	type	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 paint	case
4	glossy	glossy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 paint	amod
5	paint	paint	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 type	nmod
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 type	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	type			glossy paint					nom type «cognition transitive»: of=patient

Meaning 4

To enamel something means to cover it with a hard, shiny coating.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 enamel	mark
2	enamel	enamel	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 something	compound
3	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	4 means	nsubj
4	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	to	to	PART	_	6 cover	mark
6	cover	cover	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 means	ccomp
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 cover	obj
8	with	with	ADP	_	13 coating	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 coating	det
10	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 coating	amod
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 hard	punct
12	shiny	shiny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 coating	amod
13	coating	coating	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 cover	obl
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 means	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	present	something						vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	cover not said to happen	to-infinitive		it				with a hard shiny coating	vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent it=Destination with coating=Theme

Example 1

Enamel is the hard white layer on your teeth.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Enamel	enamel	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 layer	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 layer	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 layer	det
4	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 layer	amod
5	white	white	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 layer	amod
6	layer	layer	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	on	on	ADP	_	9 teeth	case
8	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 teeth	nmod:poss
9	teeth	tooth	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 layer	nmod
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 layer	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Enamel	the hard white layer		your teeth			tree rules

Example 2

Sugary drinks can damage your tooth enamel.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sugary	sugary	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 drinks	amod
2	drinks	drink	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 damage	nsubj
3	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 damage	aux
4	damage	damage	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 enamel	nmod:poss
6	tooth	tooth	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 enamel	compound
7	enamel	enamel	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 damage	obj
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 damage	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	damage	can	Sugary drinks	your tooth enamel					vn destroy-44 «NP.instrument V NP»: agent=Instrument enamel=Patient

Example 3

Fluoride toothpaste makes enamel stronger.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Fluoride	fluoride	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 toothpaste	compound
2	toothpaste	toothpaste	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 makes	nsubj
3	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	enamel	enamel	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 makes	obj
5	stronger	strong	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	3 makes	xcomp
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 makes	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present	Fluoride toothpaste	enamel				strong property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset enamel=Product

Example 4

Grandpa drinks tea from a chipped enamel mug.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Grandpa	grandpa	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 drinks	compound
2	drinks	drink	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 tea	compound
3	tea	tea	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	from	from	ADP	_	8 mug	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 mug	det
6	chipped	chip	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 mug	amod
7	enamel	enamel	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 mug	compound
8	mug	mug	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 tea	nmod
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 tea	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	chip	participle							vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Example 5

The badge was made of colourful enamel.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 badge	det
2	badge	badge	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 made	nsubj:pass
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 made	aux:pass
4	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 enamel	case
6	colourful	colourful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 enamel	amod
7	enamel	enamel	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 made	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 made	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	past · passive		the badge				of colourful enamel	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product

Example 6

Enamel is the hardest part of the human body.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Enamel	enamel	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 part	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 part	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 part	det
4	hardest	hard	ADJ	Degree=Sup	5 part	amod
5	part	part	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	of	of	ADP	_	9 body	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 body	det
8	human	human	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 body	amod
9	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 part	nmod
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 part	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Enamel	the hardest part				of the human body	tree rules

Example 7

Acid from cola can soften enamel.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Acid	acid	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 soften	nsubj
2	from	from	ADP	_	3 cola	case
3	cola	cola	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Acid	nmod
4	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 soften	aux
5	soften	soften	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	enamel	enamel	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 soften	obj
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 soften	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	soften	can	Acid from cola	enamel					vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent enamel=Patient

Example 8

Once enamel is gone, it doesn't grow back.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Once	once	SCONJ	_	4 gone	mark
2	enamel	enamel	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 gone	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 gone	cop
4	gone	gone	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 grow	advcl
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 gone	punct
6	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 grow	nsubj
7	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 grow	aux
8	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	9 grow	advmod
9	grow	grow	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
10	back	back	ADV	_	9 grow	advmod
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 grow	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	enamel					gone property	tree rules
2	not grow back	present · do-support	enamel						vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Example 9

‘We will try it,’ said Manawyddan, and they began to make shields, and fashioned them after the shape of the shields they had seen; and these likewise they enamelled.

The tree, 29 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	‘	'	PUNCT	_	4 try	punct
2	We	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	4 try	nsubj
3	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 try	aux
4	try	try	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 said	ccomp
5	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 try	obj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 try	punct
7	’	'	PUNCT	_	4 try	punct
8	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	Manawyddan	Manawyddan	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 said	nsubj
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 began	punct
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 began	cc
12	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 began	nsubj
13	began	begin	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 said	parataxis
14	to	to	PART	_	15 make	mark
15	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	13 began	xcomp
16	shields	shield	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 make	obj
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 fashioned	punct
18	and	and	CCONJ	_	19 fashioned	cc
19	fashioned	fashioned	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 began	obl
20	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 fashioned	nsubj
21	after	after	ADP	_	23 shape	case
22	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 shape	det
23	shape	shape	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 began	obl
24	of	of	ADP	_	26 shields	case
25	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	26 shields	det
26	shields	shield	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 shape	nmod
27	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	29 seen	nsubj
28	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	29 seen	aux
29	seen	see	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	26 shields	acl:relcl
30	;	;	PUNCT	_	35 enamelled	punct
31	and	and	CCONJ	_	35 enamelled	cc
32	these	this	PRON	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	35 enamelled	nsubj
33	likewise	likewise	ADV	_	35 enamelled	advmod
34	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	35 enamelled	nsubj
35	enamelled	enamell	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 said	conj
36	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 said	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	try	future	We	it			vn try-61.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality
2	say speech: assert	past	Manawyddan				vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	begin	past	they	fashioned	after the shape of the shields		vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
4	make	to-infinitive	they not said here	shields			vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset shield=Product
5	see	past · perfect	shields = shield	the shields not said here			vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer shield=Stimulus
6	enamell	past	these			likewise property	tree rules

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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