ethylene Who acts: Ethylene, plants, fruit, Ripe bananas, you, avocado · What happens: be, make, ripen, use, give off, put · To what, where: colourless gas, Ethylene, fruit, important chemical, factories, plastics
«ethylene» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: ethylene in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Ethylene is a colourless gas made of carbon and hydrogen; plants make it naturally, and it makes fruit ripen.
The tree, 19 words nsubj cop det amod acl case obl cc conj punct nsubj parataxis obj advmod punct cc nsubj conj obj xcomp punct root Ethylene NOUN is AUX a DET colourless ADJ gas NOUN made VERB of ADP carbon NOUN and CCONJ hydrogen NOUN ; PUNCT plants NOUN make VERB it PRON naturally ADV , PUNCT and CCONJ it PRON makes VERB fruit NOUN ripen VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Ethylene ethylene NOUN Number=Sing 5 gas nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 gas cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 gas det 4 colourless colourless ADJ Degree=Pos 5 gas amod 5 gas gas NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 gas acl 7 of of ADP _ 8 carbon case 8 carbon carbon NOUN Number=Sing 6 made obl 9 and and CCONJ _ 10 hydrogen cc 10 hydrogen hydrogen NOUN Number=Sing 8 carbon conj 11 ; ; PUNCT _ 13 make punct 12 plants plant NOUN Number=Plur 13 make nsubj 13 make make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 gas parataxis 14 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 13 make obj 15 naturally naturally ADV _ 13 make advmod 16 , , PUNCT _ 19 makes punct 17 and and CCONJ _ 19 makes cc 18 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 19 makes nsubj 19 makes make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 make conj 20 fruit fruit NOUN Number=Sing 19 makes obj 21 ripen ripen VERB VerbForm=Inf 19 makes xcomp 22 . . PUNCT _ 5 gas punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Ethylene a colourless gas tree rules 2 make participle a colourless gas not said here of carbon and hydrogen vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset 3 make present plants Ethylene naturally property vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product 4 make present Ethylene fruit tree rules 5 ripen infinitive fruit not said here vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Ethylene is an important chemical used in factories to make plastics such as polythene (polyethylene).
The tree, 15 words nsubj cop det amod acl case obl mark advcl obj case fixed nmod punct appos punct punct root Ethylene NOUN is AUX an DET important ADJ chemical NOUN used VERB in ADP factories NOUN to PART make VERB plastics NOUN such ADJ as ADP polythene NOUN ( PUNCT polyethylene NOUN ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Ethylene ethylene NOUN Number=Sing 5 chemical nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 chemical cop 3 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 chemical det 4 important important ADJ Degree=Pos 5 chemical amod 5 chemical chemical NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 chemical acl 7 in in ADP _ 8 factories case 8 factories factory NOUN Number=Plur 6 used obl 9 to to PART _ 10 make mark 10 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 used advcl 11 plastics plastic NOUN Number=Plur 10 make obj 12 such such ADJ Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP 14 polythene case 13 as as ADP _ 12 such fixed 14 polythene polythene NOUN Number=Sing 11 plastics nmod 15 ( ( PUNCT _ 16 polyethylene punct 16 polyethylene polyethylene NOUN Number=Sing 14 polythene appos 17 ) ) PUNCT _ 16 polyethylene punct 18 . . PUNCT _ 5 chemical punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Ethylene a important chemical tree rules 2 use participle a important chemical not said here factories vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 make to-infinitive plastics such polythene vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset plastic=Product
Example 1 Ripe bananas give off ethylene gas.
amod nsubj compound:prt compound obj punct root Ripe ADJ bananas NOUN give VERB off ADP ethylene NOUN gas NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Ripe ripe ADJ Degree=Pos 2 bananas amod 2 bananas banana NOUN Number=Plur 3 give nsubj 3 give give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 off off ADP _ 3 give compound:prt 5 ethylene ethylene NOUN Number=Sing 6 gas compound 6 gas gas NOUN Number=Sing 3 give obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 give punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give off present Ripe bananas ethylene gas vn substance_emission-43.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Source gas=Theme
Example 2 Put an avocado in a bag with a banana to help it ripen.
det obj case det obl case det obl mark advcl obj xcomp punct root Put VERB an DET avocado NOUN in ADP a DET bag NOUN with ADP a DET banana NOUN to PART help VERB it PRON ripen VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Put put VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 avocado det 3 avocado avocado NOUN Number=Sing 1 Put obj 4 in in ADP _ 6 bag case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 bag det 6 bag bag NOUN Number=Sing 1 Put obl 7 with with ADP _ 9 banana case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 banana det 9 banana banana NOUN Number=Sing 1 Put obl 10 to to PART _ 11 help mark 11 help help VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Put advcl 12 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 help obj 13 ripen ripen VERB VerbForm=Inf 11 help xcomp 14 . . PUNCT _ 1 Put punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 put imperative you not said here a avocado a bag with a banana vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent avocado=Theme in bag=Destination 2 help to-infinitive you not said here avocado vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent it=Beneficiary clause=Theme 3 ripen infinitive avocado not said here vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Example 3 Ethylene makes fruit go soft and sweet.
nsubj obj xcomp xcomp cc conj punct root Ethylene NOUN makes VERB fruit NOUN go VERB soft ADJ and CCONJ sweet ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Ethylene ethylene NOUN Number=Sing 2 makes nsubj 2 makes make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 fruit fruit NOUN Number=Sing 2 makes obj 4 go go VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 makes xcomp 5 soft soft ADJ Degree=Pos 4 go xcomp 6 and and CCONJ _ 7 sweet cc 7 sweet sweet ADJ Degree=Pos 5 soft conj 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 makes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make present Ethylene fruit tree rules 2 go infinitive fruit not said here soft property vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 4 Plastic bags are made from ethylene.
compound nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl punct root Plastic NOUN bags NOUN are AUX made VERB from ADP ethylene NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Plastic plastic NOUN Number=Sing 2 bags compound 2 bags bag NOUN Number=Plur 4 made nsubj:pass 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 made aux:pass 4 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 from from ADP _ 6 ethylene case 6 ethylene ethylene NOUN Number=Sing 4 made obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make present · passive Plastic bags ethylene vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: subject=Product from ethylene=Material
Example 5 One rotten apple gives off ethylene and spoils the others.
nummod amod nsubj compound:prt obj cc conj det obj punct root One NUM rotten ADJ apple NOUN gives VERB off ADP ethylene NOUN and CCONJ spoils VERB the DET others NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 One one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 3 apple nummod 2 rotten rotten ADJ Degree=Pos 3 apple amod 3 apple apple NOUN Number=Sing 4 gives nsubj 4 gives give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 off off ADP _ 4 gives compound:prt 6 ethylene ethylene NOUN Number=Sing 4 gives obj 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 spoils cc 8 spoils spoil VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 gives conj 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 others det 10 others other NOUN Number=Plur 8 spoils obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 gives punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give off present One rotten apple ethylene vn substance_emission-43.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Source ethylene=Theme 2 spoil present One rotten apple not said here the others tree rules
Example 6 Fruit is shipped cold to slow down ethylene.
nsubj:pass aux:pass xcomp mark advcl compound:prt obj punct root Fruit NOUN is AUX shipped VERB cold ADJ to PART slow VERB down ADP ethylene NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Fruit fruit NOUN Number=Sing 3 shipped nsubj:pass 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 shipped aux:pass 3 shipped ship VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 cold cold ADJ Degree=Pos 3 shipped xcomp 5 to to PART _ 6 slow mark 6 slow slow VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 shipped advcl 7 down down ADP _ 6 slow compound:prt 8 ethylene ethylene NOUN Number=Sing 6 slow obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 shipped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ship present · passive Fruit cold property vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme 2 slow down to-infinitive ethylene vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent ethylene=Patient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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