evolve Who acts: living things, whales, plan, character, Birds, Darwin · What happens: evolve, mean, change, adapt, develop, explain · To what, where: surroundings, something, games, millions, more food, small idea · Speech: someone speaks here
«evolve» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: evolve in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To evolve means to change slowly, over a very long time and many generations, as living things adapt to their surroundings: «whales evolved from land animals».
The tree, 26 words mark csubj mark xcomp advmod punct case det advmod amod obl:unmarked cc amod conj punct mark amod nsubj advcl case nmod:poss obl punct punct nsubj parataxis case compound obl punct punct root To PART evolve VERB means VERB to PART change VERB slowly ADV , PUNCT over ADP a DET very ADV long ADJ time NOUN and CCONJ many ADJ generations NOUN , PUNCT as SCONJ living ADJ things NOUN adapt VERB to ADP their PRON surroundings NOUN : PUNCT « PUNCT whales NOUN evolved VERB from ADP land NOUN animals NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 evolve mark 2 evolve evolve VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 means csubj 3 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 to to PART _ 5 change mark 5 change change VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 means xcomp 6 slowly slowly ADV _ 5 change advmod 7 , , PUNCT _ 12 time punct 8 over over ADP _ 12 time case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 time det 10 very very ADV _ 11 long advmod 11 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 12 time amod 12 time time NOUN Number=Sing 5 change obl:unmarked 13 and and CCONJ _ 15 generations cc 14 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 15 generations amod 15 generations generation NOUN Number=Plur 12 time conj 16 , , PUNCT _ 20 adapt punct 17 as as SCONJ _ 20 adapt mark 18 living living ADJ Degree=Pos 19 things amod 19 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 20 adapt nsubj 20 adapt adapt VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 change advcl 21 to to ADP _ 23 surroundings case 22 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 23 surroundings nmod:poss 23 surroundings surroundings NOUN Number=Ptan 20 adapt obl 24 : : PUNCT _ 27 evolved punct 25 « « PUNCT _ 27 evolved punct 26 whales whale NOUN Number=Plur 27 evolved nsubj 27 evolved evolve VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 means parataxis 28 from from ADP _ 30 animals case 29 land land NOUN Number=Sing 30 animals compound 30 animals animal NOUN Number=Plur 27 evolved obl 31 » » PUNCT _ 27 evolved punct 32 . . PUNCT _ 3 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 evolve to-infinitive vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 change not said to happen to-infinitive time slowly property vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 4 adapt present living things to things's surroundings goal vn adjust-26.9 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent to surroundings=Goal 5 evolve in a quote past whales from land animals vn grow-26.2.1 «NP V NP.product PP.patient»: agent=Agent from animal=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To evolve also means to develop or change gradually into something more complex or better: «the plan evolved over time».
The tree, 20 words mark csubj advmod mark xcomp cc conj advmod case obl amod amod cc conj punct punct det nsubj parataxis case obl punct punct root To PART evolve VERB also ADV means VERB to PART develop VERB or CCONJ change VERB gradually ADV into ADP something PRON more ADJ complex ADJ or CCONJ better ADJ : PUNCT « PUNCT the DET plan NOUN evolved VERB over ADP time NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 evolve mark 2 evolve evolve VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 means csubj 3 also also ADV _ 2 evolve advmod 4 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 to to PART _ 6 develop mark 6 develop develop VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 means xcomp 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 change cc 8 change change VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 develop conj 9 gradually gradually ADV _ 8 change advmod 10 into into ADP _ 11 something case 11 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 8 change obl 12 more more ADJ Degree=Cmp 13 complex amod 13 complex complex ADJ Degree=Pos 11 something amod 14 or or CCONJ _ 15 better cc 15 better good ADJ Degree=Cmp 13 complex conj 16 : : PUNCT _ 20 evolved punct 17 « « PUNCT _ 20 evolved punct 18 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 19 plan det 19 plan plan NOUN Number=Sing 20 evolved nsubj 20 evolved evolve VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 means parataxis 21 over over ADP _ 22 time case 22 time time NOUN Number=Sing 20 evolved obl 23 » » PUNCT _ 20 evolved punct 24 . . PUNCT _ 4 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 evolve to-infinitive vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 develop not said to happen to-infinitive vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 4 change infinitive into something result ; gradually property vn turn-26.6.1-1 «NP.patient V PP.result»: agent=Patient into something=Result 5 evolve in a quote past the plan time vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Meaning 3 Usage: games — kept apart, not parsed.
In some games, a character evolves into a new, stronger form.
case det obl punct det nsubj case det amod punct amod obl punct root In ADP some DET games NOUN , PUNCT a DET character NOUN evolves VERB into ADP a DET new ADJ , PUNCT stronger ADJ form NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 games case 2 some some DET PronType=Ind 3 games det 3 games game NOUN Number=Plur 7 evolves obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 games punct 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 character det 6 character character NOUN Number=Sing 7 evolves nsubj 7 evolves evolve VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 8 into into ADP _ 13 form case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 form det 10 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 13 form amod 11 , , PUNCT _ 13 form punct 12 stronger strong ADJ Degree=Cmp 13 form amod 13 form form NOUN Number=Sing 7 evolves obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 7 evolves punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 evolve present a character some games into a new stronger form vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in game=Location
Example 1 Birds evolved from dinosaurs.
nsubj case obl punct root Birds NOUN evolved VERB from ADP dinosaurs NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Birds bird NOUN Number=Plur 2 evolved nsubj 2 evolved evolve VERB Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 from from ADP _ 4 dinosaurs case 4 dinosaurs dinosaur NOUN Number=Plur 2 evolved obl 5 . . PUNCT _ 2 evolved punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 evolve past Birds from dinosaurs vn grow-26.2.1 «NP V NP.product PP.patient»: agent=Agent from dinosaur=Patient
Example 2 Living things evolve over millions of years.
amod nsubj case obl case nmod punct root Living ADJ things NOUN evolve VERB over ADP millions NOUN of ADP years NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Living living ADJ Degree=Pos 2 things amod 2 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 3 evolve nsubj 3 evolve evolve VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 over over ADP _ 5 millions case 5 millions million NOUN Number=Plur 3 evolve obl 6 of of ADP _ 7 years case 7 years year NOUN Number=Plur 5 millions nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 evolve punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 evolve present Living things millions of years vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over million=Location
Example 3 Darwin explained how animals evolve by natural selection.
nsubj advmod nsubj ccomp case amod obl punct root Darwin PROPN explained VERB how ADV animals NOUN evolve VERB by ADP natural ADJ selection NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Darwin Darwin PROPN Number=Sing 2 explained nsubj 2 explained explain VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 how how ADV PronType=Int 5 evolve advmod 4 animals animal NOUN Number=Plur 5 evolve nsubj 5 evolve evolve VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 explained ccomp 6 by by ADP _ 8 selection case 7 natural natural ADJ Degree=Pos 8 selection amod 8 selection selection NOUN Number=Sing 5 evolve obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 explained punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 explain speech: assert past Darwin vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 evolve present animals by natural selection vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by selection=Location
Example 4 Giraffes with longer necks could reach more food, so the species evolved.
nsubj case amod nmod aux amod obj punct advmod det nsubj advcl punct root Giraffes NOUN with ADP longer ADJ necks NOUN could AUX reach VERB more ADJ food NOUN , PUNCT so ADV the DET species NOUN evolved VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Giraffes giraffe NOUN Number=Plur 6 reach nsubj 2 with with ADP _ 4 necks case 3 longer long ADJ Degree=Cmp 4 necks amod 4 necks neck NOUN Number=Plur 1 Giraffes nmod 5 could could AUX VerbForm=Fin 6 reach aux 6 reach reach VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 7 more more ADJ Degree=Cmp 8 food amod 8 food food NOUN Number=Sing 6 reach obj 9 , , PUNCT _ 13 evolved punct 10 so so ADV _ 13 evolved advmod 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 species det 12 species species NOUN Number=Plur 13 evolved nsubj 13 evolved evolve VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 reach advcl 14 . . PUNCT _ 6 reach punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 reach could Giraffes with longer necks more food vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent food=Theme 2 evolve past the species vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 5 The English language keeps evolving.
det amod nsubj xcomp punct root The DET English ADJ language NOUN keeps VERB evolving VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 language det 2 English English ADJ Degree=Pos 3 language amod 3 language language NOUN Number=Sing 4 keeps nsubj 4 keeps keep VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 evolving evolve VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 keeps xcomp 6 . . PUNCT _ 4 keeps punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 keep present the English language tree rules 2 evolve gerund the English language not said here vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 6 Our project evolved from a small idea into a big show.
nmod:poss nsubj case det amod obl case det amod obl punct root Our PRON project NOUN evolved VERB from ADP a DET small ADJ idea NOUN into ADP a DET big ADJ show NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 project nmod:poss 2 project project NOUN Number=Sing 3 evolved nsubj 3 evolved evolve VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 from from ADP _ 7 idea case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 idea det 6 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 7 idea amod 7 idea idea NOUN Number=Sing 3 evolved obl 8 into into ADP _ 11 show case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 show det 10 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 11 show amod 11 show show NOUN Number=Sing 3 evolved obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 evolved punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 evolve past Our project a small idea into a big show vn grow-26.2.1 «NP.patient V PP.product»: agent=Patient into show=Product 2 project Our nom project «act transitive»: poss=agent
Example 7 My game character evolved into a dragon.
nmod:poss compound nsubj case det obl punct root My PRON game NOUN character NOUN evolved VERB into ADP a DET dragon NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 character nmod:poss 2 game game NOUN Number=Sing 3 character compound 3 character character NOUN Number=Sing 4 evolved nsubj 4 evolved evolve VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 into into ADP _ 7 dragon case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 dragon det 7 dragon dragon NOUN Number=Sing 4 evolved obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 evolved punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 evolve past My game character into a dragon vn grow-26.2.1 «NP.patient V PP.product»: agent=Patient into dragon=Product
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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