fail Who acts: you, brakes, he, 25 pupils, his, 4 · What happens: fail, mean, not do, try, want, do · To what, where: test, you, 3, 2, many, seeds · Speech: someone speaks here
«fail» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: fail in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To fail means not to do what you tried or wanted to do.
mark csubj advmod mark ccomp obj nsubj advcl cc conj mark xcomp punct root To PART fail VERB means VERB not PART to PART do VERB what PRON you PRON tried VERB or CCONJ wanted VERB to PART do VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 fail mark 2 fail fail VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 means csubj 3 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 not not PART Polarity=Neg 6 do advmod 5 to to PART _ 6 do mark 6 do do VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 means ccomp 7 what what PRON PronType=Int 9 tried obj 8 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 9 tried nsubj 9 tried try VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 do advcl 10 or or CCONJ _ 11 wanted cc 11 wanted want VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 9 tried conj 12 to to PART _ 13 do mark 13 do do VERB VerbForm=Inf 11 wanted xcomp 14 . . PUNCT _ 3 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fail to-infinitive vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 not do not said to happen to-infinitive vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 4 try past you vn try-61.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality 5 want past you not said here vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme 6 do not said to happen to-infinitive you not said here vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To fail a test is not to pass it.
mark advcl det obj cop advmod mark obj punct root To PART fail VERB a DET test NOUN is AUX not PART to PART pass VERB it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 fail mark 2 fail fail VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 pass advcl 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 test det 4 test test NOUN Number=Sing 2 fail obj 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 pass cop 6 not not PART Polarity=Neg 8 pass advmod 7 to to PART _ 8 pass mark 8 pass pass VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 9 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 pass obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 8 pass punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fail to-infinitive a test vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent test=Eventuality 2 not is present pass property tree rules
Meaning 3 To fail means to stop working or to break down: the brakes failed.
The tree, 13 words mark csubj mark ccomp xcomp cc mark conj compound:prt punct det nsubj conj punct root To PART fail VERB means VERB to PART stop VERB working VERB or CCONJ to PART break VERB down ADP : PUNCT the DET brakes NOUN failed VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 fail mark 2 fail fail VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 means csubj 3 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 to to PART _ 5 stop mark 5 stop stop VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 means ccomp 6 working work VERB VerbForm=Ger 5 stop xcomp 7 or or CCONJ _ 9 break cc 8 to to PART _ 9 break mark 9 break break VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 stop conj 10 down down ADP _ 9 break compound:prt 11 : : PUNCT _ 14 failed punct 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 brakes det 13 brakes brake NOUN Number=Plur 14 failed nsubj 14 failed fail VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 means conj 15 . . PUNCT _ 3 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fail to-infinitive vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 stop not said to happen to-infinitive vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality 4 work gerund vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent 5 break down to-infinitive vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 6 fail past the brakes vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Meaning 4 Never fail to means always: he never fails to say thank you.
advmod mark ccomp advmod punct nsubj advmod conj mark xcomp ccomp obj punct root Never ADV fail VERB to PART means VERB always ADV : PUNCT he PRON never ADV fails VERB to PART say VERB thank VERB you PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Never never ADV PronType=Neg 2 fail advmod 2 fail fail VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 to to PART _ 4 means mark 4 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 fail ccomp 5 always always ADV PronType=Tot 4 means advmod 6 : : PUNCT _ 9 fails punct 7 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 fails nsubj 8 never never ADV PronType=Neg 9 fails advmod 9 fails fail VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 fail conj 10 to to PART _ 11 say mark 11 say say VERB VerbForm=Inf 9 fails xcomp 12 thank thank VERB VerbForm=Inf 11 say ccomp 13 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 12 thank obj 14 . . PUNCT _ 2 fail punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not fail imperative you not said here vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality 2 mean present you not said here always property vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent 3 not fail present he vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality 4 say speech: assert to-infinitive he not said here vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 5 thank speech: thank infinitive you vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme
Example 1 3 of the 25 pupils failed the test.
obl case det nummod nsubj det obj punct root 3 NUM of ADP the DET 25 NUM pupils NOUN failed VERB the DET test NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 failed obl 2 of of ADP _ 5 pupils case 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 pupils det 4 25 25 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 pupils nummod 5 pupils pupil NOUN Number=Plur 6 failed nsubj 6 failed fail VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 test det 8 test test NOUN Number=Sing 6 failed obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 failed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fail past the 25 pupils 3 vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent test=Eventuality
Example 2 He failed 2 of his 10 tries.
nsubj obj case nmod:poss nummod nmod punct root He PRON failed VERB 2 NUM of ADP his PRON 10 NUM tries NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 failed nsubj 2 failed fail VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 2 2 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 2 failed obj 4 of of ADP _ 7 tries case 5 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 tries nmod:poss 6 10 10 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 7 tries nummod 7 tries try NOUN Number=Plur 3 2 nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 failed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fail past He 2 of his 10 tries vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 2=Eventuality 2 try his = he nom try «act transitive»: poss=agent
Example 3 How many passed if 4 failed?
advmod nsubj:pass mark nsubj xcomp punct root How ADV many ADJ passed VERB if SCONJ 4 NUM failed VERB ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 How how ADV PronType=Int 2 many advmod 2 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 3 passed nsubj:pass 3 passed pass VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 if if SCONJ _ 6 failed mark 5 4 4 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 failed nsubj 6 failed fail VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 passed xcomp 7 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 passed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pass participle · passive many tree rules 2 fail a condition, not said to happen participle 4 vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 4 The seeds that fail to grow are thrown away.
det nsubj:pass nsubj acl:relcl mark xcomp aux:pass advmod punct root The DET seeds NOUN that PRON fail VERB to PART grow VERB are AUX thrown VERB away ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 seeds det 2 seeds seed NOUN Number=Plur 8 thrown nsubj:pass 3 that that PRON PronType=Rel 4 fail nsubj 4 fail fail VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 seeds acl:relcl 5 to to PART _ 6 grow mark 6 grow grow VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 fail xcomp 7 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 thrown aux:pass 8 thrown throw VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 9 away away ADV _ 8 thrown advmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 8 thrown punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fail present the seeds vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality 2 not grow to-infinitive the seeds not said here vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 3 throw away present · passive the seeds away property vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
Example 5 The lights failed during the storm.
det nsubj case det obl punct root The DET lights NOUN failed VERB during ADP the DET storm NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 lights det 2 lights light NOUN Number=Plur 3 failed nsubj 3 failed fail VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 during during ADP _ 6 storm case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 storm det 6 storm storm NOUN Number=Sing 3 failed obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 failed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fail past the lights during the storm vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 6 If you fail at first, try again.
mark nsubj advcl case obl punct advmod punct root If SCONJ you PRON fail VERB at ADP first ADV , PUNCT try VERB again ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 If if SCONJ _ 3 fail mark 2 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 3 fail nsubj 3 fail fail VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 try advcl 4 at at ADP _ 5 first case 5 first first ADV NumForm=Word NumType=Ord 3 fail obl 6 , , PUNCT _ 3 fail punct 7 try try VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 8 again again ADV _ 7 try advmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 7 try punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fail a condition, not said to happen present you vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V PP.eventuality S_ING»: agent=Agent at first=Eventuality 2 try imperative you not said here again vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
Example 7 He goes swimming every Saturday without fail.
nsubj xcomp det obl:unmarked case obl punct root He PRON goes VERB swimming VERB every DET Saturday PROPN without ADP fail NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 goes nsubj 2 goes go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 swimming swim VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 goes xcomp 4 every every DET PronType=Tot 5 Saturday det 5 Saturday Saturday PROPN Number=Sing 3 swimming obl:unmarked 6 without without ADP _ 7 fail case 7 fail fail NOUN Number=Sing 3 swimming obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 goes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 go present He vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 swim gerund He not said here saturday without fail vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 8 Her plan to surprise Mum failed when Mum came home early.
nmod:poss nsubj mark nsubj ccomp advmod nsubj advcl advmod advmod punct root Her PRON plan NOUN to PART surprise VERB Mum PROPN failed VERB when ADV Mum NOUN came VERB home ADV early ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 plan nmod:poss 2 plan plan NOUN Number=Sing 4 surprise nsubj 3 to to PART _ 4 surprise mark 4 surprise surprise VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 Mum Mum PROPN Number=Sing 6 failed nsubj 6 failed fail VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 surprise ccomp 7 when when ADV PronType=Int 9 came advmod 8 Mum mum NOUN Number=Sing 9 came nsubj 9 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 failed advcl 10 home home ADV _ 9 came advmod 11 early early ADV Degree=Pos 9 came advmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 4 surprise punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 surprise to-infinitive Her plan tree rules 2 fail past Mum vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 come past Mum early, home property vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 4 plan Her = she nom plan «cognition transitive»: poss=agent
Example 9 So the Third Knight failed also.
advmod det amod nsubj advmod punct root So ADV the DET Third ADJ Knight PROPN failed VERB also ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 So so ADV _ 5 failed advmod 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 Knight det 3 Third third ADJ Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord 4 Knight amod 4 Knight Knight PROPN Number=Sing 5 failed nsubj 5 failed fail VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 also also ADV _ 5 failed advmod 7 . . PUNCT _ 5 failed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fail past the Third Knight vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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