faint Who acts: brain, you, I, faint sound, He, faint smell · What happens: see, hear, smell, become, fall down, not get · To what, where: faint sound, enough blood, faintest idea, all, cupboard, faint lines
«faint» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: faint in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Not strong or clear; hard to see, hear or smell (a faint sound, a faint line).
The tree, 16 words advmod cc conj punct conj mark xcomp punct conj cc conj punct det amod obj punct det amod conj punct punct root Not PART strong ADJ or CCONJ clear ADJ ; PUNCT hard ADJ to PART see VERB , PUNCT hear VERB or CCONJ smell VERB ( PUNCT a DET faint ADJ sound NOUN , PUNCT a DET faint ADJ line NOUN ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Not not PART Polarity=Neg 2 strong advmod 2 strong strong ADJ Degree=Pos root root 3 or or CCONJ _ 4 clear cc 4 clear clear ADJ Degree=Pos 2 strong conj 5 ; ; PUNCT _ 6 hard punct 6 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 2 strong conj 7 to to PART _ 8 see mark 8 see see VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 hard xcomp 9 , , PUNCT _ 10 hear punct 10 hear hear VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 see conj 11 or or CCONJ _ 12 smell cc 12 smell smell VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 see conj 13 ( ( PUNCT _ 16 sound punct 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 16 sound det 15 faint faint ADJ Degree=Pos 16 sound amod 16 sound sound NOUN Number=Sing 12 smell obj 17 , , PUNCT _ 20 line punct 18 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 20 line det 19 faint faint ADJ Degree=Pos 20 line amod 20 line line NOUN Number=Sing 16 sound conj 21 ) ) PUNCT _ 16 sound punct 22 . . PUNCT _ 2 strong punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 see to-infinitive vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer 2 hear infinitive vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer 3 smell infinitive a faint sound and a faint line vn see-30.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer sound=Stimulus
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To suddenly become unconscious for a short time and fall down, often because the brain does not get enough blood.
The tree, 20 words mark advmod xcomp case det amod obl cc conj compound:prt punct advmod mark det nsubj aux advmod conj amod obj punct root To PART suddenly ADV become VERB unconscious ADJ for ADP a DET short ADJ time NOUN and CCONJ fall VERB down ADP , PUNCT often ADV because SCONJ the DET brain NOUN does AUX not PART get VERB enough ADJ blood NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 3 become mark 2 suddenly suddenly ADV _ 3 become advmod 3 become become VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 4 unconscious unconscious ADJ Degree=Pos 3 become xcomp 5 for for ADP _ 8 time case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 time det 7 short short ADJ Degree=Pos 8 time amod 8 time time NOUN Number=Sing 3 become obl 9 and and CCONJ _ 10 fall cc 10 fall fall VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 3 become conj 11 down down ADP _ 10 fall compound:prt 12 , , PUNCT _ 19 get punct 13 often often ADV _ 19 get advmod 14 because because SCONJ _ 19 get mark 15 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 16 brain det 16 brain brain NOUN Number=Sing 19 get nsubj 17 does do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 19 get aux 18 not not PART Polarity=Neg 19 get advmod 19 get get VERB VerbForm=Inf 10 fall conj 20 enough enough ADJ Degree=Pos 21 blood amod 21 blood blood NOUN Number=Sing 19 get obj 22 . . PUNCT _ 10 fall punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 become to-infinitive time suddenly, unconscious property vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient 2 fall down infinitive vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme 3 not get present · do-support the brain enough blood often property vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer blood=Stimulus
Meaning 3 Feeling weak and dizzy, as if you might fall (I feel faint).
The tree, 12 words advcl xcomp cc conj punct mark mark nsubj aux punct nsubj advcl xcomp punct punct root Feeling VERB weak ADJ and CCONJ dizzy ADJ , PUNCT as SCONJ if SCONJ you PRON might AUX fall VERB ( PUNCT I PRON feel VERB faint ADJ ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Feeling feel VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 10 fall advcl 2 weak weak ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Feeling xcomp 3 and and CCONJ _ 4 dizzy cc 4 dizzy dizzy ADJ Degree=Pos 2 weak conj 5 , , PUNCT _ 1 Feeling punct 6 as as SCONJ _ 10 fall mark 7 if if SCONJ _ 10 fall mark 8 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 10 fall nsubj 9 might might AUX VerbForm=Fin 10 fall aux 10 fall fall VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 11 ( ( PUNCT _ 13 feel punct 12 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 13 feel nsubj 13 feel feel VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 fall advcl 14 faint faint ADJ Degree=Pos 13 feel xcomp 15 ) ) PUNCT _ 13 feel punct 16 . . PUNCT _ 10 fall punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 feel gerund you not said here weak property vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus 2 fall might you vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme 3 feel present I faint property vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus
Meaning 4 Very small (a faint chance; I haven't the faintest idea = I don't know at all).
The tree, 18 words advmod punct det amod obl punct nsubj parataxis advmod det amod obj punct nsubj aux advmod parataxis case obl punct punct root Very ADV small ADJ ( PUNCT a DET faint ADJ chance NOUN ; PUNCT I PRON have VERB n't PART the DET faintest ADJ idea NOUN = SYM I PRON do AUX n't PART know VERB at ADP all DET ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Very very ADV _ 2 small advmod 2 small small ADJ Degree=Pos root root 3 ( ( PUNCT _ 6 chance punct 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 chance det 5 faint faint ADJ Degree=Pos 6 chance amod 6 chance chance NOUN Number=Sing 2 small obl 7 ; ; PUNCT _ 9 have punct 8 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 9 have nsubj 9 have have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 small parataxis 10 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 13 idea advmod 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 idea det 12 faintest faint ADJ Degree=Sup 13 idea amod 13 idea idea NOUN Number=Sing 9 have obj 14 = = SYM _ 18 know punct 15 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 18 know nsubj 16 do do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 18 know aux 17 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 18 know advmod 18 know know VERB VerbForm=Inf 9 have parataxis 19 at at ADP _ 20 all case 20 all all DET PronType=Tot 18 know obl 21 ) ) PUNCT _ 18 know punct 22 . . PUNCT _ 2 small punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present I the faintest idea vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent idea=Patient 2 not know present · do-support I all vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
Example 1 I could hear a faint sound coming from the cupboard.
nsubj aux det amod obj acl case det obl punct root I PRON could AUX hear VERB a DET faint ADJ sound NOUN coming VERB from ADP the DET cupboard NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 hear nsubj 2 could could AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 hear aux 3 hear hear VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 sound det 5 faint faint ADJ Degree=Pos 6 sound amod 6 sound sound NOUN Number=Sing 3 hear obj 7 coming come VERB VerbForm=Ger 6 sound acl 8 from from ADP _ 10 cupboard case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 cupboard det 10 cupboard cupboard NOUN Number=Sing 7 coming obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 hear punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hear could I a faint sound vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer sound=Stimulus 2 come gerund a faint sound not said here the cupboard vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from cupboard=Initial_Location
Example 2 Draw faint lines first, then go over them in pen.
amod obj advmod punct advmod conj case obl case obl punct root Draw VERB faint ADJ lines NOUN first ADV , PUNCT then ADV go VERB over ADP them PRON in ADP pen NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Draw draw VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 faint faint ADJ Degree=Pos 3 lines amod 3 lines line NOUN Number=Plur 1 Draw obj 4 first first ADV NumForm=Word NumType=Ord 1 Draw advmod 5 , , PUNCT _ 7 go punct 6 then then ADV PronType=Dem 7 go advmod 7 go go VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 1 Draw conj 8 over over ADP _ 9 them case 9 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 go obl 10 in in ADP _ 11 pen case 11 pen pen NOUN Number=Sing 7 go obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 1 Draw punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 draw imperative you not said here faint lines first property vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent line=Theme 2 go infinitive you not said here pen then over lines = line vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme over they=Initial_Location
Example 3 He fainted in the hot sun and fell down.
nsubj case det amod obl cc conj advmod punct root He PRON fainted VERB in ADP the DET hot ADJ sun NOUN and CCONJ fell VERB down ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 fainted nsubj 2 fainted faint VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 in in ADP _ 6 sun case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 sun det 5 hot hot ADJ Degree=Pos 6 sun amod 6 sun sun NOUN Number=Sing 2 fainted obl 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 fell cc 8 fell fall VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 fainted conj 9 down down ADV _ 8 fell advmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 fainted punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 faint past He the hot sun vn change_bodily_state-40.8.4 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer 2 fall down past He not said here down property vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 4 If you feel faint, sit down and put your head between your knees.
The tree, 13 words mark nsubj advcl xcomp punct compound:prt cc conj nmod:poss obj case nmod:poss obl punct root If SCONJ you PRON feel VERB faint ADJ , PUNCT sit VERB down ADP and CCONJ put VERB your PRON head NOUN between ADP your PRON knees NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 If if SCONJ _ 3 feel mark 2 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 3 feel nsubj 3 feel feel VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 sit advcl 4 faint faint ADJ Degree=Pos 3 feel xcomp 5 , , PUNCT _ 3 feel punct 6 sit sit VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 7 down down ADP _ 6 sit compound:prt 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 put cc 9 put put VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 6 sit conj 10 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 11 head nmod:poss 11 head head NOUN Number=Sing 9 put obj 12 between between ADP _ 14 knees case 13 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 14 knees nmod:poss 14 knees knee NOUN Number=Plur 9 put obl 15 . . PUNCT _ 6 sit punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 feel a condition, not said to happen present you faint property vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus 2 sit down imperative you not said here vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 put infinitive you not said here your head your knees vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent head=Theme between knee=Destination
Example 5 There was a faint smell of smoke.
expl det amod nsubj case nmod punct root There PRON was VERB a DET faint ADJ smell NOUN of ADP smoke NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 There there PRON PronType=Dem 2 was expl 2 was be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 smell det 4 faint faint ADJ Degree=Pos 5 smell amod 5 smell smell NOUN Number=Sing 2 was nsubj 6 of of ADP _ 7 smoke case 7 smoke smoke NOUN Number=Sing 5 smell nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 was punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 be past a faint smell of smoke there vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 smell smoke nom smell «cognition intransitive»: of=agent
Example 6 The stars were faint because of the city lights.
det nsubj cop case fixed det compound obl punct root The DET stars NOUN were AUX faint ADJ because ADP of ADP the DET city NOUN lights NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 stars det 2 stars star NOUN Number=Plur 4 faint nsubj 3 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 faint cop 4 faint faint ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 because because ADP ExtPos=ADP 9 lights case 6 of of ADP _ 5 because fixed 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 lights det 8 city city NOUN Number=Sing 9 lights compound 9 lights light NOUN Number=Plur 4 faint obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 faint punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past the stars because the city lights; faint property tree rules
Example 7 I haven't the faintest idea where my shoe is.
nsubj advmod det amod obj advmod nmod:poss nsubj cop punct root I PRON have VERB n't PART the DET faintest ADJ idea NOUN where ADV my PRON shoe NOUN is AUX . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 have nsubj 2 have have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 6 idea advmod 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 idea det 5 faintest faint ADJ Degree=Sup 6 idea amod 6 idea idea NOUN Number=Sing 2 have obj 7 where where ADV PronType=Rel 10 is advmod 8 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 shoe nmod:poss 9 shoe shoe NOUN Number=Sing 10 is nsubj 10 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 idea cop 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 have punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present I vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 2 not is a present the faintest idea tree rules
Example 8 The sickening smell made him faint.
det amod nsubj obj xcomp punct root The DET sickening VERB smell NOUN made VERB him PRON faint ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 smell det 2 sickening sicken VERB VerbForm=Ger 3 smell amod 3 smell smell NOUN Number=Sing 4 made nsubj 4 made make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 him he PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 made obj 6 faint faint ADJ Degree=Pos 4 made xcomp 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sicken gerund vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer 2 make past the sickening smell him = he faint property vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset he=Product
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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